Wildfire preparedness,community cohesion and social–ecological systems     

Tim Prior  Christine Eriksen 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(6):1575-1586

The consequences of wildfires are felt in susceptible communities around the globe on an annual basis. Climate change predictions in places like the south-east of Australia and western United States suggest that wildfires may become more frequent and more intense with global climate change. Compounding this issue is progressive urban development at the peri-urban fringe (wildland–urban interface), where continued infrastructure development and demographic changes are likely to expose more people and property to this potentially disastrous natural hazard. Preparing well in advance of the wildfire season is seen as a fundamental behaviour that can both reduce community wildfire vulnerability and increase hazard resilience – it is an important element of adaptive capacity that allows people to coexist with the hazardous environment in which they live. We use household interviews and surveys to build and test a substantive model that illustrates how social cohesion influences the decision to prepare for wildfire. We demonstrate that social cohesion, particularly community characteristics like ‘sense of community’ and ‘collective problem solving’, are community-based resources that support both the adoption of mechanical preparations, and the development of cognitive abilities and capacities that reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience to wildfire. We use the results of this work to highlight opportunities to transfer techniques and approaches from natural hazards research to climate change adaptation research to explore how the impacts attributed to the social components of social–ecological systems can be mitigated more effectively.  相似文献   

两个古铜辉石样品的G.P区研究     

黄婉康  康振川 《矿物学报》1989,9(2):104-111

在两个斜方辉石样品中观察到G.P.区亚稳相。内蒙古暗色辉长岩古铜辉石成分是En_(77)Fs_(18·6)Wo_(4·4),其高分辨象显示了密集的单层G.P.区;玄武岩中变辉长岩包体古铜辉石成分是En_(72·2)Fs_(25·7)Wo_(2·1),具双层G.P.区。该包体与具多层G.P.区的月岩橄长岩相似,后期冷却极快。在地体火成岩体结晶和冷却过程中易出现单层G.P.区,而岩体的大小,冷却的快慢可能影响G.P.区的密度。对N-14样品不同放大倍数的高分辨象G.P.区线密度和面密度的统计值同样具代表性。文中设想了G.P.区出溶的假二元系相图。  相似文献   

Array analysis of the large-aperture array of the 1988–89 PASSCAL Basin and Range Passive-Source Seismic Experiment     

George E. Randall  Thomas J. Owens 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,116(3):618-636

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新疆前兆震群ρ值的研究     

周仕勇  王桂岭 《内陆地震》1990,(4)

研究新疆伊宁——乌鲁木齐和乌什——库尔勒1972年以来发生的49个震群的ρ值表明,ρ<0.55可作为前兆震群的判据指标。分析了ρ<0.55标准下的前兆震群的预测能力,认为,震群序列的ρ值具有一定的预报效能。  相似文献   

Source-area environments of late Jurassic and early Cretaceous sediments in Southeast England     

C.P. Sladen  D.J. Batten 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》1984,95(2):149-163

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关于地震台站极性校正的问题     

高原  吴忠良 《地震地磁观测与研究》1995,16(1):1-5

国内外的台网中总是一些台站，其极性读取似乎是由大量台站Ｐ波初动的整体分布确定的震源机制相矛盾，这些矛盾通常被作为坏读（ｂａｄ ｒｅａｄｉｎｇ）处理，造成台站的极性问题的复杂原因究竟是什么，利用ＮＥＩＣ的核爆资料，文中给出两种可能推测：台站仪器本身的不可和地震本身的复杂性。  相似文献   

A crustal seismic velocity model for the UK, Ireland and surrounding seas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Annabel Kelly  Richard W. England  Peter K. H. Maguire 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(3):1172-1184

A regional model of the 3-D variation in seismic P -wave velocity structure in the crust of NW Europe has been compiled from wide-angle reflection/refraction profiles. Along each 2-D profile a velocity–depth function has been digitised at 5 km intervals. These 1-D velocity functions were mapped into three dimensions using ordinary kriging with weights determined to minimise the difference between digitised and interpolated values. An analysis of variograms of the digitised data suggested a radial isotropic weighting scheme was most appropriate. Horizontal dimensions of the model cells are optimised at 40 × 40 km and the vertical dimension at 1 km. The resulting model provides a higher resolution image of the 3-D variation in seismic velocity structure of the UK, Ireland and surrounding areas than existing models. The construction of the model through kriging allows the uncertainty in the velocity structure to be assessed. This uncertainty indicates the high density of data required to confidently interpolate the crustal velocity structure, and shows that for this region the velocity is poorly constrained for large areas away from the input data.  相似文献   

Epicentral distribution in 2006     

陈培善 《地震学报(英文版)》2007,20(6):714-714

For showing the epicentral distribution in and near China as well as all over the world, two epicentral maps for the earthquakes occurred last year are published annually in the 6-th issue  相似文献   

Strong earthquake activity all over the world and strong-moderate earthquake activity within and near China （June 2007-July 2007）     

陈培善 《地震学报(英文版)》2007,20(6):712-713

Illustration All the data in this catalog are chosen from the ″Preliminary Seismological Report of Chi-nese Seismic Stations″ (Its abbreviation is ″Monthly Report″). The catalog includes the events of  相似文献   

塔里木盆地晚泥盆世及石炭纪岩相古地理   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

朱如凯  罗平  罗忠 《古地理学报》2002,4(1):13-24

塔里木盆地上泥盆统及石炭系包括5个组，自下而上分别为上泥盆统东河塘组和甘木里克组，石炭系巴楚组、卡拉沙依组和小海子组。其中东河塘组和甘木里克组地质时代为晚泥盆世，巴楚组地质时代为早石炭世杜内早中期，卡拉沙依组地质时代为晚杜内中期至巴什基尔期，小海子组地层时代为巴什基尔末期至莫斯科早期。岩石类型有碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩，还有膏盐岩，并夹薄层火山碎屑岩。沉积相主要为海陆过渡相组合，包括河流、三角洲、滨岸、浅海、碳酸盐岩台地、台地边缘6种相和12种亚相及33种微相。晚泥盆世东河塘期至石炭纪发生过4次较大的海侵，海侵范围由下而上逐渐增大，至晚石炭世小海子期海侵规模最大。东河塘期开始海侵，海水由西而东侵入，此时周缘碎屑物质供应充分，主要为无障壁海岸和障壁海岸沉积，西南缘为浅海相沉积。巴楚期晚期，海侵范围进一步扩大，物源向北或北东方向退却，陆源碎屑物质注入急剧减少，形成了一套富含生屑的碳酸盐岩地层，发育了开阔台地和局限台地亚相沉积。卡拉沙依期中期海侵规模比巴楚期更大，海水深度加大，西部为开阔台地亚相沉积，其余地区为局限台地亚相沉积。卡拉沙依期晚期和小海子期海侵达最大，向东扩展，大部分地区为开阔台地亚相沉积，东部地区为局限台地亚相沉积，塔北大部分地区缺失。  相似文献