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51.
采用数值模式方法对我国华东地区进行月尺度短期气候预测。预测框架由改进的低分辨率全球环流模式T63 L9嵌套并入了水文模型VXM的区域气候模式RegCM3构成,根据嵌套气候模式的积分结果,经剔除系统误差后制作短期气候预报。本文利用国家气候中心的评分方法对2003、2004两年的降水和地表气温回报结果作了评估;还将本系统的预报结果与CMAP降水资料、NMC温度资料及全国160站的观测资料进行了对比。结果表明,该系统可以比较稳定地对我国华东地区的降水和温度进行月尺度预测。 相似文献
52.
官厅水库生物固氮作用对水体富营养化的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以官厅水库富营养化水体为研究对象,利用乙炔还原法测量水体生物固氮能力,结合变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）技术对固氮生物nifH基因进行分析。实验结果表明,官厅水库水体存在生物固氮现象,固氮速率为0.172~9.35 nmol/(m3·d),与水体氨氮、总氮、总磷呈显著相关性（P=0.998,r=0.000; P=0.986,r=0.000; P=0.968,r=0.002）。DGGE图谱显示：各点固氮细菌丰度差异较大,Shannon-Weaver指数为0.80~2.45,固氮细菌丰度和总氮、总磷存在较强相关性（P=0.737,r=0.094; P=0.787,r=0.063）。随着水体富营养水平的上升,固氮微生物多样性急剧增加,水体固氮能力也随之上升。自然固氮可能对原本富营养化的水体产生更大危害。 相似文献
53.
本研究选取天然红壤作为研究对象,分析其中的含铁半导体矿物光催化作用对本源微生物群落结构的影响。采用聚
合酶链式反应/变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）,研究了不同原始光照条件的红壤中微生物群落在外源电子作用下群落结
构的改变。DGGE图谱的主成分分析表明,两个不同原始光照环境的土壤样品的微生物群落结构由于原始环境的差异而不同：
原始环境为强光照的样品中微生物群落结构受外源电子影响较小;原始环境为弱光照的样品中微生物群落结构受外源电子
影响较大。这一群落结构改变的差异可能由于原始环境为强光照时半导体矿物光催化作用产生光生电子传递到环境中持续
影响周围的微生物群落,而原始弱光照环境中则缺少光生电子的作用。 相似文献
54.
Seasonal variation of plankton communities influenced by environmental factors in an artificial lake
We evaluated the seasonal variation in plankton community composition in an artificial lake. We conducted microscopic analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNAand 18S rRNAgenes to characterize the plankton community. The clustering of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) was then used to investigate the similarity of these plankton communities. DGGE fingerprinting revealed that samples collected at the different sites within a season shared high similarity and were generally grouped together. In contrast, we did not observe any seasonal variation based on microscopic analysis. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the plankton operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in relation to environmental factors revealed that transparency was negatively correlated with the first axis (R=-0.931), and temperature and total phosphorus (TP) were positively correlated with the first axis (R=0.736 and R=0.660, respectively). In conclusion, plankton communities in the artificial lake exhibited significant seasonal variation. Transparency, phosphorus and temperature appear to be the major factors driving the differences in plankton composition. 相似文献
55.
This paper examines the combined impacts of food price and income shocks on household food security and economic well-being in low-income rural communities. Using longitudinal survey data of 1800 rural households from 12 districts of Bangladesh over the period 2007–2009, we estimated a three-stage hierarchical logit model to identify the key sources of household food insecurity. The first-difference estimator was then employed to compare pre- and post-shock expenditure for those households that experienced acute food shortages and those that managed to avoid the worst impacts of the shocks. On the basis of our results we conclude that: (1) the soaring food prices of 2007–2009 unequivocally aggravated food insecurity in the rural areas of Bangladesh; (2) the subsequent income shocks of 2007–2009 contributed toward worsening food insecurity; (3) the adverse impacts of these shocks appeared to have faded over time due to labor and commodity market adjustments, regional economic growth, and domestic policy responses, leaving no profound impacts on households’ economic well-being in most cases; and (4) although the immediate adverse consequences of rising food prices were borne disproportionately by the poor, the longer term consequences were distributed more evenly across the rich and poor and were favorable for the day laborers. 相似文献