南黄海盆地北部坳陷白垩系沉积特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曲希玉  刘立  陈建文  李刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,35(4):443-448

通过钻井和地震最新资料的对比研究表明,南黄海盆地北部坳陷白垩系的沉积特征沉积范围由下白垩世到中白垩世逐渐扩大,再到上白垩世又逐渐缩小。这说明南黄海盆地北部坳陷白垩纪经历了一次水进和水退的过程,并且南黄海盆地北部坳陷白垩纪普遍发育湖泊相沉积。白垩系在全区的残留面积为39 675 km²,最大残留厚度为5 200 m,有利于有机质的生成和转化,预示了白垩系较好的生油能力。  相似文献   

北方气旋变化及其对西北地区天气气候的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王遂缠  李栋梁 《冰川冻土》2003,25(5):526-532

利用1957—1990年的地面天气图资料统计了北方气旋活动频次,分析了北方气旋的若干气候统计特征及其与西北地区天气气候的对应关系.结果表明,北方气旋发生频次在20世纪50年代末呈上升趋势,60—70年代处在下降通道中,尤其是冬季和秋季下降最为明显.春季北方气旋活动频次增加时,当年西北地区夏季降水明显偏少;北方气旋频次的减少是我国沙尘天气减少的重要原因之一.  相似文献   

天山山区与南、北疆近40a来的年温度变化特征比较研究   总被引：21，自引：7，他引：14  

袁玉江  何清  魏文寿  喻树龙 《中国沙漠》2003,23(5):521-526

分析天山山区近40 a来年温度变化的基本特征,并与南疆、北疆进行比较,其结果是:(1)天山山区年平均温度在冷暖变化阶段上与北疆的相似性强于南疆。(2)新疆三大区域年平均温度的最主要空间分布特征均是同步变化,但同步性的程度北疆较好,南疆及天山山区较差;而空间分布的反向变化性,南疆及天山山区较好,北疆较差。(3)三大区域年平均温度的年代际变化趋势是不同的,但均以20世纪90年代为最暖。(4)近40 a的显著线性增温趋势以年平均最低温度及年平均温度表现得空间范围最广,年平均最高温度最差;年平均温度的长期增温率以北疆最大,天山山区和南疆较小;年平均最低温度的10 a增温率变化在0.34~0.37℃之间。(5)三大区域最佳升温趋势出现的时段比较一致,增温率以北疆为最大,天山山区和南疆相同。(6)北疆与南疆年平均温度分别在1960年和1978年发生了由低向高的突变。  相似文献   

南海北部大陆架盆地热结构   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

张健  宋海斌 《地质力学学报》2001,7(3):238-244

南海北部大陆架盆地地热研究发现,各盆地深部温度结构和地壳热流在地表热流中所占比例不均一。其中,珠江口盆地地壳热流贡献小于25%,由陆向洋方向递减;莺歌海盆地中部地壳热流贡献小于30%,向NE方向递增;北部湾盆地地壳热流贡献在38%~42%之间稳定变化。分析表明,此区各盆地热结构的不均一性与大陆架地壳减薄、软流圈热物质上涌等因素有关。   相似文献   

Study of solute sources and evolution of hydrogeochemical processes of the Chhota Shigri Glacier meltwaters,Himachal Himalaya,India     

Parmanand Sharma  Jose Pottakkal 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):1128-1143

Abstract

This study was carried out from 2003 to 2007 to understand the hydrogeochemical processes and the solute sources of the meltwaters of the Chhota Shigri Glacier, Himalaya. The meltwater is almost neutral to slightly alkaline in nature: bicarbonate and sulphate are the dominant anions, while calcium and magnesium are the dominant cations. Bicarbonate is found to be derived from carbonate weathering and partly from silicate weathering. Rock weathering followed by precipitation are the main controlling factors that influence the meltwater chemistry of this region. The relatively high values of pCO₂ reflect a higher rate of solubility in comparison to release of excess CO₂ gas to the atmosphere. The presence of active hydrogeochemical processes and sediment–water interaction results in excess solute transport through the meltwater to the Chandra River that feeds the Chenab, one of the great Himalayan river systems, and ultimately flows into the ocean. This study is the first of its kind to understand in detail the hydrogeochemical process and resultant solute load transport in this Himalayan glacier.

Citation Sharma, P., Ramanathan, A.L., and Pottakkal, J., 2013. Study of solute sources and evolution of hydrogeochemical processes of the Chhota Shigri Glacier meltwaters, Himachal Himalaya, India. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (5), 1128–1143.

Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz  相似文献   

An insight into the dynamics of Lake Nainital (Kumaun Himalaya,India) using stable isotope data / Un aperçu de la dynamique du Lac Nainital (Himalaya Kumaun,Inde) à partir de données isotopiques stables     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)

Abstract

Abstract The water balance of Lake Nainital in the Kumaun Himalaya, India was previously computed using water budgeting and other indirect methods. An important data set of stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of water sources of the lake region was also presented and used to verify the annual estimates of subsurface flow/water balance. In the present study, the same data set has been used to investigate the dynamics of this lake in terms of the seasonal processes operative during the annual hydrological cycle: increased inflow during the monsoon, delayed groundwater inflow, and stratification and mixing of water. Based on the available data, a simple two-box model was used to constrain the values of exchange coefficients between the hypolimnion and epilimnion layers and to estimate evaporation and outflow components from the isotopic data.  相似文献   

南海北部陆架南北卫浅滩的成因及油气地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

栾锡武  孙钿奇  彭学超 《地质学报》2012,86(4):626-640

世界范围内的陆架调查已经清楚,陆架浅滩是普遍发育于陆架区的一种海底地貌类型。在中国陆架上发育多个知名浅滩,这些浅滩和现今动力条件处于动态平衡状态,为现今潮流沉积体系。然而,南海北部陆架的南北卫浅滩在地貌上被称为陆架浅滩,但其成因却和其他陆架浅滩有着根本不同。根据地震剖面解释结果,本文指出,南海北部珠江口东南陆架上发育的南卫滩、北卫滩和惠州滩都属于构造地形,其下部各对应一个底辟构造。这3个底辟构造并不是孤立的,而是在深部属于同一个较大的背冲构造。这个背冲构造位于南北卫滩的下方,其上几个突出的底辟,则和本文讨论的南卫滩、北卫滩和惠州滩相对应。南卫滩、北卫滩和惠州滩在成因上具有统一的深部背景,从而在平面上构成一个统一的底辟系统,本文称为南北卫滩底辟系统。该底辟系统以北卫滩为中心,包括南卫滩、惠州滩和陆丰滩,形成一个大致呈圆形,直径约50km的区域。在构造上,该底辟系统位于珠一坳陷和东沙隆起之间。南北卫滩底辟系统的发育起因于东沙隆起后在南海东北部形成的挤压应力环境。底辟系统的发育活化了惠陆-东沙含油气系统的输导层,并重新调整了油气运移的势差和势梯度,在环绕南北卫滩底辟系统一定距离的圆周上形成一个有利于油气聚集的环带。已知的油气田基本分布于这个环带上。下一步的油气勘探方向应该考虑围绕这个环带重点展开。同时,应该考虑在南北卫滩底辟系统的中心带内开展气藏的勘探工作。  相似文献   

Widespread relics of high-pressure metamorphism confirm major terrane accretion in Ecuador: a new example from the Northern Andes     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(1):67-80

Metamorphic rocks from two sections through the North Andean Cordillera Real in Ecuador contain phengites as relics of high-pressure (HP) metamorphism. Their maximum Si contents per formula unit are (1) 3.25 in Al-rich metapelites, (2) 3.35 in ordinary metapelites and garnet-rich metabasites, and (3) 3.45 in garnet-bearing orthogneisses. Detailed pressure–temperature paths were derived by calculating P–T pseudosections. Garnet-bearing metapelite and metabasite yielded a P–T path starting at 1.4 GPa and 525°C. Peak temperature conditions were 560°C at <1.4 GPa. The retrograde path passed through 0.7–0.8 GPa at 500°C. An adjacent metagranitoid experienced a similar P–T evolution at slightly lower temperatures of about 30–50°C. This is the first reported occurrence of HP metamorphism in the Cordillera Real; it is widespread and evidently was the result of continental collision. We hypothesize that a single microcontinent collided with the South American continental margin in Early Cretaceous time. In contrast to our findings, previous models have simply suggested the amalgamation of several terranes in the late Mesozoic or earlier in the region of Ecuador. Therefore, we propose that a widespread search for HP relics should be undertaken. Such relics provide a general criterion for defining subducted terranes and their respective boundaries.  相似文献   

Aeolian construction and alluvial dismantling of a fault‐bounded intracontinental aeolian dune field (Teruel Basin,Spain); a continental perspective on Late Pliocene climate change and variability     

JUAN PEDRO RODRÍGUEZ‐LÓPEZ  CARLOS L. LIESA  JAN VAN DAM  PALOMA LAFUENTE  LUIS ARLEGUI  LOPE EZQUERRO  POPPE L. DE BOER 《Sedimentology》2012,59(5):1536-1567

An aeolian dune field migrating to the east encroached on the toes of alluvial fans in the Teruel Basin (eastern Spain) during a short interval in the Late Pliocene (ca 2·9 to 2·6 Ma), when Northern Hemisphere glaciation and strong glacial–interglacial cycles began. Preservation of the dune field was controlled by syn‐sedimentary activity of a normal fault. Ephemeral water discharge eroded aeolian sands and formed V‐shaped channels in which aeolian sandstone blocks accumulated. The incorporation of loose aeolian sand in wadi waters modified the sediment/water ratio, changing the physical properties of the flows as they penetrated the aeolian dune field. The erosion and cover of aeolian dune foresets by sheetflood deposits suggest that dune‐damming caused the intermittent ponding of water behind the dunes and its flashy release. The arid climate in the Late Pliocene western Mediterranean realm favoured the transport of windblown sediments from northern Africa and western Mediterranean land masses into the Mediterranean. The formation of the studied aeolian dune field (2·9 to 2·6 Ma) and possibly others (for example, the Atacama, Namib and Sahara deserts) correlates with a strong increase of the influence of obliquity, which can be attributed to the combination of a regional expression related to the reduced effect of precession due to a minimum in the long‐period (2·3 Ma) eccentricity cycle and a remote expression of the onset of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation.  相似文献   

Palaeobiogeographic implications of Late Bajocian-Late Callovian (Middle Jurassic) dinoflagellate cysts from the Central Alborz Mountains, northern Iran     

Ebrahim Ghasemi-Nejad  Hossein SabbaghiyanHossein Mosaddegh 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2012,43(1):1-10

The Dalichai Formation with an age of Late Bajocian-Late Callovian was sampled in Central Alborz Mountains of northern Iran and studied for palynological, palaeobiogeographical and palynocorrelation purposes. Palynological studies revealed diverse and well-preserved dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and lead to identification of three zones i.e., Cribroperidiniumcrispum (Late Bajocian), Dichadogonyaulaxsellwoodii (Bathonian to Early Callovian) and Ctenidodiniumcontinuum (Early to Middle Callovian) Zones. Subzone a of the D. sellwoodii Zone (Early to Middle Bathonian) was also differentiated. This biozonation corresponds to those recognised in Northwest Europe. Furthermore, the ammonoid families recorded including Phylloceratidae, Oppeliidae, Reineckeiidae, Perisphinctidae, Haploceratidae, Parkinsoniidae and Sphaeroceratidae, which confirm the Late Bajocian to Late Callovian age, are quite similar to those of Northwest Europe and the northwestern Tethys. The close similarities of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and ammonite fauna of northern Iran with those of Northwest Europe and the northwestern Tethys during the Middle Jurassic indicate direct but episodic marine connection and faunal exchange between the two areas.  相似文献