天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川昼、夜径流变化特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

高明杰  韩添丁  叶柏生  焦克勤 《冰川冻土》2011,33(6):1243-1250

利用天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川2001-2005年消融期的水文气象实测资料,分析了河源区径流量的昼、夜变化特征,并对径流变化过程与气温、降水等关系进行了相关分析.结果表明：从5月份消融初期开始,昼、夜平均流量都较小,随着强消融期的到来,迅速增大,到消融期后期（8月份末）,又逐渐变小.就年际相同月份昼（夜）平均流量相比而言...  相似文献   

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川雪层中NO_3~-的演化过程   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王圣杰  张明军  李忠勤  王飞腾  张晓宇  李亚举 《地球科学进展》2011,26(8):897-904

根据2004年11月至2005年10月在天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川积累区采集的雪坑样品研究发现,雪层中NO3-平均浓度存在季节性变化特征,湿季（4~10月）的NO3-浓度明显低于干季（11月至次年3月）。特别是在春季,在雪层上部出现的浓度峰,经过夏季淋溶改造,稀释并合并为稳定的浓度峰;雪层中各浓度峰普遍处于向下迁移的过程...  相似文献   

Selected Trace Elements in Snowpack on Urumqi Glacier No. 1, Eastern Tianshan, China: As Yielded by Leaching Treatment Representative of Real-World Environmental Conditions     

张明军  王圣杰  王飞腾  李月芳 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2011,(4)

To investigate the seasonal variability and potential environmental significance of trace elements in mountain glaciers, the surface snow and snow pit samples were collected at Urumqi Glacier No. 1 (43o06'N, 86o49'E, 4 130 m a.s.l.), eastern Tianshan (天山), from September 2002 to September 2003, and analyzed for Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, and Ba. The samples were acidified (leached) in a manner intended to reasonably approximate the extent to which the natural hydrologic and weathering cycles would liberate elem...  相似文献   

中煤平朔三号井工矿水化学特征及对水文地质条件的反映     

孙振洋  刘贯群 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(4):36-40,63

中煤平朔三号井工矿在建井过程中曾发生了两次较大的突水事件。在分析矿区水文地质条件的基础上,采用衬度系数方差分析了矿区内地表水、第四系松散层孔隙水、石炭—二叠系砂岩裂隙水和矿井水的水化学特征,对直接充水水源——石炭—二叠系砂岩裂隙水的水化学类型、矿化度和主要污染组分的空间分布特征及水动力条件进行了探讨。研究结果表明,三号井工矿水化学特征能够较好地反映水动力条件和富水性：在井田西部靠近大沙沟的隐伏露头部位,由于地表水及第四系地下水补给强度大,径流条件好,水交替积极,水质较好;而在远离隐伏露头补给区,即井田东部及东北大部风化裂隙减弱,径流条件逐渐变差,水交替迟缓,水中各离子含量相对增高,水质变差。研究成果可为矿井防治水提供依据。  相似文献   

Long-term measurements of 36Cl to investigate potential solar influence on the decay rate     

《Astroparticle Physics》2014

Recently, Jenkins et al. [6] reported on fluctuations in the detected decay events of ³⁶Cl which were measured with a Geiger–Müller counter. Experimental data of ³²Si measured by means of an end-window gas-flow proportional counter at the Brookhaven National Laboratory show similar periodicity, albeit a different amplitude. Jenkins et al. interpret the fluctuations as evidence of solar influence on the decay rates of beta-decaying radionuclides.In this work, liquid scintillation counting was used to check for potential variations in the ³⁶Cl decay rates. A custom-built counter with three photomultiplier tubes was used. In contrast to commercial counters, the relevant parameters of our system are well controlled and the discrimination threshold and HV setting can be adjusted and checked. The experimental data were analyzed by means of the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method which is a primary method for activity determination. Thus, our results do not depend on any other standard or reference source.Our data show fluctuations which are by more than one order of magnitude lower than those seen in the experiment using a Geiger–Müller counter. More importantly, no oscillation could be identified. Interestingly, our data overlap in time with those from Jenkins et al. [6]. We do not observe the phase and amplitude as seen by Jenkins and conclude that the fluctuations are not due to solar influence. This also implies that the interpretation by Jenkins et al. is false.  相似文献   

Primary nitrogen production at low Z     

Georges Meynet 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2002,279(1-2):183-186

Stellar models with axial rotation and very low metallicity Z, typical of the early star generations have been computed. These models account for the effects of rotation in the same way as previous grids which successfully reproduce the He- and N-enrichments observed at the surface of massive stars, and also the high numbers of red supergiants observed in low Z galaxies (Meynet and Maeder, 2000; Maeder and Meynet, 2001). At very low metallicity (Z = 0.00001, i.e. one two thousandth of the solar metallicity),these models naturally lead to the production of primary nitrogen. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The discovery of clumpy structure in the diffuse gas towards Cyg OB2 No. 12     

Flavio Scappini  Silvia Casu  Cesare Cecchi-Pestellini  Michael Olberg 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,337(2):495-498

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沙尘暴对天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川环境的影响     

马珊  夏敦胜  李忠勤  周平  张昕  周茜  王家鑫 《冰川冻土》2018,40(4):685-694

基于沙尘暴发生前后在天山托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川末端采集的7个大气气溶胶样品和在水文断面采集的9个融水径流样品,探讨了沙尘暴事件对天山冰川区大气环境和水环境的影响。结果表明,Ca²⁺和SO₄^2-是青冰滩72号冰川大气和融水径流的主要离子,当沙尘暴发生时,这两种介质中的离子浓度显著升高,而且升高存在同时性。由于影响因素不同,浓度随时间变化的趋势不同,大气环境对沙尘事件的响应能力强,水环境则对温度变化的响应能力更强。通过相关性分析和主成分分析认为,青冰滩72号冰川大气中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^2-主要以自然源为主;NO₃^-和NH₄⁺则以人为源为主。轨迹分析发现,由源于东欧、西伯利亚经中亚南下的冷气团引发的大风降温天气以及区域沙尘暴对冰川区环境有显著影响。  相似文献   

Origin of the LLSVPs at the base of the mantle is a consequence of plate tectonics——A petrological and geochemical perspective     

Yaoling Niu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(5):1265-1278

In studying the petrogenesis of intra-plate ocean island basalts(OIB) associated with hotspots or mantle plumes, we hypothesized that the two large-low-shear-wave-velocity provinces(LLSVPs) at the base of the mantle beneath the Pacific(Jason) and Africa(Tuzo) are piles of subducted ocean crust(SOC)accumulated over Earth's history. This hypothesis was formulated using petrology, geochemistry and mineral physics in the context of plate tectonics and mantle circulation. Because the current debate on the origin of the LLSVPs is limited to the geophysical community and modelling discipline and because it is apparent that such debate cannot be resolved without considering relevant petrological and geochemical information, it is my motivation here to objectively discuss such information in a readily accessible manner with new perspectives in light of most recent discoveries. The hypothesis has the following elements:(1) subduction of the ocean crust of basaltic composition to the lower mantle is irreversible because(2) SOC is denser than the ambience of peridotitic composition under lower mantle conditions in both solid state and liquid form;(3) this understanding differs from the widespread view that OIB come from ancient SOC that returns from the lower mantle by mantle plumes, but is fully consistent with the understanding that OIB is not derived from SOC because SOC is chemically and isotopically too depleted to meet the requirement for any known OIB suite on Earth;(4) SOC is thus the best candidate for the LLSVPs, which are, in turn, the permanent graveyard of SOC;(5) the LLSVPs act as thermal insulators, making core-heating induced mantle diapirs or plumes initiated at their edges, which explains why the large igneous provinces(LIPs) are associated with the edges of the LLSVPs;(6) the antipodal positioning of Jason and Tuzo represents the optimal momentum of inertia, which explains why the LLSVPs are stable in the spinning Earth.  相似文献   

蒙陕接壤区纳林河二号矿井首采工作面顶板富水性探查     

石磊 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(10):49-52,72

在充分掌握地质勘探资料的基础上,利用井下物探和钻探等技术,对鄂尔多斯盆地蒙陕矿区深埋煤层首采工作面顶板水文地质条件进行了深入研究。结果表明,31101工作面顶板导水裂缝带范围内共发育三层含水层,从下往上依次为3-1煤顶板含水层、2-1煤顶板含水层和直罗组下段含水层;富水区域主要分布于2-1煤层顶板到直罗组下段岩层之间,岩性为中粒砂岩、中粗粒砂岩。切眼附近和旧回撤通道附近钻孔涌水量和水压波动较大,这两个区域顶板水富水不均一性较明显;中间位置顶板含水层发育较稳定,钻孔涌水量和水压也相对稳定,富水性比较均一。井下物探在切眼附近和旧回撤通道附近圈定的低阻异常区,主要由地层岩性和富水性等引起。  相似文献