中小型原水河渠污染事故危害度应急评价模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱明  李永  李嘉 《水科学进展》2010,21(3):405-412

为了对中小型原水河渠污染事故危害影响程度进行综合评价,利用污染事故案例样本资料,在提出原水污染事故危害度概念基础上,归纳影响中小型原水河渠污染事故危害度的直接与间接影响因素,应用粗糙集理论与方法,对间接影响因素进行重要性分析、冗余约简及重要度权重计算,综合直接与间接影响因素的作用,构建中小型原水河渠污染事故的应急评价模型。以成都市原水河渠为例,设计模拟污染事故情景,对所构建模型进行分析,结果表明,模型能够反映中小型原水河渠污染事故的危害影响程度。所构建模型适用于中小型原水河渠污染事故的应急评价,可为应急响应决策提供支撑信息。  相似文献   

基于熵权的五元联系数法在郑州市水资源丰富程度评价中的应用     

徐栋  吴泽宁 《气象与环境科学》2010,33(3):86-89

针对水资源丰富程度评价中的不确定性及水资源分布特点,将集对分析中的五元联系数法应用于水资源丰富程度评价。在确定各评价指标的权重时,将信息论中的熵值理论引入该模型,运用信息熵所反映实测数据的效用值计算各评价指标的权重。通过对郑州市的实例应用表明基于熵权的五元联系数法计算简便,评价结果合理,为水资源丰富程度评价提供了一种简单而实用的评价方法。  相似文献   

Homogeneity analysis of Turkish meteorological data set   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sinan Sahin  H. Kerem Cigizoglu 《水文研究》2010,24(8):981-992

The missing value interpolation and homogeneity analysis were performed on the meteorological data of Turkey. The data set has the observations of six variables: the maximum air temperature, the minimum air temperature, the mean air temperature, the total precipitation, the relative humidity and the local pressure of 232 stations for the period 1974–2002. The missing values on the monthly data set were estimated using two methods: the linear regression (LR) and the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Because of higher correlations between test and reference series, EM algorithm results were preferred. The homogeneity analysis was performed on the annual data using a relative test and four absolute homogeneity tests were used for the stations where non‐testable series were found due to the low correlation coefficients between the test and the reference series. A comparison was accomplished by the graphics where relative and absolute tests provided different outcomes. Absolute tests failed to detect the inhomogeneities in the precipitation series at the significance level 1%. Interestingly, most of the inhomogeneities detected on the temperature variables existed in the Aegean region of Turkey. It is considered that theseinhomogeneities were mostly caused by non‐natural effects such as relocation. Because of changes at topography at short distance in this region intensify non‐random characteristics of the temperature series when relocation occurs even in small distances. The marine effect, which causes artifical cooling effect due to sea breezes has important impact on temperature series and the orograhpy allows this impact go through the inner parts in this region. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

给定参数条件下海温脉动随机模式的混沌行为     

严绍瑾  彭永清 《热带气象学报》1995,11(4):365-369

从Ｓａｌｔｚｍａｎ海气随机气候模式出发，得到了海温脉动θ＇的Ｌａｎｇｅｖｉｎ方程以及对应的Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－ｐｌａｎｋ方程。在给定参数条件下求数值解，得到的概率密度曲线ｐ（ｘ，ｔ）具有多个极大值，并在ｐ（ｘ，ｔ）－ｐ（ｘ，ｔ＋τ）相空间中呈现Ｃａｎｔｏｒ集合图象，表明该随机系统在上述参数条件下出现了混沌行为。  相似文献   

GIS基础空间关系分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蔡少华  翟战强 《测绘工程》1999,8(2):38-42

在点集拓扑学基础上,分析了空间关系的基本类型－拓扑关系、方向关系、度量关系,并对各关系的基本划分与识别规则进行了详细描述。  相似文献   

均匀介质中散射过程的奇性分析     

栾文贵 《地球物理学报》1993,36(4):489-509

本文比较详细地讨论和分析了均匀介质中零偏移距散射曲面拓扑奇性和相应回波解析奇性之间的关系和分类.其基础是衍射理论的Kirchhoff积分,原理是通过曲面几何函数的解析奇性和距离函数的拓扑奇性之间的联系.基本的数学工具是Morse理论和突变理论.  相似文献   

Mental Maps and Fuzziness in Space Preferences*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jean-Claude Thill  Daniel Z. Sui 《The Professional geographer》1993,45(3):264-276

Mental maps are widely used to represent aggregate residential preferences in a population. This study examines the contention by researchers that the dominant viewpoint in a group in terms of residential desirability is not affected by the fuzziness in individual space preferences. Results indicate that a significant misrepresentation of group preferences can result when fuzziness of individual preferences is overlooked. The use of ordinal scales to generate mental maps is likely to distort the actual pattern of residential preferences that dominates in the group because of the failure of the ranking approach to account for imprecision and ambiguity in individual preferences. Because interval scales used in rating or evaluating tasks do not force individuals to give a crisp judgement of places, they are more adequate than ordinal scales for mental mapping and for behavioral analysis.  相似文献   

复杂地形条件下嵌套细网格模式35例数值预报的总结     

钱正安  陈玉春 《高原气象》1994,13(2):144-152

本文利用一适合复杂地形区的有限区域预报模式系统，分别采用欧洲中期天气预报中心的格点资料和我国国家气象中心的ＤＣＤ电码资料，对１９８１年７月１－３０日和１９８８年８月１０－１４日两时段共３５天作了４８小时预报。形势场和降水预报的主客观评分表明，该模型系统已具备了在业务环境下作预报的可能，该模型预报性能良好，具有较好的强降水预报的能力。  相似文献   

应用Fuzzy集理论对地下水位动态分类   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李安贵  王淑华 《水文地质工程地质》1993,20(4):24-27

本文应用Fuzzy集理论,给出一个对地下水位动态进行分类的数学模型,并借助计算机对西安市部分地区地下水位进行了分类。  相似文献   

An Approach to Spectral Discrimination of Rocks Using ASAI and Rough Sets     

ZhangZhenfei HuGuangdao YangMingguo LiuXing WangZhenlmi LiWenhui ZhangXiaobing HeLi 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(3):257-260

Field data of outcrop spectrums provide important basis for modeling of hyper-spectral remote sensing aiming at mineral prospecting. We make an approach to the application of rough set theory in spectral discriminiation of rocks. We build a decision table with an adequate number of samples (out-crops) of known rock type (the universe), of which the conditional atributes are discretized “area spectrum absorption indexes“ (ASAI) corresponding to wavelength intervals, and the decision atribute is rock type. We search to obtain the exhaustive set of reducts of the table, each of which will serve as a variable number of deduction rules. Suppose we have n (usually a very big number) rules in total and there are m types of rocks in our universe, for any unknown sample, we judge its rock type by each of those rules. An unknown sample may be recognized as a different type by different rules because it is out-side our universe, and we accept the most frequent judgment result and ignore the other m-1 types of results. Our ASAI is an improvement upon the traditional spectrum absorption index (SAI), better applicable to field spectrums: given a spectrum curve and a wavelength interval, we take the average reflectance within the interval as a base line and let ASAI=αbelow/(αabove αbelow), where αbelow and αabove stand for total areas, bounded by the curve, the base line and the borders of the intervalbelow and above the base line respectively. With the equipments of FieldSpectr Fr (made by ASD Co., US), we collected data from Baiya gold deposit, Yunnan, and applied the above method to discriminate altered rocks as an experiment. The results show satisfactory performance of the method.  相似文献