巴西桑托斯盆地白垩系湖相藻叠层石礁特征及主控因素分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王颖  王晓州  廖计华  朱石磊  蔡露露 《沉积学报》2016,34(5):819-829

湖相碳酸盐岩研究正处于不断探索和认识阶段,近年来国内外大量湖相碳酸盐岩储层的发现,使主要借鉴海相碳酸盐岩理论的湖相碳酸盐岩研究得到关注和重视,并取得一定的成果和认识。巴西桑托斯盆地白垩系藻叠层石礁是湖相碳酸盐岩一种特殊的储层类型,对于丰富湖相碳酸盐岩理论具有重要意义。通过对地震剖面的振幅反射结构,钻井岩性剖面,岩芯沉积结构、构造观察,岩芯薄片孔渗及成岩分析,测井曲线反映的沉积物粒序变化及旋回组合特征等现象的综合分析,总结出了白垩系藻叠层石礁的主要特征及主控因素。藻叠层石礁以叠层石为格架,藻类的黏结作用使其成为大面积连片发育的黏结礁,其孔渗发育,是良好的储层。发育和分布主要受物源供给、古隆起、水体变化和藻类改造四种因素的控制。咸水环境下,在远离碎屑物源影响的水下古隆起上,水侵体系域时期,适应环境较强的叠层石繁盛,藻类的黏结作用使其成为具有格架结构的黏结礁,沿巴西桑托斯盆地东部隆起带大面积发育。  相似文献   

Invertebrate traces in pseudo–coprolites from the upper Cretaceous Marília Formation (Bauru Group), Minas Gerais State,Brazil     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

Pseudo–coprolites are inorganic structures often confused with fossil faeces. The absence of some diagnostic features, such as inclusions, coprofabrics, grain adhesion, and defined shape, suffices to disregard these structures as coprolites. Herein we revise the so–called “coprolites” from the Serra da Galga Member of the Marília Formation (Maastrichtian of Bauru Group, Paraná Basin), at “Ponto 1 do Price” locality near the town of Peirópolis (Uberaba municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil) and conclude that they are, in fact, pseudo–coprolites related to calcretes. These data also agree with the geological setting of “Ponto 1 do Price”, composed mainly of coarse sandstones and conglomerates, in which these pseudo–coprolites were found. In addition, some of these specimens exhibit superficial traces, here described as a new boring ichnospecies, Asthenopodichnium fallax isp. nov., produced by invertebrates in Late Cretaceous fresh–water settings of Brazil.  相似文献   

准噶尔地块东北缘志留纪碱性玄武岩的发现及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵浩  廖群安  肖典  罗婷  王良玉  尹庭旺  刘鸿飞 《岩石学报》2018,34(3):586-600

在准噶尔地块东北缘莫钦乌拉山发现一套陆相火山岩,其与下伏中-上奥陶统庙尔沟组呈角度不整合接触,粗安岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为434.4±2.2Ma,表明其形成时代为早志留世。火山岩岩石组合为碱玄岩、玄武粗安岩、粗安岩和相应的火山碎屑岩,属于强碱性-碱性火山岩系列。SiO_2含量在45.6%~54.4%之间,富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=6.75%~9.10%),高的TiO_2(0.85%~1.42%)和Al_2O_3(17.75%~20.0%)含量,低Mg#(25.1~55.6),里特曼指数δ为3.63~9.68,玄武岩基质中出现碱性长石和白榴石。岩石轻重稀土分异明显,(La/Yb)N=4.22~6.09,Eu负异常不明显,富集LILE,亏损HFSE,具明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常。样品值为0.7033~0.7046,具低正值(+2.13~+4.16)显示了来源于亏损地幔的特征,但在富碱、强烈富集LILE和低值(~0.5122)等方面又显示了源区富集的特征,富集原因可能为地壳再循环或上升过程遭受地壳混染。结合区域地质背景和Zr-Zr/Y、Ti/1000-V图解,推测早志留世碱性玄武岩形成的构造环境为准噶尔微陆块与北部阿尔泰-蒙古微陆块碰撞造山后的板内伸展环境,可能代表了北部卡拉麦里洋盆最初期的陆内拉张阶段,这表明志留纪是准噶尔地块东北缘碰撞挤压到伸展拉张的构造转换时期。  相似文献   

4. Hydraulics     

M. TURNER  G. P. BRUNSDON 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(1):143-146

Abstract

A solid state event recorder and reader suitable for use with a tipping bucket raingauge are described. The recorder is a small battery operated unit with very low power consumption, capable of recording 64, 8 bit, words. The portable reader unit is used to interrogate it.  相似文献   

哈萨克斯坦北东天山浅成低温热液型金矿床成矿时代及构造背景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

武广  陈毓川  陈衍景 《岩石学报》2010,26(12):3683-3695

哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区是中亚造山带重要的浅成低温热液型金矿床产出地区,但其成矿年代学研究非常薄弱。为确定成矿时代,作者运用高精度激光40Ar/39Ar定年法对阿尔哈尔雷金矿床和乌仁科布拉克金矿床的赋矿围岩进行了年龄测定。获得阿尔哈尔雷金矿床安山岩样品20个点40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为304±7Ma(MSWD=6),乌仁科布拉克金矿床安山玄武岩样品21个点40Ar/39Ar等时线年龄为280±6Ma(MSWD=2.4),表明哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区浅成低温热液型金矿床主要形成于晚石炭世末期-早二叠世。初步的岩石学、地球化学研究表明,哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区晚石炭世末期-二叠纪火山岩主要为流纹岩、粗安岩、玄武粗安岩、玄武安山岩、粗面玄武岩和玄武岩,具双峰式特征,主体属于高钾钙碱性和橄榄玄粗岩系列。哈萨克斯坦北东天山地区晚石炭世末期浅成低温热液型金矿床形成于碰撞晚期向裂谷的转换阶段,而二叠纪浅成低温热液型金矿床产出于陆内裂谷环境。  相似文献   

Micropollutants in four Brazilian water reservoirs     

《Limnologica》2021

The concern about emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals is growing, mainly due to the increased global consumption of synthetic chemicals and the potential risk to environmental and human health. Although developing countries may be hotspots of pharmaceutical pollution, the knowledge about the occurrence of pharmaceuticals is still limited and patchy. Brazil holds one of the largest freshwater volumes globally, yet, little is known about the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in reservoirs although they make up key water sources. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate micropollutant occurrence, mainly pharmaceuticals, in four freshwater reservoirs distributed in Brazil. Water samples were collected in the Curuá-Una (CUN, Amazon region), Chapéu D’Uvas (CDU, Atlantic Forest region), Funil (FUN, Atlantic Forest region), and Simplício (SIM, Atlantic Forest region) reservoirs. The occurrence of 28 different micropollutants, including 26 pharmaceuticals, was investigated with target analysis on a UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS, and a non-target screening approach was performed on all water samples to identify the presence of additional contaminants. The highest micropollutant concentrations were observed in FUN and SIM, which are the reservoirs with the largest population size in the catchment. Only caffeine was detected in CDU and CUN, which are reservoirs less influenced by urbanization. Metformin was the pharmaceutical with the highest concentrations, reaching 2 191 ng L⁻¹ in FUN. The non-target screening identified 125 chemicals, of which most were pharmaceuticals. The numbers of compounds identified and which were above the LOQ were higher in FUN and SIM, in agreement with results from the target analysis. Metformin is the compound with the highest risk to affect FUN reservoir negatively, based on calculated risk quotients. Considering that the reservoirs are used for multiple purposes, including water supply, irrigation, and aquaculture, it is important to continue investigating micropollutant occurrence to guarantee environmental and human health.  相似文献   

Spatial conservation planning framework for assessing conservation opportunities in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2014

Historic rates of habitat change and growing exploitation of natural resources threaten avian biodiversity in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a global biodiversity hotspot. We implemented a twostage framework for conservation planning in the Atlantic Forest. First, we used ecological niche modeling to predict the distributions of 23 endemic bird species using 19 climatic metrics and 12 spectral and radar remote sensing metrics. Second, we utilized the principle of complementarity to prioritize new sites to augment the Atlantic Forest's existing reserves. The best predictors of bird distributions were precipitation metrics (the seasonality of rainfall) and radar remote sensing metrics (QSCAT). The existing protected areas do not include 10% of the habitat of each of the 23 endemic species. We propose a more economical set of protected areas by reducing the extent to which new sites duplicate the biodiversity content of existing protected areas. There is a high concordance between the proposed conservation areas that we designed using computerized algorithms and Important Bird Areas prioritized by BirdLife International. Insofar as deforestation in the Atlantic Forest is similar to land conversion in other biodiversity hotspots, our methodology is applicable to conservation efforts elsewhere in the world.  相似文献   

Regulating public space on the beachfronts of Rio de Janeiro     

Godfrey BJ  Arguinzoni OM 《Geographical review》2012,102(1):17-34

Despite the fortification of buildings, streets, and public squares, Rio de Janeiro's beaches remain widely regarded as democratic spaces of social diversity and accessibility. Our study revisits the question of Rio's “democratic” beachfronts, based on local interviews, field observations, official reports, and newspaper accounts. We focus on historical and contemporary perceptions of planning, privatization, and public-order programs on the city's southern seaside. Institutional discourses have justified increasing regulation to combat threats of disorder and insecurity. While residents value the relative openness of beachfronts, they also acknowledge issues of safety, social segmentation, and subtle forms of bias. The public generally applauds recent “Shock of Order” policing and commercial revitalization, although critics lament the loss of traditional freedoms for informal beach vendors and casual sports. These paradoxes highlight enduring tensions between social order and hierarchy on one hand, and democratic rights and equality on the other.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Santo Antônio da Barra Kamafugites, Goiás, Brazil     

Patricia Barbosa de Albuquerque Sgarbi  Jos Carlos Gaspar 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2002,14(8):236

This work focuses on the kamafugites from Santo Antônio da Barra, Minas–Goiás Alkaline Province. These rocks contain olivine, clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, perovskite, leucite (pseudomorphs), kalsilite, nepheline, and phlogopite.The rocks investigated are ultrabasic, with high contents of CaO, FeO, and TiO₂, high to moderate contents of Al₂O₃, alkalis, and P₂O₅, and low contents of MgO. The alkaline characteristic of the rocks is reflected in TiO₂, K₂O, and Na₂O contents and in the frequent presence of normative nepheline and leucite. K₂O contents are not primary since most of the leucite was replaced by analcime.The negative K anomaly verified in the extended incompatible element distribution diagram for kamafugites seems to be mainly related to alteration. Kamafugites are characterized by a marked enrichment in incompatible and large ion lithophile elements together with other typical compatible elements.The Santo Antônio da Barra kamafugites are less enriched in titanium, niobium, zirconium, and REE than the Mata da Corda and most of the Toro-Ankole ones. San Venanzo–Cupaello rocks have much lower titanium contents.  相似文献   

佳木斯地块片麻状花岗岩的锆石离子探针U—Pb年龄   总被引：25，自引：19，他引：25  

吴福元  S  WSILDE 《岩石学报》2001,17(3):443-452

我国东北地区佳木斯地块分布有大量的花岗质岩石，这些花岗岩可分为两个大的类型，其一为基底花岗片麻岩类，岩石曾经历过50Ma左右的角闪岩相－麻粒岩相变质作用的改造，并具有与麻山群变质岩系相同或一致的片麻理构造。其二为片麻状花岗岩类，片麻理发育程度不等，岩石显示明显的岩浆结晶结构，不具有任何后期变质作用叠加的痕迹，传统认为片麻状花岗岩形成于新元古代，但本文通过高精度的锆石离子探针U－Pb测年表明，这些花岗岩主要形成于270－254Ma的晚古生代，且部分岩石中含有较老的锆石颗粒或残留，表明这些花岗岩主要来源于基底岩石的部分熔融，测定岩石的矿物组成和化学成分特点暗示，它的形成可能与佳木斯地块与周围块体或佳木斯地块内部块体间的拼合作用有关。  相似文献