Late Oligocene Sedimentary Hiatus in Deep Sea Area of South China Sea, Result of Calcareous Nannofossils from ODP Site 1148     

SuXin 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(1):69-74

In order to determine the age of the sedimentary hiatus and its geological significance, a study of the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy was carried out. Detailed strutigraphical data of the Late Oligocene-Eariy Miocene diagnostic species thus obtained. The nannofossil zonation of this interval was subdivided and the Oligocene-Miocene boundary was further determined. Several last Late Oligocene events were recognized, indicating a long-term sedimentary hiatus in the uppermost Upper Oligocene.The time span of the hiatus was estimated for about 2.2 Ma, at least from 23. 9 to 26. 1 Ma. The lithological and geophysical data from Site 1148 indicate some abrupt sedimentary changes that occurred below and above the hiatus. This hiatus at Site 1148 was probably related to the tectonic change, a major ridg ejmnp during the seafloor spreading in the Late Oligocene South China Sea.  相似文献   

A new type of primitive baleen whale (Cetacea; Mysticeti) from Kyushu, Japan     

Yoshihko  Okazaki 《Island Arc》1994,3(4):432-435

Abstract An important and relatively complete fossil mysticete cetacean specimen was collected from the Oligocene age Ashiya Group in Kyushu, Japan. The specimen includes a complete skull, with the anterior part of the vertebral column, several ribs, and the left pectoral limb. It provides significant information about the early evolution of cetotheres and transitional steps from the Archaeoceti to Mysticeti. Several features of the specimen, such as the anterior position of the nasal opening and large mandibular foramen, are primitive, but others are derived, such as the wide maxilla, broad supraorbital process of the frontal, occipital shield overhanging the temporal fossae, and the flat articulation of the distal end of the humerus. This animal, therefore, has a mixture of primitive and derived characters. It represents a stage of evolution in mysticetes that has been previously unrecognized.  相似文献   

Microfacies Analysis and Paleoecology of the Oligocene Succession in a Central Tethyan Carbonate Platform,Zagros Basin,SW Iran     

Tahereh HABIBI 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(5):1634-1646

Two stratigraphic sections (Arjooieh and Firoozabad) of the Mymand anticline, located in the Interior Fars sub-basin of the Zagros Mountains, were measured and sampled, in order to document sedimentological characteristics, microfacies types and paleo-seagrasses indicators of the Oligocene succession (Asmari Fm.). Planktonic and benthic foraminifera and coralline red algae are the principal fossils from these strata. Foraminifera are represented by the following families: Soritidae, Peneroplidae, Austrotrillinidae, Alveolinidae, Planorbulinidae, Discorbidae, Lepidocyclinidae, Amphisteginidae, Rotaliidae, Nummulitidae and Globigerinidae. Nine microfacies types were recognized, namely planktonic foraminifera-peloidal packstone (MF1), bioclast nummulitid/Nerorotalia/Amphistegina?packstone-grainstone-rudstone-floatstone (MF2),?Neorotalia-echinoid coralline red algae packstone-grainstone (MF3), coral boundstone (MF4), coral/coralline red algae rudstone-floatstone-packstone-grainstone (MF5), diverse imperforate foraminifera bioclast packstone-grainstone (MF6), peloid wackestone-packstone-grainstone (MF7), fenestrated mudstone and microbial mats (MF8) and anhydrite (MF9). MF1 indicates an outer ramp, MFs 2-4 represent a mid-ramp and MFs 5–9 are interpreted as inner ramp environment. Paleo-seagrass indicators consisting of foraminifera, hooked and tabular forms of coralline red algae and corals. They were identified in MFs 5 and 6, reflecting the presence of vegetated environments within the mid/inner ramp setting.?The Mymand anticline was dominated by the outer ramp environment at the start of the Rupelian. Mid to inner ramp environments prevailed during the Rupelian. The Chattian corresponds to the spread of the inner ramp setting over the Mymand anticline.  相似文献   

三水盆地中渐新世火山记录的新建与南海扩张     

袁晓博  方念乔 《地质通报》2019,38(4):689-695

三水盆地是南海北部邻区陆域唯一具有新生代火山活动记录的盆地,最晚一期火山喷发时间是38Ma,也是南海北部陆域已知的在南海扩张之前最晚的火山喷发年代。应用K-Ar同位素年代测定方法,首次发现三水盆地存在29.27±1.52Ma的玄武岩和28.25±1.14Ma的流纹岩,构造判别图解指示其产出环境是板内拉张,与盆地之前火山类型一致,为双峰式火山岩,玄武岩具有与洋岛玄武岩相似的地球化学特征,流纹岩具有与A型花岗岩相似的地球化学特征,且玄武岩与流纹岩均与其他地区地幔柱成因火山岩具有相似的地球化学特征。这一代表板内破裂的双峰式火山记录将南海北部陆缘的火山喷发活动从早先已知的古新世—中始新世延续至渐新世中期,众所周知,南海的开裂起始时间约在32Ma,对于南海扩张期间周边陆域是否存在相关联的火山活动及建立南海早期开裂模式具有重要意义。  相似文献   

坦桑尼亚盆地渐新统深水重力流沉积特征及控制因素^*          下载免费PDF全文

郭笑  李华  梁建设  邱春光  解东宁  冯鑫  饶溯  何幼斌 《古地理学报》2019,21(6):971-982

近年来,在东非坦桑尼亚盆地深水区相继发现大型气藏,但其沉积特征、形成机理及主控因素研究较为薄弱。综合利用钻井、测井及二维地震资料,对其沉积特征进行分析,发现研究区渐新统发育深水重力流沉积,包括水道、堤岸、朵叶等,并以水道—朵叶沉积为主。根据水道的发育位置、外部形态、内部构型、沉积方式等,将其进一步分为复合型、侧向迁移型、垂向加积型和孤立型水道。研究区渐新统自南向北重力流沉积特征存在差异: 盆地南部以小规模孤立型水道、朵叶沉积为主,呈近SW-NE向展布;盆地中部以复合型、垂向加积型、侧向迁移型水道、朵叶沉积为主,整体呈NW-SE向展布;盆地北部以侧向迁移型水道、堤岸及朵叶沉积为主,展布方向与中部基本一致。针对南北差异,以源-汇系统耦合关系研究为主旨,对盆地各部源-汇系统要素进行对比分析,结果表明,研究区深水重力流沉积体系的发育与展布主要受构造运动(构造抬升、洋中脊扩张运动、断层活动)、供源体系、陆架—陆坡地形3大因素共同控制。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地西部文昌B凹陷晚始新-早渐新世复杂储层沉积特征及低渗成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李珊珊  彭松  陈林  李胜勇  李连义  刘小燕 《现代地质》2019,33(2):357-369

珠江口盆地西部文昌B凹陷晚始新-早渐新世构造沉积充填演化复杂,受珠三南断裂持续活动影响发育多期次、多点物源的扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积,具有纵向频繁叠置、横向非均质性强的复杂特点。由构造-沉积演化历史研究入手,分析断裂活动时间和差异性对沉积格局、物源注入和储层展布的影响,从而与沉积内幕表现出的复杂性结合来分析垂向相序变化和平面储层展布规律,并开展低渗成因的定量化剖析与探讨,在此基础上对优质储层和有利勘探区带的预测促进了本区油气新发现,也进一步提升了中深层的评价价值。研究得出,文昌B凹陷在文昌组发育两大物源体系,分别形成陡坡带以酸性喷出岩为母岩的扇三角洲和缓坡带以花岗岩为母岩的辫状河三角洲沉积,且后者受母岩类型差异、牵引流为主的沉积机制以及构造挤压应力变弱等因素影响储层物性明显偏好。恩平组纵向上可识别出4期扇三角洲,自下而上呈现多期朵叶体频繁迁移摆动迹象,其中沉积水动力条件和南断裂带差异活动是影响平面储层非均质性的重要因素。因此,在厘定沉积机制和岩相变化为储层物性影响的先决条件这一认识背景下,最终确定以地震相差异与沉积相、岩相的细致对比分析为核心来多角度深入剖析沉积内幕与低渗成因机制应是适合本区中深层的技术体系,并进一步精准预测了"甜点"储层的探寻方向。而在此认识基础上的油气成藏条件再认识,能更成功地指导珠江口盆地西部油气勘探新层系的发现,坚定了文昌B凹陷中深层继续向北拓展勘探的信心。  相似文献   

Evolution of Late Oligocene - Early Miocene attached and isolated carbonate platforms in a volcanic ridge context (Maldives type), Yadana field,offshore Myanmar     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

This study investigates the stratigraphic evolution of the Late Oligocene - Early Miocene carbonate platforms of the Yadana area (offshore Myanmar). Well data, regional 2D and local 3D seismic surveys allow the identification of three shallow-water carbonate platforms (Yadana, 3DF and 3DE) showing various morphologic and stratigraphic patterns influenced by the presence of a paleohigh. The identification of seven seismic sequences in the Yadana area constrains the stratigraphic evolution in three stages: (1) development of aggrading attached and isolated platforms during the Chattian; (2) a period of platform emersion during the Oligocene - Miocene transition; (3) drowning of the smaller buildup (3DE) associated with km-scale backstepping on the large platforms (3DF and Yadana) during the Aquitanian. The Aquitanian marks the onset of renewed volcanic activity associated with the development of fringing carbonate reefs during the Burdigalian. The rapid (∼6 My) development of these wide (∼5–70 km) and thick (∼300–850 m) carbonate platforms has been mainly controlled by the subsidence. However, the results highlight a strong overprint of eustatic fluctuations on the rates of change in accommodation, and hence on the stratigraphic architecture of the carbonate platforms. Based on an alternative model for the Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Yadana area, our results suggest that the platforms developed on a volcanic ridge of hotspot origin located in the Indian Ocean and not on a volcanic arc. Subduction jump processes are interpreted to have played a key role in the demise of all platforms by drastically changing the paleoenvironmental conditions during the Early Miocene, and led to the present-day location of the Yadana Ridge in a back-arc setting. The carbonate platforms from the Yadana area are thus a representative example of the interplay between global mechanisms and local paleoenvironmental parameters on carbonate platform initiation, growth and demise.  相似文献   

青海循化盆地晚渐新世沉积物中坡缕石的特征及其古气候指示意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

殷科  洪汉烈  李荣彪  强泰  张克信  王锦荣 《现代地质》2010,24(1):187-194

采用X射线衍射和扫描电子分析方法,对青海循化盆地晚渐新世沉积物的矿物组成、坡缕石的矿物学特征以及古气候指示作用进行了深入的研究。结果表明,晚渐新世循化盆地沉积物中粘土矿物组成主要有蒙脱石、伊利石、坡缕石和绿泥石等;坡缕石一般呈纤维状或者针状,沿片状蒙脱石的边缘及表面交代生长,为典型自生成因的坡缕石。坡缕石是干旱-半干旱气候条件的特征矿物,其出现表明循化地区晚渐新世气候特征较为干旱,与粘土矿物组合及伊利石结晶度所反映的气候环境信息相吻合;沉积物中坡缕石相对含量及有序度自下而上逐渐增大,说明循化地区的干旱化逐渐加剧。循化地区晚渐新世(～23 Ma)的干旱化可能与青藏高原隆升或者全球气候变冷事件密切相关。  相似文献   

Early Oligocene alkaline lamprophyric dykes from the Jandaq area (Isfahan Province,Central Iran): Evidence of Central–East Iranian microcontinent confining oceanic crust subduction     

Ghodrat Torabi 《Island Arc》2010,19(2):277-291

The Jandaq lamprophyres occur as eight mostly parallel dykes, which cross‐cut Eocene volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Pis‐Kuh Formation in dominant north to south direction. These lamprophyres are mainly composed of kaersutite, clinopyroxene, olivine, feldspar, ilmenite, and spinel as primary minerals. The rocks studied here are enriched in alkalis, TiO₂, large ion lithophile elements, and light rare‐earth elements (LREE), with SiO₂ content between 41.7 and 46.2 wt%, and are classified as camptonite and alkaline lamprophyre according to the mineralogical and chemical characteristics. These rocks exhibit positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.08–1.39) and are characterized by strong enrichment in LREE relative to heavy REEs, and also by varied Zr/Hf ratios. The geochemical features of the rocks suggest that the lamprophyre magmas were derived from low‐degree melting of an amphibole garnet lherzolite that experienced strong metasomatism by carbonate‐rich fluids in response to dehydration melting from the subducted slab. The Jandaq lamprophyric magmatism has been attributed to the former subduction of the Central–East Iranian microcontinent confining oceanic crust from the Triassic to Eocene, and decompression melting induced by the extensional basin of the Jandaq area in the early Oligocene.  相似文献   

Oligocene and Early Miocene coral faunas from Iran: palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography     

F. Schuster  U. Wielandt 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(3):571-581

 Oligocene and Early Miocene coral assemblages from three sections of central Iran are investigated with respect to their palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographic implications. These corals are compared with faunas from the Mediterranean Tethys and the Indopacific. Associated larger foraminifers are used for biostratigraphy and to support the palaeoecological interpretation. The studied sections are situated in the foreland basins of the Iranian Plate which is structured into a fore-arc and a back-arc basin separated by a volcanic arc. The coral assemblages from Abadeh indicate a shallowing-upward trend. Infrequently distributed solitary corals at the base of the section indicate a turbid environment. Above, a distinct horizon characterised by a Leptoseris-Stylophora assemblage associated with lepidocyclinids and planktonic foraminifers is interpreted as maximum flooding surface. Small patch reefs with a Porites-Faviidae assemblage are a common feature of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene coral occurrences and indicate water depths of less than 20 m. The diversity of the coral faunas shows marked differences. Oligocene corals from the Esfahan-Sirjan fore-arc basin comprise more than 45 species of 32 genera and occur in a wide range of environments. Early Miocene corals from the Qom back-arc basin are less frequent, show a lower diversity (13 genera with 15 species) and occur in single horizons or small patch reefs. Received: 4 December 1998 / Accepted: 3 June 1999  相似文献