对中国中部超高压榴辉岩的P—T轨迹及回返机制的新认识   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

魏春景  张立飞 《岩石学报》1996,12(1):70-78

中国中部超高压变质带中的榴辉岩一般发育４～５个变质演化阶段：前榴辉岩阶段、榴辉岩峰期阶段、早期高压退变阶段、晚期退变阶段和后期叠加变质阶段。本文依据这一变质演化的研究，得出了一条与以往不同的Ｐ－Ｔ轨迹。它表明榴辉岩回返时首先沿俯冲带缓慢上升到较浅部位，出现与进变质过程相似的Ｐ－Ｔ轨迹；然后主要涉及地壳范围的，与碰撞造山有关的推覆作用使其进一步迅速回返，出现绝热抬升轨迹。这种双阶段双机制的回返模式不仅与榴辉岩中发育的变质作用过程相符，而且可以解释榴辉岩研究中一系列难以理解的问题。  相似文献   

大别山桐城地区雷庄低温高压榴辉岩的增温退变P-T轨迹及其构造含义   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

石永红  林伟  王清晨 《岩石学报》2008,24(8)

早期的研究显示大别山东段(安徽部分)出露的榴辉岩均为中温榴辉岩,并没有其他类型榴辉岩存在.本研究通过对桐城地区雷庄附近的榴辉岩野外地质调查、岩相学、矿物成分化学以及热力学分析表明,该地区榴辉岩为低温高压榴辉岩.榴辉岩的P-T演化特征研究区分了5个变质阶段,展示了一个"发卡式"增温退变轨迹.Ⅰ-阶段的变质温压为T=390～411℃,P=0.89～1.40GPa;Ⅱ-阶段为T=527～544℃,P=1.95～2.34GPa.该阶段为峰期变质,代表了板片俯冲最大深度;Ⅲ-阶段为T=501～519℃,P=1.74～2.14GPa;Ⅳ-阶段为T=630和P=1.22GPa;Ⅴ-阶段为T=350℃,P=0.20GPa.由Ⅲ-阶段至Ⅳ-阶段随着压力的降低,温度明显增加,反映了一个退变增温的演化趋势.这种增温可能是由于低温榴辉岩对温度变化的敏感,以及榴辉岩板片在折返至地壳某一深度停滞时间较长,北大别热穹隆和地温梯度的恢复是导致增温的热源.  相似文献   

Petrology and retrograde P-T path for eclogites of the Maksyutov Complex, Southern Ural Mountains, Russia     

R. J. Beane    J. G. Liou    R. G. Coleman  M. L. Leech 《Island Arc》1995,4(4):254-266

Abstract The Maksyutov Complex, situated in the southern Ural Mountains of Russia, is the first location where quartz aggregates within garnets exhibiting radial fractures were identified as coesite pseudomorphs (Chesnokov & Popov 1965). The complex consists of two tectonic units: a structurally lower eclogite-bearing schist unit and an overlying meta-ophiolite unit. Both units show evidence for multiple stages of metamorphism and deformation. The high-pressure metamorphism of the eclogite-bearing schist unit, discussed in this report, is suspected to be related to a collision between the Russian platform and a fragment of the Siberian continent during the early Cambrian. At least three stages of metamorphism (M_1-3) and two stages of deformation (S₁ and S₂) were observed in thin sections: M₁) garnet (Alm_55-60, Prp_22-28, Grs_16-20) + omphacite (Jd_46-56) + phengite (Si ≅ 3.5) + rutile; M₂) garnet + glaucophane ± lawsonite + white mica; and M₃) epidote + chlorite ± albite ± actinolite + white mica. Observed mineral parageneses define a retrograde P-T path for the eclogite. Mineral assemblages within the most representative eclogite from the lower unit of the Maksyutov Complex indicate minimum peak pressures of 15 kbar at temperatures of approximately 600°C. If the presence of coesite pseudomorph is confirmed, the peak ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism may be as high as 27 kbar at 615°C.  相似文献   

The role of mylonites in the uplift of an oblique lower crustal section, East Antarctica   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. T. NICHOLS 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1995,13(2):223-238

Abstract Three generations of mylonites discovered in the northern Prince Charles Mountains (nPCM) are associated with episodes of crustal thickening and thinning. First-generation mylonites (MY1) are shallow thrusts which pre-date both folding and peak metamorphic conditions, and formed during early crustal thickening. Second-generation mylonites (MY2) are significant subvertical normal faults that formed at conditions of c. 5 kbar and 700° C, and throughout the nPCM consistently display NW-block uplift. It is argued that MY2 uplift was rapid in the north-west, produced exhumation of approximately 6–7 km, and caused re-equilibration of most nPCM assemblages at lower pressures. It is suggested that features of this terrane may be reconciled with a tectonic model involving simultaneous crustal thickening and lithospheric thinning; MY2 uplift may reflect isostatically induced uplift. In contrast, the adjacent east Lambert Glacier Region (eLGR) was unaffected by MY2 uplift and remained at lower crustal levels. P-T trajectories across this oblique terrane thus reflect a gradual transition in uplift rates: nPCM paths preserve mostly cooling after partial MY2 exhumation, while those in the eLGR are dominated by slower uplift which facilitated the retrograde growth of coronas and symplectites at amphibolite facies conditions. Amphibolite facies third-generation mylonites, MY3, post-date the preserved P-T segments and are low-angle normal faults which indicate consistent easterly transport across the entire terrane. It is proposed that they are related to tectonic collapse.  相似文献   

From granulites to eclogites in the Sesia zone (Italian Western Alps): a record of the opening and closure of the Piedmont ocean   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

J. M. LARDEAUX  M. I. SPALLA 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1991,9(1):35-59

The Sesia zone (Italian Western Alps) offers one of the best preserved examples of pre-Alpine basement reactivated, under eclogite facies conditions, during the Alpine orogenesis. A detailed mineralogical study of eclogitized acid and basic granulites, and related amphibolites, is presented. In these rare weak to undeformed rocks microstructural investigations allow three main metamorphic stages to be distinguished.
(a) A medium- to low- P granulite stage giving rise to the development of orthopyroxene + garnet + plagioclase + brown amphibole + ilmenite ± biotite in basic granulites and garnet + K-feldspar + plagioclase + cordierite + sillimanite + biotite + ilmenite in acid granulites.
(b) A post-granulite re-equilibration, associated with the development of shear zones, producing discrete amphibolitization of the basic granulites and widespread development of biotite + sillimanite + cordierite + spinel in the acid rocks.
(c) An eo-Alpine eclogite stage giving rise to the crystallization of high- P and low- T assemblages.
In an effort to quantify this evolution, independent well-calibrated thermobarometers were applied to basic and acid rocks. For the granulite event, P-T estimates are 7–9 kbar and 700–800° C, and for subsequent retrograde evolution, P-T was 4–5 kbar and 600° C. For the eo-Alpine eclogite metamorphism, pressure and temperature conditions were 14–16 kbar and 550° C.
The inferred P-T path is consistent with an uplift of continental crust produced by crustal thinning prior to the subduction of the continental rocks. In the light of the available geochronological constraints we propose to relate the pre-Alpine granulite and post-granulite retrograde evolution to the Permo-Jurassic extensional regime. The complex granulite-eclogite transition is thus regarded as a record of the opening and of the closure of the Piedmont ocean.  相似文献   

Decompression-induced growth of albite porphyroblasts, Fleur de Lys Supergroup, western Newfoundland   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R. A. JAMIESON  A. M. O'BEIRNE-RYAN 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1991,9(4):433-439

Abstract Albite porphyroblasts are widely distributed in pelitic and semi-pelitic schists of the Fleur de Lys Supergroup, western Newfoundland. Textures and mineral assemblages indicate that albite grew during nearly isothermal decompression from P-T conditions of about 500° C, 9 kbar, to conditions of 550° C, 6.5 kbar. Three compositional varieties of albite-bearing schists, here termed PMAQ (paragonite-muscovite-albite-quartz), MMAQ (microcline-muscovite-albite-quartz), and PMMQ (paragonite-muscovite-margarite-quartz), can be distinguished on the basis of pre-porphyroblast mineral assemblages. Analysis of these assemblages in terms of the composition of the coexisting fluid [log a (Na⁺/H⁺) versus log a (K⁺/H⁺)] suggests that, as pressure and temperature changed, the stability field of albite expanded at the expense of coexisting matrix phyllosilicates. This promoted growth of albite on pre-existing or newly formed nuclei. Late oligoclase in PMAQ and PMMQ samples is associated with replacement of matrix garnet by plagioclase + mica ° Chlorite, particularly in strongly sheared samples.  相似文献   

Metamorphic evolution of the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica: evidence for substantial post-metamorphic peak compression with minimal cooling in a Proterozoic orogenic event   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. STÜWE  R. POWELL 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1989,7(4):449-464

ABSTRACT The Bunger Hills, East Antarctica, experienced a low-pressure granulite facies orogenic event during the Proterozoic. The stable coexistence of the S1 foliation-parallel M1 assemblages, garnet-cordierite-spinel-ilmenite and garnet-sillimanite-spinel-ilmenite-rutile, in quartz-bearing pelitic gneisses is evidence for metamorphic peak pressures of around 4 kbar during M1, at temperatures of about 800°C. The growth of massive reaction coronas of garnet and cordierite around hercynitic spinel and iron-titanium oxides during M2 is evidence for the destabilization of the M1 assemblages during compression. Thermodynamic calculations on the M2 assemblages indicate formation pressures of 6–7 kbar at temperatures of about 750°C. Thus, the gneisses from the Bunger Hills indicate about 2 kbar or more of compression during minimal cooling. Such a P-T path is different from that of many other Proterozoic terranes which are characterized by isobaric cooling or decompression. A large charnockite body, which is undeformed, was intruded at ～950°C, towards the end of compression. The low pressures during M1 can be best explained by metamorphism at mid-crustal levels in thin continental crust in thin lithosphere above a thermal perturbation in the underlying asthenosphere. We suggest that the compression during cooling was a result of gravitational backflow in which the action of body forces between adjacent normal thickness crust and the thin crust of the Bunger Hills is 'switched on’by the thermal perturbation. Within such a model, the timing of intrusion of the charnockite exposed in the Bunger Hills is consistent with its generation by partial melting during the metamorphic maximum of the lowermost crust.  相似文献   

辽西—赤峰—带太古代变质杂岩中石榴石的研究     

王长秋  崔文元 《岩石矿物学杂志》1992,(2)

石榴石是研究区内暗色镁铁质岩、麻粒岩及片麻岩的主要造岩矿物之一。成分分析表明,它们是含钙铝榴石分子较多的镁铝-铁铝系列石榴石;红外光谱测定其近于铁铝榴石;穆斯堡尔谱分析表明,Fe~(3+)含量增多将引起石榴石内六配位多面体变形程度增大;晶胞参数a_0与Ca~(2+)含量呈正相关。本区石榴石是麻粒岩相变质作用的产物,形成的温压条件为780—840℃、0.85—1.10GPa。形成石榴石的反应是复杂的,其中包括角闪石与斜长石的增温脱水反应以及紫苏辉石+斜长石组合向石榴石+单斜辉石组合转化的滑动反应。  相似文献   

吉林桦甸太古代杂岩的矿物化学和变质作用温压条件     

阎月华  翟明国 《岩石学报》1988,4(3)

本文重点研究了桦甸杂岩的主要造岩矿物黑云母、角闪石、辉石和石榴石以及它们之间的平衡共生关系。各主要造岩矿物的化学成分及相互关系都说明桦旬杂岩的变质作用高峰达麻粒岩相。文中用斜方辉石-单斜辉石、石榴石-黑云母、石榴石-普通角闪石、石榴石-斜方辉石和石榴石-斜方辉石-斜长石-石英等矿物对和矿物组合作了变质作用温度、压力估测。桦甸杂岩的变质作用温压条件约为6.4—7.1kbar,700—750℃,桦甸杂岩变质时的埋藏深度约25km,当时的地热梯度大约30℃/km。  相似文献   

云南宾川-永胜-丽江地区低钛玄武岩和苦橄岩的岩石成因与源区性质   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

姜常义钱壮志  姜寒冰唐冬梅张蓬勃  朱士飞 《岩石学报》2007,23(4):777-792

云南宾川-永胜-丽江地区是峨眉山玄武岩厚度最大、喷发最早的地区,最主要的岩石类型是低钛和高钛玄武岩,并有少量摘要云南宾川—永胜—丽江地区是峨眉山玄武岩厚度最大、喷发最早的地区,最主要的岩石类型是低钛和高钛玄武岩,并有少量的苦橄质玄武岩、苦橄岩和麦美奇岩。大部分火山岩的岩石化学组成属于拉斑玄武岩系列,少数低钛玄武岩属碱性玄武岩系列。它们不同程度地富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,相对亏损重稀土元素,稀土元素分馏明显,显著亏损相容元素(Co,V,Cr,Ni)。陆壳物质对低钛玄武岩浆的混染程度明显大于对苦橄质岩浆的影响程度。而且混染作用对于Sr同位素和大离子亲石元素的影响程度明显大于对Nd同位素和稀土元素的影响程度。Nd和Sr同位素证明,混染物主要是下地壳变质岩,也有少量上部陆壳物质。未受混染的样品具有适度亏损的Nd、Sr同位素组成。低钛玄武岩和苦橄岩类岩石是不同原生岩浆分异演化的产物。低钛玄武岩的原生岩浆是高镁拉斑玄武岩浆,原生苦橄质岩浆以EM-55为代表(MgO= 16.56%)。此外,还有一种比EM-55更富镁的原生岩浆。高镁拉斑玄武岩浆分异过程中的主要分离结晶相/堆晶相是单斜辉石,并有少量斜长石。苦橄岩浆分异过程中的主要分离结晶相/堆晶相是橄榄石,并有少量单斜辉石。参考相关的实验岩石学成果,可以证明,地幔柱源区由两种岩石组成:一种是50%榴辉岩和50%橄榄岩反应形成的石榴石辉石岩,另一种是橄榄岩。在地幔柱绝热上升过程中,位于其轴部的石榴石辉石岩的熔融作用始于≈165km,主要的熔融作用发生于165～128km,持续到66km,熔融产物为苦橄岩浆。橄榄岩的部分熔融始于≈150km,持续到66km,熔融产物是比EM-55更富镁的岩浆。地幔柱头部的熔融作用始于≈100km,终止于66km,主要的熔融作用发生于尖晶石稳定域,熔融产物为低钛玄武岩浆。  相似文献