Present recharge of an aquifer in a semi-arid region: an example from the Turonian limestones of the Errachidia basin, Morocco     

A. El Ouali  J. Mudry  J. Mania  P. Chauve  N. Elyamine  M. Marzouk 《Environmental Geology》1999,38(2):171-176

 The Errachidia basin is composed of three superposed aquifers (Senonian, Turonian limestones and Infracenomanian). The Liassic limestone of the upper Atlas borders the northern part of the basin. The piezometric map of the Turonian aquifer displays a north-south flow, with an inflow area from the Atlas. This recharge hypothesis is demontrated by a discriminant analysis performed on chemical data: the majority of the spots are of sodium choride and hydrogenocarbonate types, while several boreholes are assigned to a calcium hydrogenocarbonate type Jurassic component. ¹⁸O measurements, using the Atlasic gradient δ¹⁸O=–4.18–0.0027 x elevation to estimate the recharge areas, confirm that the recharge area is the basin itself (<1100 m) on the Turonian outcrops, while in the confined part, the Turonian is recharged higher than 1400 m (corresponding to the Atlas). This contribution ranges from 56 to 85%, according to the situation versus the piezometric inflow area. The remainder represents infiltration and vertical leakage from the Senonian layers.  相似文献   

A two-stage time series model for monthly hydrological projections under climate change in the Lim River basin (southeast Europe)     

Milan Stojković  Jasna Plavšić  Stevan Prohaska  Dragutin Pavlović  Jovan Despotović 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(3):387-400

ABSTRACT

Climate change projections of precipitation and temperature suggest that Serbia could be one of the most affected regions in southeastern Europe. To prepare adaptation measures, the impact of climate changes on water resources needs to be assessed. Pilot research is carried out for the Lim River basin, in southeastern Europe, to predict monthly flows under different climate scenarios. For estimation of future water availability, an alternative approach of developing a deterministic-stochastic time series model is chosen. The proposed two-stage time series model consists of several components: trend, long-term periodicity, seasonality and the stochastic component. The latter is based on a transfer function model with two input variables, precipitation and temperature, as climatic drivers. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency for the observed period 1950–2012 is 0.829. The model is applied for the long-term hydrological prediction under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) emissions scenarios for the future time frame 2013–2070.  相似文献   

Comparing performance indicators to characterize the water supply to the demands of the Guadiana River basin (Spain)     

Carla Palop-Donat  Javier Paredes-Arquiola  Abel Solera  Joaquín Andreu 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(7):1060-1074

ABSTRACT

Water indicators and indices are useful tools to assess river basin performance, that is, to measure whether the basin operates satisfactorily under a wide range of possible future demands and hydrological conditions. Spanish regulations assess the performance of water demands by using reliability indicators (RIs), established by law in 2008. This article raises the possibility of updating RIs by comparing them with sustainability indicators (SIs). SIs are widely used for the assessment of river basin performance and several policy scenarios. We applied a water allocation model to the Guadiana River basin in Spain to compare indicators under three scenarios. The study was framed within the science of socio-hydrology, combining the physical environment of a water system with its influence on social aspects. SIs gave better results than RIs when comparing future scenarios. We also propose the introduction of a vulnerability indicator into Spanish regulations.  相似文献   

石羊河流域干旱气候对ENSO事件的响应及预测分析     

罗晓玲 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2020,14(4):46-51

根据石羊河流域5个气象站1961—2018年的降水、气温、干旱实况资料,利用气候统计学方法分析ENSO事件对该区气候变化及干旱的影响。结果表明:厄尔尼诺事件会造成流域春季降水偏多,春、秋、冬季气温偏高,易出现暖冬;拉尼娜事件则春季降水偏少,秋季降水偏多,冬季气温偏低,易出现冷冬,中下游发生中度以上春旱、春末夏初旱和伏旱的概率较高。应用1968—2010年旬、月气象要素和大气环流特征量,采用最优子集回归方法,建立降水和干旱统计预测模式,然后结合ENSO事件,通过加权平均法构建集成预测概念模型。对模型进行检验,拟合率与准确率较高,已投入业务使用。  相似文献   

Natural gas generation model and its response in accumulated fluids in the Yinggehai basin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郝芳  邹华耀  黄保家 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(11):1103-1112

The generation of natural gases is much more complicated in comparison with liquid petro-leum in that natural gases could be generated from both humic and sapropelic organic matter at different stages and that natural gases could be organic and inorganic …  相似文献   

内陆河流域分布式日出山径流模型——以黑河干流山区流域为例   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

陈仁升  康尔泗  杨建平  张济世 《地球科学进展》2003,18(2):198-206

应用常规的气象水文数据并结合GIS,建立了一个适合西北干旱区内陆河山区流域的以日为步长的分布式径流模型,并对黑河干流山区出山径流进行了模拟计算和讨论。模型以子流域作为最小的产流、汇流单元,根据植被覆盖将各子流域分为裸地区、乔木区、牧草区和冰川区,并根据实际调查将土壤分为 3层,各分区单独进行水量平衡计算。产流过程以土壤储水能力和储水量表征,而储水能力和储水量等则由土壤的孔隙度、干密度和厚度等表征。入渗原理基于土壤储水率平衡原理,并考虑重力势的作用。实际蒸散发与蒸发力和土壤体积含水量的乘积成正比,不同的土壤和植被具有不同的调节参数。模拟结果表明,模拟效果较差的原因是区域日降水过程具有较大的随机性,难以用有限的站点合理计算区域日降水量。寻找一个合适的区域日降水量计算方法是目前少资料大型流域分布式水文模型模拟成功的关键。  相似文献   

龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带构造解析与川西前陆盆地的发育   总被引：57，自引：2，他引：55  

贾东  陈竹新  贾承造  魏国齐  李本亮  张惬  魏东涛  沈扬 《高校地质学报》2003,9(3):402-410

通过详细的野外地质调查和精细的地震剖面构造解析。揭示了龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带的基本构造特征。对比分析了龙门山北段与南段构造变形几何学和运动学的差异。提出龙门山北段主要表现为一系列复杂的逆冲推覆构造,晚三叠纪变形强于新生代;龙门山南段则以基底卷入的叠瓦状冲断为特点,晚白垩纪-早第三纪变形尤为突出。与前陆褶皱冲断带相对应的是,川西晚三叠纪时期的周缘前陆盆地主要表现在整个龙门山褶皱冲断带的前渊地区;而晚白垩纪-早第三纪再生前陆盆地却局限在川西盆地的南部,并且印-藏碰撞的持续挤压作用使得晚新生代构造变形不断向东扩展进入川西盆地南部。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系含水层沉积学初探   总被引：21，自引：5，他引：16  

谢渊 王剑殷跃平  武选民文冬光江新胜  罗建宁魏伦武李明辉  郑万模 《地质通报》2003,22(10):818-828

“含水层沉积学”是沉积学、水文地质学、油气储层地质学、地球化学等相互交叉综合的产物,是以沉积学、水文地质学理论为基础,以沉积含水层为主要研究对象,以查明地下水赋存和循环条件、地下水系统结构特征、地下水水质成因与分布以及地下水富集规律为主要研究内容,最终服务于地下水资源勘查评价的一门边缘分支学科。含水层沉积学及水文地质综合研究表明,受到沉积相类型及其空间展布的明显控制,鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系地下水赋存、循环、富集条件以及地下水水质分布总体具有北好南差、盆地南部具有下好上差的宏观规律。  相似文献   

冀北滦平盆地大店子组中网雕饰叶肢介Clithrograpta属的发现及其意义   总被引：10，自引：7，他引：3  

牛绍武  李佩贤等 《地质通报》2003,22(2):95-104

在深入研究滦平盆地大店子组叶肢介化石时,于该组上部首次发现了网雕饰叶肢介Clithrograpta属,产出层数多,个体数量大,种的分异度高,为冀北滦平盆地大店子组的地层划分与对比,正确建立冀北-辽西陆相侏罗-白垩系的地层格架,提供了关键而有力的古生物证据。根据这一发现和大北沟组至西瓜园组叶肢介化石组合序列,本区大店子组上部（3-4段）可与辽西建昌盆地“义县组”下部（原大新房子组）对比;证明辽西地区缺失相当于本区的大店子组下部（1-2段）地层,西瓜园组大体相当于辽西的义县组。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷盐湖盆地油气富集规律研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

陈发亮  陈业全  魏生祥  杜劲松  杨小波  李绪涛  游洪文 《盐湖研究》2003,11(4):33-38

国内外油气勘探实践表明,含盐盆地的油气富集和分布与盆地内沉积的盐岩密切相关。东濮凹陷是我国东部地区典型的含盐油气富集盆地,作者通过深入研究其地层层序特征及盐岩纵横向分布特点,进一步剖析了盐岩沉积的主要控制因素及其与生储盖层的关系,搞清了含盐盆地油气的分布和富集与盐岩的关系,指出无论在垂向上还是横向上,东濮凹陷盐岩一般都与暗色烃源岩共生,而且盐岩与同期沉积的砂岩表现为长消关系。研究认为盐岩可作为油气上盖或侧向遮挡,与源岩、储集层可组成良好的生储盖配置关系,利于油气富集区带的形成,对构造和隐蔽油气藏的形成都发挥了积极的作用,并指出与盐岩有关的文东北部和胡状集地区是下一步挖潜的有利勘探方向。研究成果也可为国内外同类含盐盆地的油气勘探提供一定的借鉴经验。  相似文献