Origin of ultramafic xenoliths in high-Mg diorites from east-central China based on their oxidation state and abundance of platinum group elements     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1203-1218

Ultramafic xenoliths are abundant in late Mesozoic high-Mg diorites at Laiwu, western Shandong Province; they are composed of dunite (>80 vol.%) with minor harzburgite (<10 vol.%) and olivine (Ol)-pyroxenite (<10 vol.%). We determined the abundance of siderophile and chalcophile elements of representative samples of xenoliths, and calculated oxidation conditions based on mineral chemistry. Bulk compositions of harzburgite show high Cr (2640–3430 ppm), Co (103–111 ppm), Ni (2210–2400 ppm), and high Ir-type platinum group elements (PGE) (IPGE, 14.0–17.8 ppb), with high ratios of IPGE to Pt-type PGE (PPGE, 3.1–6.3). Spinel contains moderate Cr (Cr# = 0.41–0.61). Our data suggest that the harzburgite is the residue of partial melting. The occurrence of orthopyroxene replacing Ol suggests that harzburgite was metasomatized by a Si-rich melt. Dunite contains high concentrations of Cr (> 3800 ppm), Co (>110 ppm), and Ni (>1680 ppm), and low concentrations of IPGE (<4.8 ppb), with low ratios of IPGE/PPGE (as low as 0.05), suggesting that dunite is the cumulate of a mafic melt. High Cr in chromite (Cr# > 0.7) and high Mg in Ol suggest that the parental melt was boninitic. Some Ol grains show variable, locally high Mg, up to Fo 94.3. We attribute these high values to the interaction of the Ol with abundant chromite in the cumulate. Both dunite and harzburgite indicate high log fO₂ values, ranging from fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) +1.4 to +2.4. The values contrast with fO₂ below that of the graphite–CO₂ buffer for xenoliths in early Palaeozoic diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the area. The data indicate a sharp increase in fO₂ during Mesozoic time, likely caused by subduction of the Tethyan oceanic plate before collision with the Yangtze continent below the eastern margin of the North China craton.  相似文献   

Enrichment of Platinum-group Elements (PGE) and Re-Os Isotopic Tracing for Porphyry Copper (Gold) Deposits     

HE Xiaohu  ZHONG Hong  ZHU Weiguang  BAI Zhongjie  HU Wenjun 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(4):1288-1309

Platinum-group elements （PGE） in PGE-rich porphyry copper （gold） deposits are mainly Pt and Pd, whereas the concentrations of other PGE （Ru, Rh, Os, Ir） are significantly low. Moreover, Pt and Pd mainly exist in sulfides in the forms of crystal lattice or tiny platinum-group mineral （PGM） inclusions. The present data show that there is a positive relationship between Pt and Pd concentrations and Cu （Au） in porphyry copper （gold） deposits. The comparison of chondrite-normalized PGE distribution patterns between the ore-bearing porphyry intrusions and ore-barren porphyry intrusions in arc setting, 187^Os/188^Os, 87^Sr/86^Sr and S isotopes for porphyry copper （gold） deposits shows that PGEs were mainly derived from the mantle, and fluids from subduction zones devoted trivial PGE to the magma. The porphyry copper （gold） deposits associated with subducted events are most probably enriched in PGE, whereas those related to crustal thickening, lithospheric delamination or underplating rarely concentrate PGE. The osmium isotopic compositions in porphyry copper （gold） deposits reveal that （187^Os/188^Os）i values are highly variable and not lower than those of primitive upper mantle （PUM） and mantle peridotite, however, osmium concentrations are commonly lower than mantle peridotite, suggesting that parental magmas of some porphyry intrusions had experienced crustal contamination during magma evolution. Experimental investigations have proved that PGE exist in the forms of Cl^- and HS^- complexes during transportation and migration of the oreforming fluids. This paper summarizes previous studies including crucial controlling factors and mechanisms for PGE enrichment, and points out that the mantle-derived magmas parental to porphyry intrusions are the prerequisite for PGE enrichment in porphyry copper （gold） deposits. Favorable physical and chemical conditions （including salinity, temperature, pressure, pH, and oxygen fugacity） in hydrothermal fluids crucially control the  相似文献   

内蒙古金厂沟梁金(铜)矿床的PGE、铁族和亲硫元素的地球化学特征与物质来源、形成环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李怡欣  孙景贵  陈军强  门兰静  聂喜涛  张朋 《地学前缘》2010,17(2):336

首次采用盐酸-过氧化氢封闭熔矿与ICP-MS相结合的方法,对金厂沟梁金(铜)矿床东、西两矿区典型矿石的铂族元素(PGE)、亲铁以及亲硫元素的含量进行了系统测定,结果显示矿石中上述元素的含量均高于实验的检测限;地球化学演化特征显示含矿流体具有岩浆性质,PGE对原始地幔/球粒陨石标准化后的配分曲线均呈强烈左倾斜的分馏模式,其配分曲线和与幔源岩浆有关的富铜硫化物和富铜镍硫化物熔体的形式相似,并与幔源玄武岩、碳酸盐熔体的配分模式基本一致,反映含矿流体具有幔源岩浆属性;从区域构造、岩浆热事件角度出发,结合典型斑岩铜(钼)矿床的PGE特征,初步确定其含矿流体形成于中生代大陆边缘环境,其直接的热动源是中生代底侵的玄武岩浆。成矿阶段富含金、铜矿石的Pd/Pt、Pd/Ir比值接近低钛玄武岩浆以及玄武安山岩,而成矿早阶段贫金、铜样品的Pd/Pt、Pd/Ir比值接近地幔;反映早期含矿流体可能是直接来自中生代幔源玄武质岩浆结晶分异,而富金(铜)流体的形成可能是玄武质岩浆演化晚期被地壳物质强烈混染后的富超临界流体岩浆(低钛熔体)发生岩浆与流体分离而产生;含矿流体演化过程的PGE地球化学行为与Cu或S(As)的饱和度有关,即主要受亲硫(铜)元素或结晶分异的硫化物矿物相所制约。  相似文献   

安徽女山地幔橄榄岩捕虏体的同位素组成:中国东部新生代岩石圈地幔时代制约   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

刘志超  吴福元  储著银  徐夕生 《岩石学报》2010,26(4):1217-1240

位于安徽省境内的女山新生代碱性玄武岩中含有大量而且类型丰富的地幔橄榄岩包体,主要类型有尖晶石相、石榴石相、尖晶石-石榴子石过渡相二辉橄榄岩以及少量的方辉橄榄岩,其中部分尖晶石二辉橄榄岩样品中出现富含挥发分的角闪石、金云母和磷灰石。本文选择该区的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩和方辉橄榄岩包体进行了较为详细的岩石学、矿物学、地球化学研究工作。结果显示,除2个方辉橄榄岩表现难熔特征外,其它25件尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩均具有饱满的主量元素组成。二辉橄榄岩样品的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素均表现为亏损地幔的性质,不同于古老克拉通型难熔、富集的岩石圈地幔。富含挥发份交代矿物的出现以及轻稀土元素不同程度的富集,表明女山岩石圈地幔经历了较为强烈的交代作用,然而Re-Os同位素及PGE分析结果表明交代作用并没有显著改变Os同位素组成。二辉橄榄岩样品均具有较高的Os同位素组成,结合其饱满的主量元素组成,亏损的同位素特征,表明女山地区岩石圈地幔整体为新生岩石圈地幔。但1个方辉橄榄岩样品给出了较低的Os同位素比值0.1184,其Re亏损年龄为1.5Ga,它可能来自于软流圈中残留的古老难熔地幔。  相似文献   

金川铜镍硫化物矿床铂族元素的赋存状态及分布规律   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：14  

朱文凤  梁有彬 《地质与勘探》2000,36(1):26-28

金川铜硫化物矿床铂族元素球粒陨石标准化型式属于Ｐｔ－Ｐｄ配分类型,Ｐｔ、ｐｄ〉Ｏｓ、Ｉｒ、Ｒｕ、Ｒｈ,存在３种不同形式的图形;ＰＧＥ（铂族元素）在熔离和深熔－－贯入型岩矿体中,ＰＧＥ含量从非含矿岩石→ＳＮ－Ｂ→ＳＮ－Ａ２→ＳＮ－Ａ１依次增加,显示与金属硫化物含量具有正消长关系;矿石中８０％以上的铂和７０Ｔ以上的钯呈矿物相存在;ＰＧＥ富集体主要分布在富矿体膨大处的中、下部。  相似文献   

阿拉斯加型岩体的基本特征、成岩过程及成矿作用   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

崔梦萌  白洋  罗扬  苏本勋  肖燕  王静  潘旗旗  高东林 《矿床地质》2020,39(3):397-418

阿拉斯加型岩体是一类具有独特的岩性环带状结构的镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体,常呈链状分布于汇聚板块边缘。其形成时代跨度较大,从元古代到新生代均有分布,以中生代最为发育。大部分阿拉斯加型岩体规模较小,出露面积约12～14 km~2或更小,平面上呈近似同心环状结构,垂直剖面上呈管道状。岩体中心为纯橄岩,向外依次包括异剥橄榄岩、橄榄单斜辉石岩、单斜辉石岩、角闪单斜辉石岩、角闪石岩和辉长岩。造岩矿物为橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石等,副矿物为铬铁矿、磁铁矿、钛铁矿等,超镁铁质岩石中少或无斜方辉石,斜长石仅出现在边缘的辉长质岩石中。磁铁矿在单斜辉石岩和角闪石岩中为常见矿物,含量最高达15%～20%。阿拉斯加型岩体的主量元素成分揭示所有岩石均为与拉斑玄武质岩浆分异有关的亚碱性堆晶岩。微量元素成分上显示平坦的稀土元素配分型式和较低的微量元素含量,且富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素。矿物化学特征上,橄榄石富镁且Fo值变化较大;单斜辉石主要为富Ca的透辉石,其成分变化具有弧堆晶趋势;角闪石主要是镁角闪石和韭角闪石;铬铁矿富集Fe-Al,贫Cr。这些特征揭示,该类岩体成因明显不同于层状岩体和阿尔卑斯型岩体。综合岩石学、矿物学和地球化学分析表明,阿拉斯加型岩体形成于与板块俯冲作用有关的岛弧或者活动大陆边缘背景下,其母岩浆为受到熔/流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融产生的含水玄武质岩浆。各岩相为未受明显地壳混染的同源母岩浆在地壳深度结晶分异的产物。阿拉斯加型岩体的岩浆体系具有含水且高氧逸度的特征,其通常为铂族元素和铬铁矿矿床的重要载体,无或少铜镍矿化。  相似文献