Petrography and geochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene limestones in the Ching-dar syncline, eastern Iran     

S.HalimehHashemiAzizi  GholamrezaMirabShabestari  AhmadrezaKhazaei 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(3):429-438

The Ching-dar syncline is located to the west of the city of Birjand, in the east of han. The ca. 500 m thick studied section at the eastern flank of the syncline contains a sequence of almost continuous shallow- marine limestones that exhibit no major sedimentary breaks or evidence for volcanic activity. Skeletal grains consist of large benthic foraminifera and green algae whereas non-skeletal grains are mostly peloids and intraclasts. They were deposited on a shallow-marine carbonate ramp. The limestones have undergone extensive diagenetic processes with varying intensities, the most important of which are micritization, cementation, compaction （chemical and mechanical）, internal filling and stylolitization. Chemical analysis of the limestone samples revealed high calcium and low magnesium content. Major and minor element values were used to determine the original carbonate mineralogy of these lime- stones. Petrographic evidence and elemental values indicate that calcite was the original carbonate mineral in the limestones of the Ching-dar syncline. The elemental composition of the Ching-dar car- bonates also demonstrates that they have stabilized in a meteoric phreatic environment. Variation of Sr/ Ca vs. Mn values suggests that diagenetic alteration occurred in an open geochemical system.  相似文献   

宿县矿区太原组灰岩岩溶发育特征     

郑晨  吴基文  路飞 《地下水》2014,(6)

为发现宿县矿区太原组灰岩岩溶发育特征,通过对矿区内太原组灰岩厚度、钻孔岩芯岩溶发育形态描述以及井下钻、物探等资料的分析,得出太原组灰岩岩溶在平面上的分布特征为：宿东向斜内整体上来说岩溶发育较差,位于宿南向斜内的桃园煤矿岩溶发育好,祁南矿、祁东矿岩溶较发育,祁南深部、龙南及龙北矿岩溶发育较差,邹庄矿、钱营孜矿和骑路孙矿岩溶发育差;太原组灰岩岩溶在垂向上的分布特征为：在整个矿区内三、四灰岩溶发育程度和灰岩富水性较一、二灰强。  相似文献   

云南省兰坪县来龙铅锌矿控矿因素     

邹绍丹  赵贤  赵庆红 《云南地质》2014,33(3):336-339

来龙铅锌矿属热液脉型铅锌矿床,矿体产于上三叠统三合洞组（T3s）灰岩层间破碎带中,矿体受断裂破碎带控制明显.围岩蚀变有硅化、白云石化、方解石化、炭化、褐铁矿化等.其中白云石化、方解石化、褐铁矿化与成矿较密切.  相似文献   

安徽巢北地区栖霞组臭灰岩段富有机质成因探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陆鹿  李壮福  康鹏  张新 《地质论评》2014,60(1):71-79

以安徽巢北地区二叠纪栖霞组臭灰岩段为研究对象,从岩石学、古生物学及沉积学特征出发,探讨臭灰岩段富有机质与风暴事件沉积之间的关系。臭灰岩段岩性整体为灰黑色中厚层状石灰岩,层间夹数毫米至数厘米厚灰黑色钙质泥岩,整套岩层富含有机质;其中生物化石丰富,整体为热带、亚热带正常盐度浅水生物组合为特征;为正常浅海碳酸盐岩台地沉积,沉积期表现为一个明显的海侵过程,并受风暴作用的频繁扰动。臭灰岩段沉积环境并非“贫氧或缺氧”条件,而是正常富氧环境。富有机质特征一方面得益于沉积期较高的生物产率,同时还与风暴事件沉积作用密切相关,即在风暴作用下,沉积物发生快速堆积,有机质未来得及与富氧水体发生长期接触即被埋藏覆盖,从而导致有机质被良好保存,形成臭灰岩段富有机质特征。风暴作用频发与研究区臭灰岩段沉积期所处的低纬度特征有关。  相似文献   

岩溶生态系统中的土壤   总被引：149，自引：2，他引：149  

曹建华  袁道先  潘根兴 《地球科学进展》2003,18(1):37-044

在偏碱富钙的岩溶生态系统中,其土壤具以下特征：①形成速率十分缓慢,形成1 m厚的土层需要250～7 880 ka,因而对岩溶区土壤侵蚀的评价应有新的认识;②高含量的钙离子使土壤腐殖质中胡敏酸的含量比例较高,且稳定性好,不易分解的腐殖质使石灰土供应营养元素具缓效性;③微量营养元素含量及有效态具有不平衡性,且随钙镁含量的降低,其有效率显著提高;④粘粒含量高,当有机质含量高时,具有良好的团粒结构,有较好的供水、供肥能力,反之其团粒结构就失去稳定性,使土壤有效水含量、抵御水土流失的能力降低;⑤岩溶地貌制约石灰土的类型及分布,并延缓其向地带性土壤演化。因此石灰土资源的有效利用应从岩溶学、土壤学与植物学相互协调的角度进行生态经济规划。  相似文献   

塔河地区鹰山组灰岩白云石化成因及其对储层的影响     

韩银学  李忠  刘嘉庆  彭守涛 《地质科学》2013,48(3):721-731

白云石化是碳酸盐典型的成岩作用类型之一,中-下奥陶统鹰山组浅海碳酸盐岩是塔河地区重要的含油气储层,普遍发育多种类型的白云石化作用。本文针对塔河地区鹰山组灰岩中沿缝合线分布这一特定类型的白云石化进行了研究。岩石学基础上的阴极发光分析、⁸⁶Sr/⁸⁷Sr比值以及δ¹³C-δ¹⁸O 的研究表明,这种类型的白云石化发育于相对还原的浅埋藏成岩环境,孔隙中的残留海水是主要的白云石化流体来源,碳酸盐矿物(主要是高镁方解石)稳定化过程中释放的Mg²⁺ 可能是白云石化主要的物质来源,而埋藏过程中逐渐升高的温度一定程度上也促进了白云石化的发生。成岩流体及Mg²⁺ 有限的供给量限制了白云石化作用的整体规模。显微结构与岩石物性分析表明,该类白云石化对储层物性参数的绝对贡献相对有限,但可能成为小规模油气运移以及深部热流体活动的潜在通道。  相似文献   

Conodont distributions,and ages of Silurian and Devonian limestones in the Palmers Oakey district,N.S.W.     

G. C. O. Bischoff  C. L. Fergusson 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4):469-476

Limestones in the Palmers Oakey District, N.S.W., range in age from Middle Silurian to Early Devonian. They occur as sheet‐like, bioclastic beds and/or isolated clasts in three facies: a volcaniclastic facies, a mudstone‐limestone facies, and a limestone‐mudstone breccia facies. Multielement conodont taxa, not previously reported from Australia, include Kockelella absidata, Kockelella stauros, Ozarkodina asymmetrica, Ozarkodina stygia, Ozarkodina transitans, Pseudooneotodus bicornis, and Pseudooneotodus tricornis.  相似文献   

Subaerial disconformities,microkarst and paleosols in Ordovician limestones at Bowan Park and Cliefden Caves,New South Wales,and their geoheritage significance     

V. Semeniuk  I. G. Percival  M. Brocx 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(6):891-906

The Ordovician Daylesford Limestone at Bowan Park and the Fossil Hill Limestone at Cliefden Caves have diagenetic and pedogenic features of microkarst, paleosols and calcrete associated with subaerial disconformities in their stratigraphic sequences, all of which, as an ensemble, have global geoheritage significance. The original shelly limestones, lime mudstones, and coralline limestones have selectively dissolved to form vugular limestone whose cavities have filled with sparry calcite and/or crystal silt. The limestones also have been calcretised to develop massive and laminar calcrete and calcrete ooids. Below disconformity surfaces are bleached limestone, crystal-silt and spar-filled fossil moulds and enlarged moulds, micro-breccia-filled moulds and fissures filled with crystal silt, calcrete pellets and calcrete ooids. The disconformity surfaces are irregular or undulating interfaces between lithologies, fissures and fissure-fills, and calcrete. Above disconformities there are limestone lithoclasts, remanié fossils, calcreted limestone, veined limestone, calcrete ooids, laminated calcrete, lithoclast grainstone, or calcrete-ooid grainstone, and lithoclasts with fossils moulds filled with crystal silt and/or spar. The lithological, stratigraphic and possibly landscape differences, make the subaerial diagenesis/pedogenesis in the Daylesford Limestone subtly different to that of the Fossil Hill Limestone. Subaerial disconformities and associated diagenesis/pedogenesis, as recorded in these formations, are not widely reported globally nor well represented in Ordovician limestones. The microkarst features provide insights into the types of subaerial diagenesis/pedogenesis during the Ordovician and into climate, landscape setting, paleohydrology, and groundwater/rainwater alkalinity. Consequently, the story of the Ordovician microkarst, paleosols and calcrete ooids is unique and globally of geoheritage significance as examples of subaerial alteration in an ancient high-rainfall, tropical climate volcanic island environment in a tectonically active region.  相似文献   

贵州紫云泥盆系重晶石矿床中与古甲烷渗漏事件有关的球状灰岩成因厘定     

张旭  高军波  杨瑞东  陈军  郑禄林  魏怀瑞  鲍淼 《地质论评》2017,63(3):630-642

关于古代冷泉碳酸盐岩的报道主要集中于新元古代"盖帽"碳酸盐岩和晚古生代以来(特别是石炭纪以来)的沉积地层中,与沉积矿床伴生的冷泉碳酸盐岩的研究鲜有报道。本文通过对贵州紫云泥盆系大型重晶石矿床中新发现的球状、椭球状灰岩进行详细地野外观察,并结合矿物学、元素地球化学和C—O同位素研究,探讨并揭示了灰岩的成因和形成环境,以及与古甲烷渗漏事件之间的关系。结果表明:灰岩呈球状、椭球状、管状顺层产于重晶石之中及其下部地层。灰岩中发育大量类似现代海底冷泉沉积碳酸盐岩的凝块和草莓状黄铁矿;草莓状黄铁矿内部结构呈葵花状,组成葵花状的单颗黄铁矿大小基本一致,轮廓清晰。灰岩较低的δ~(13)C?(V-PDB)值(-10.3‰)表明其碳源主要为热解成因甲烷气或混合气。灰岩Ce/Ce*值除反映古沉积环境为还原状态外,也指示间歇性氧化状态的存在,这可能与甲烷气体的渗漏速率有关。  相似文献   

云南遮放地区柳湾组灰岩岩石强度测试方法研究     

涂春霖  何茂源  邹石林 《云南地质》2020,(1):103-109

分别采用回弹、点荷载和室内单轴抗压强度三种测试方法,对云南遮放地区中侏罗统柳湾组(J2l)灰岩岩石强度进行测试,结果显示该灰岩岩石强度值在47~56Mpa之间。通过对三种测试成果的对比研究,发现三者呈多项式关系,可通过经验公式相互换算。因此岩石强度研究中,将上述三种测试方法有机的结合,可获取较可靠的资料。  相似文献