南海东北部海陆深地震联测与滨海断裂带两侧地壳结构分析   总被引：58，自引：17，他引：41       下载免费PDF全文

赵明辉  丘学林  叶春明  夏戡原  黄慈流  谢剑波  王平 《地球物理学报》2004,47(5):845-852

南海东北部首次成功实施海陆联合深地震探测,填补了海陆过渡带深地震探测的空白. 利用该次海陆联测地震数据,通过数据处理、震相分析、射线追踪、走时模拟等方法,获得了滨海断裂带附近的纵波地壳速度结构,探明了海陆联测剖面中滨海断裂带可能位置. 地壳速度结构为陆壳结构,地壳厚度由陆地向海区逐步变薄;在上地壳下部普遍存在一层速度为5.5～5.9km·s-1、厚度为2.5～4.0km的低速层,并向海区方向减薄,该区未发现明显的高速层. 滨海断裂带为一纵向低速带,位于南澳台东南35km处,对应于重、磁异常带,断裂带断至莫霍面,是华南陆区正常型陆壳与海区减薄型陆壳的分界地壳断裂.  相似文献   

Artesian Flowing Wells Field of Phu Tok Aquifer          下载免费PDF全文

Patsakron Assiri 《地下水科学与工程》2013,1(3):95-98

Phu tok Aquifer is the most productive water bearing rock in the Northeastern region of Thailand. Generally, well drilled in this aquifer yields approximately 20–50 m3/hr with some wells yield over 150 m3/hr. This aquifer characterized both unconfined and confined aquifer. Data collected from core sampling and TV bore hole show water bearing fractures in the fine grained massive sandstone intercalated with thin shale layers. These intermittently bedding plane fracture zones were found vertically at 60-65 and 95-110 m below ground surface. Three directions of vertically fractures were also found at 103-104 m in the test well with underlain densely sandstone until 120 m of depth. Wells drilled to 60-70 m fractures at the area where surface elevation between 150 and 170 m above mean sea level were artesian well with rising water about 1-3 m. Natural discharge rate from 2-5 inches of diameter casing is 5-10 m3/hr. Fractures at 90-110 m yield 150 m3/hr through 6 inch casing well with 5-6 m of risen water above the ground. It is found from pumping test of Phu Tok Aquifer that hydraulic conductivity of unconfined aquifer at shallower than 50 m is 0.005-17 m/d. Transmissivity and storage coefficient are 0.05-20 m2/d and 7×10-3-0.725 respectively. The confined aquifer at depth not exceed 90 m has hydraulic conductivity value of 0.2-10 m/d while transmissivity and storage coefficient are 3.19-150 m2/d and 1×10-10-1.6×10-2. Another confined aquifer at 90-120 m of depth have hydraulic conductivity value of 0.08-15 m/d and transmissivity and storage coefficient values of 1.7-178 m2/d and 4×10-7-4.5×10-3 respectively.  相似文献   

2003年青海德令哈6.7级地震序列的震源机制解及其构造含义          下载免费PDF全文

孙长虹  许丰  杨玉波  钱荣毅  孟小红 《地球物理学报》2012,55(10):3338-3346

利用8个流动数字地震台和国家数字地震台站的地震波形记录,测量了2003年4月17日青海德令哈6.7级地震及其主要余震的直达P波、SV波、SH波的初动方向和振幅比,应用Snoke(2003)的测定震源机制解的格点尝试法,测定出德令哈地震序列的48个2.4级以上地震的震源机制解.搜集分析了美国哈佛大学测定的德令哈6.7级主震和2004年二期地震活动中的7个地震的震源机制解.基于余震空间分布特征和对震源机制解特征的分析,讨论了德令哈地震序列的可能断层活动方式和地震的构造含义.结果表明,主震和大部分余震都是沿NWW-SEE走向的逆断层错动,北边的上盘可能沿低角度向北倾的断层面向南仰冲;个别正断层余震可能是震源区挤压变形弧顶区附近发生的局部张性破裂;在二期地震活动中,逆断层和走滑断层都有,走滑断层地震主要发生在震源区东侧.德令哈地震活动是青藏高原东北缘NWW-SEE向延伸的挤压带继续处于隆升活动中的表现,这一继承性新构造运动是德令哈地震序列的可能发震原因.  相似文献   

东北农牧交错区生态环境影响因素研究     

张军涛 《地域研究与开发》2008,27(1):113-116

东北农牧交错区属于典型的环境脆弱区,也是我国水土流失、土地荒漠化和草场退化等生态环境问题最为严重的地区之一.深入研究其脆弱环境形成过程中自然因素和人为因素的作用孰轻孰重,对于在生态环境保护与治理过程中有针对性地采取相关政策和措施具有重要的实践价值.以内蒙古东部的通辽和辽宁西部的朝阳为样本点,选取反映自然和人为因素作用的指标,通过主成分分析法对该区域脆弱环境和土地荒漠化形成影响因素进行了比较研究.结果表明,人为因素的影响在东北农牧交错区脆弱环境和土地荒漠化发展过程中起主导作用,综合因素和自然因素的影响强度因地而异.  相似文献   

Development of gullies and sediment production in the black soil region of northeastern China   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Yongqiu Wu  Qiuhong Zheng  Yongguang Zhang  Baoyuan Liu  Hong Cheng  Yanzai Wang 《Geomorphology》2008,101(4):683-691

Gully erosion is an important environmental hazard in the black soil region of northeastern China. It is a primary sediment source in the region which needs appropriate soil conservation practices. Gully incision in rolling hills typical of this region was monitored using real-time kinematic GPS to assess the rates of gully development and the resultant sediment production. From 2002 to 2005, gully heads in the study area retreated between 15.4 and 33.5 m, giving an average retreat rate of 8.4 m yr^− 1. Field measurements showed that total sediment production due to gully erosion during the three years ranged between 257 and 1854 m³ yr^− 1, which is equivalent to 326 to 2355 t yr^− 1, with gully-head retreat accounting for 0 to 21.7% (4.4% in average). The sediment delivery ratio was especially high during the summer rainy season (56% in average). Sediment production by ephemeral gullies and permanent gullies was 1.5 times greater than that from surface erosion. Gully heads retreated faster in the spring freeze–thaw period than in the summer. The stage of gully development could be identified based on short-term changes in the gully erosion rate.  相似文献   

Paleocurrent and fabric analyses of the imbricated fluvial gravel deposits in Huangshui Valley, the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xiaodong Miao  Huayu Lu  Zhen Li  Guangchao Cao 《Geomorphology》2008,99(1-4):433-442

Gravel deposits on fluvial terraces contain a wealth of information about the paleofluvial system. In this study, flow direction and provenance were determined by systematic counts of more than 2000 clasts of imbricated gravel deposits in the Xining Region, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China. These gravel deposits range in age from the modern Huangshui riverbed to Miocene-aged deposits overlain by eolian sediments. Our major objectives were not only to collect first-hand field data on the fluvial gravel sediments of the Xining Region, but also to the reconstruct the evolution of the fluvial system. These data may offer valuable information about uplift of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau during the late Cenozoic era. Reconstructed flow directions of the higher and lower gravel deposits imply that the river underwent a flow reversal of approximately 130–180°. In addition, the lithological compositions in the higher gravel deposits differ significantly from the lower terraces, suggesting that the source areas changed at the same time. Eolian stratigraphy overlying the gravel deposits and paleomagnetic age determination indicate that this change occurred sometime between 1.55 Ma and 1.2 Ma. We suggest that tectonic activity could explain the dramatic changes in flow direction and lithological composition during this time period. Therefore, this study provides a new scenario of fluvial response to tectonic uplift: a reversal of flow direction. In addition, field observation and statistical analyses reveal a strong relationship between rock type, size and roundness of clasts.  相似文献   

High resolution OSL and post-IR IRSL dating of the last interglacial–glacial cycle at the Sanbahuo loess site (northeastern China)     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

Northeastern China is located in the East Asian monsoon region; it is sensitive to both high and low latitude global climate systems. Loess deposits in the region have considerable potential as sensitive archives of past climate changes. However, research into loess deposition and climate change in this region is restricted by the lack of independent age control. In this study, coarse-grained quartz SAR OSL and K-feldspar post-IR infrared (IR) stimulated luminescence (post-IR IRSL; pIRIR₂₉₀) methods have been used to date the Sanbahuo loess site in northeastern China. The quartz OSL characteristics are satisfactory. The measured pIRIR₂₉₀ D_e's do not vary significantly with IR stimulation temperatures between 50 °C and 260 °C; a first IR stimulation temperature of 200 °C was adopted. Dose recovery tests were performed by adding different laboratory doses to both laboratory bleached (300 h SOL2) samples and natural samples; the results are satisfactory up to ∼800 Gy. Resulting quartz OSL and feldspar pIRIR₂₉₀ ages are in good agreement at least back to ∼44 ka; beyond this feldspar pIRIR₂₉₀ ages are older. The feldspar ages are consistent with the expected age of the S1 palaeosol (MIS 5). There appears to have been a period of fast loess deposition at ∼62 ka, perhaps indicative of winter monsoon intensification with a very cold and dry climate that lead to a serious desertification of dunefields in northeastern China.  相似文献   

Early Cretaceous porphyry copper mineralization in Northeast China: the Changfagou example     

Yong Zhang  Shu–Wen Xing  Chao Li  Shi–Fu Liang  Zheng–Tao Yu  Xiao–Hui Du 《International Geology Review》2017,59(2):185-203

The Changfagou Cu deposit is a newly discovered porphyry deposit located in the southern Jilin Province of Northeastern China, on the northeastern margin of the North China Craton. To better understand the formation of the Cu deposit, we report the zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os dating, and Sr-, Nd-, and Hf- isotopic data of the granite porphyry. LA-ICP-MS dating of zircon grains from two mineral zones in the granite porphyry yield ages of 115.7 ± 0.8 and 115.3 ± 0.6 Ma, which is interpreted as the emplacement age of the granite porphyry. The molybdenite Re–Os model ages of 112.5 to 113.8 Ma, an isochron age of 113.3 ± 1.3 Ma, and a weighted mean model age of 113.0 ± 0.7 Ma, which represents the age of the Cu mineralization quite well. The Changfagou granite porphyry samples lack amphibole and muscovite, and are compositionally characterized by high SiO₂, high Na₂O+K₂O, and low P₂O₅, enriched in some Rb, Th, U, and Pb, and depleted in Nb, Ta, Ti, P, and Eu. Mineralogical and geochemical features suggest that the Changfagou granite porphyry samples are slightly peraluminous and are of highly fractionated I-type granitoids. The granitic rocks also have relatively high (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i (0.71199 to 0. 71422), and both low εNd(t) (?14.56 to ?13.19) and εHf(t) values (?14.916 to ?8.644), which suggest that Changfagou granite porphyry are derived from mixed sources of crustal and mantle, and diagenesis and mineralization were possibly related to the switch in subduction direction of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate in the late phase of Early Cretaceous.  相似文献   

川东北二叠系长兴组碳酸盐岩深埋成岩过程及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张单明  刘波  秦善  田永净  张学丰  郭荣涛 《岩石学报》2017,33(4):1295-1304

上二叠统长兴组储层是川东北地区主力产层之一,储层岩性主要为结晶白云岩、残余生屑/砂屑白云岩、生物礁白云岩和亮晶生屑灰岩,储集空间以晶间孔、晶间溶孔为主,生物体腔孔、残余粒间孔次之,溶洞和裂缝少量发育。长兴组优质储层主要分布于台地边缘生物礁、台地边缘滩等沉积相带,该相带发育大量原生孔隙,易遭受大气淡水溶蚀改造。原生孔隙的发育为白云岩化流体与岩石相互作用提供空间,早期孔隙演变为晶间孔。白云岩抗压实能力较强,有利于高孔隙白云岩的保存。早三叠世快速深埋使长兴组迅速进入中深埋藏,深埋阶段,裂缝少量发育,部分被方解石充填,对储层贡献有限。晚三叠世油气充注隔绝了岩石与地层水的接触,抑制了孔隙内白云石的溶蚀和沉淀,储层先存孔隙得到较好的保存。快速深埋使孔隙迅速被埋藏封闭,深埋阶段水-岩反应处于近封闭的平衡状态,溶蚀-沉淀现象有限,深埋藏环境主要是储层孔隙保存和调整的场所,孔隙空间的位置可能重新分配。  相似文献   

地震海洋学方法在研究南海东北部海水水体结构中的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

郑红波  阎贫 《地球物理学报》2010,53(8):1852-1858

反射地震方法一般用于地下地质结构的探测.本文采用南海东北部的一条地震测线记录,通过对水体反射信号的处理,获取了该测线上海水的声速剖面,并获得了海水水体结构的直观图像.在反射地震剖面上,可以看出南海东北部上层海水结构较为稳定,没有明显的水体侵入痕迹,但中、深层海水中内波较为发育,这与物理海洋学上的研究结果是一致的.本文通过设计合理的数据模型说明了地震海洋学这种方法的可行性,并对地震海洋学的工作方法和方向上提出了一些意见和建议.  相似文献