Magnetic characteristics of lake sediments in Qiangyong Co Lake,southern Tibetan Plateau and their application to the evaluation of mercury deposition     

Gao  Xing  Kang  Shichang  Liu  Qingsong  Chen  Pengfei  Duan  Zongqi 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(9):1481-1494

Heavy metals,one of the most toxic classes of pollutants,are resistant to degradation and harmful to the biological environment.The lakes that have developed on the Tibetan Plateau are ideal regions to investigate historic heavy metal pollution,particularly through the use of the reliable 210 Pb dating technique.Environmental magnetism has been successfully applied to estimate heavy metal pollution in different environmental systems due to its characteristics of simple processing steps,good sensitivity,and non-destructibility.However,it has not yet been applied to assess heavy metal pollution in lake sediments on the Tibetan Plateau.A series of environmental magnetic investigations of Qiangyong Co Lake sediments(southern Tibetan Plateau) was therefore conducted to explore the relationship between magnetic minerals and mercury(Hg) concentrations.The results showed that the magnetic mineral species in lake sediments remained stable,with similar levels of four different components from 1899 to 2011.However,the proportion of component 1(C1,hematite) increased continuously with the corresponding decrease in the proportion of C2(goethite),while the proportions of C3 and C4(magnetite) did not change significantly.As a result,the bulk magnetic signals(e.g.,SIRM and clf) were unsuitable for the evaluation of the Hg concentration;however,the proportion of hematite had a strong positive correlation with the Hg concentration.It is possible that the Qiangyong Glacier(the main water supply for Qiangyong Co Lake) has experienced faster melting with global and local warming,and the Hg trapped in cryoconite and ice was released.Hematite,with a large specific surface area,has a strong capacity for absorbing Hg,and both materials are ultimately transported to Qiangyong Co Lake.The proportion of hematite in a sample is therefore a suitable semi-quantitative proxy that can be used to evaluate the Hg concentration in Qiangyong Co Lake sediments.This study confirmed that the variation of magnetic minerals can provide a new method to estimate the variation of Hg concentrations and to study the process of Hg deposition in lakes in the southern Tibetan Plateau on the basis of a detailed environmental magnetic analysis.  相似文献   

青藏高原中部色林错中晚全新世以来古气候变化特征     

宋高  郑绵平 《地质学报》2022,96(7):2272-2280

色林错位于青藏高原中部印度季风和西风环流的过渡地带,同时受西风环流和印度季风系统控制,是研究二者进退变化特征的理想场所。本文利用色林错SL-1钻孔中介形虫Limnocythere inopinata的丰度及其壳体微量元素Mg/Ca和Mn/Ca比值重建了色林错5.3 ka BP以来的古气候环境变化特征。5.3～2.9 ka BP,L.inopinata丰度较小,壳体的低Mg/Ca比值和高Mn/Ca比值表明此阶段气候偏冷湿;2.9～1.8 ka BP,L.inopinata丰度较前一阶段增加,壳体Mg/Ca比值略有增长但仍为低值表明气温虽然有所回升但仍然较低,Mn/Ca比值较前一阶段明显降低,指示湖泊水位下降;1.8 ka BP至今,L.inopinata丰度达到最大,壳体的高Mg/Ca和Mn/Ca比值指示湖泊温度和水位均呈显著的上升趋势。通过与西风区、过渡区以及印度季风区其他湖泊的环境沉积记录对比,本文认为青藏高原中部地区在中全新世晚期主要受西风环流影响,气温较低,西风带来大量水汽使得湖面呈扩张趋势;而到晚全新世西风环流逐渐北撤,色林错受季风影响更大,季风带来的降水和气温升高导致的冰川融...  相似文献   

中太平洋海山区富钴结壳地质特征   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  

马维林  金翔龙  陈建林  苏新  章伟艳 《海洋学研究》2002,20(3):11-23

应用 X射线衍射分析、穆斯堡尔谱分析、X荧光光谱分析以及超微生物化石定年等方法对 1 998年和 1 999年“大洋一号”调查船 DY95 - 8和 DY95 - 1 0航次采集的富钴结壳样品进行了地质特征综合研究与分析 ,结果表明 :( 1 )该区富钴结壳可划分为板状结壳、砾状结壳和钴结核三类 ,均具有微晶质结构。 ( 2 )该区富钴结壳宏观构造主要呈板层状和圈层状构造 ;显微构造在形态上可大体分为柱状构造、平行纹理状构造和致密块状构造三种基本类型。 ( 3)该区富钴结壳主要由三类矿物组成 :锰矿物、铁矿物和杂质矿物。其中锰矿物为水羟锰矿和少量的钡镁锰矿 ,铁矿物主要为 β-羟铁矿 ,偶见赤铁矿和磁铁矿等 ,杂质矿物有石英、斜长石等。( 4 )该区富钴结壳主要成矿元素含量 :Fe为 1 6.86% ,Mn为 2 1 .2 6% ,Cu为 1 1 0 2 .0 9× 1 0 - 6 ,Co为 62 5 2 .72× 1 0 - 6 ,Ni为 40 64.62× 1 0 - 6 。 ( 5 )该区东部海山 ( N1～ N4海山 )比西部海山( N5、 N6海山 ) Fe元素含量高 ,Mn、 Cu、 Co、 Ni元素含量则低 ,这一差异源于海水中 Fe、 Mn等成矿元素的分离作用 ,其分离程度与海底火山作用时代以及相应的玄武岩海解风化时间长短有密切关系。 ( 6)结壳形成于第三纪古新世至第四纪更新世 :第一阶段从第三纪古新世到中新世 ,  相似文献   

格仁错断裂现今地壳运动特征的InSAR监测与分析     

陈巍然  朱良玉  孙赫  张文婷  王莺 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(5):478-483

基于干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)技术,获得格仁错断裂高空间分辨率的地壳形变速度场,并以此为约束,利用深浅部震间断层位错模型反演断层面上的滑移速率与闭锁深度.结果 表明,格仁错断裂性质为右旋走滑,断层两侧存在差异运动,断层上的差异运动自西向东逐渐减弱;InSAR变形结果与GPS观测结果高度一致,远场LOS向最大形变差异...  相似文献   

不同形式钴对凡纳滨对虾生长和组织钴含量的影响     

董晓慧  杨原志  郑石轩  周歧存  张其华 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(6):8-12

为研究氨基酸螯合钴对凡纳滨对虾的营养效果,在凡纳滨对虾配合饲料中添加5、10、15 mg/kg的氯化钴和蛋氨酸钴。饲养8周,4周末(饲养中期)称重,8周末称重并采集对虾肝胰脏和肌肉,测定肝胰脏和肌肉中的钴含量。结果表明:钴的添加形式和钴水平不影响对虾0~4周增重率,15 mg/kg蛋氨酸钴显著提高了对虾0~8周增重率,且两种形式的钴之间差异显著(P<0.05)。51、0 mg/kg的蛋氨酸钴和5、101、5 mg/kg的氯化钴不影响8周末对虾的增重率。特定生长率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率的变化趋势与增重率类似。钴的添加形式和钴水平不影响肌肉中的钴含量,15 mg/kg的氯化钴组肝胰脏中钴含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他各组间无显著差异;蛋氨酸钴各组肝胰脏中钴含量无显著差异;钴的添加形式不影响肝胰脏中钴含量。统计结果表明,促进生长方面,两种钴之间存在显著差异,蛋氨酸钴的营养效果好于氯化钴。饲料中蛋氨酸钴的添加量为15 mg/kg时,对虾生长最快,5 mg/kg时,可满足需要。  相似文献   

西藏拉果错卤虫：2营养成分   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘俊英  罗健 《湖泊科学》1999,11(3):283-288

卤虫包括成体,无节幼体和卤虫卵,蛋白质,氨基酸,脂肪酶等营养成分的含量是评价卤虫质量的主要标准,因为摄食动物饵粒效果取决于氨基酸,脂肪酸的组成与含量,西藏拉果错卤虫的营养成分含量较高,１９９６、１９９７年盐湖研究中心连续取样测定,其蛋白质含量成本接近２０％,无节幼体约５５％,脱壳卵近５０％;粗脂肪成体３％,无节幼 和脱壳超过８７％,三种高级不饱和脂肪酸（２０：３,２０：４,２０：５）ＨＵＦＡ含量。  相似文献   

The pre-Caledonian Inishkea Division of northwest Co. Mayo,Ireland: Its geochemistry and probable stratigraphic position     

J. A. Winchester  M. D. Max 《Geological Journal》1987,22(4):309-331

The dominantly metasedimentary schists and gneisses of the Inishkea Division of the Erris Complex form a distinct rock group, structurally overlying the Grenvillian Annagh Division orthogneisses and underlying Dalradian metasediments, in the northwest County Mayo metamorphic inlier. A regression line for the Inishkea Division schists, defined by Rb–Sr whole rock analysis, suggests a metamorphic age of about 800 Ma, with a provenance age of about 1000–1300 Ma. The major and trace element chemistry is distinct from both the Annagh Division and Dalradian rocks, although sometimes similar to that of the Erris Group, and it suggests that the Inishkea Division originated as greywackes with associated intrusives. Local variations of the chemistry exist, but no systematic subdivision of the Division has been made. Amphibolite pods within the schists are metamorphosed and deformed tholeiite dykes, which are similar in chemistry to the younger metadolerites seen in the Annagh Division. While the geochemistry suggests that the Inishkea Division rocks are similar to both the Moine Assemblage and Grampian Group rocks of Scotland, the isotopic data suggest that they may have been deposited and then initially metamorphosed during the interval between the Grenville metamorphism of the Moine Assemblage and the onset of Dalradian and Erris Group deposition.  相似文献   

超音速火焰喷涂金属陶瓷复合涂层的耐磨性能研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

周永宽  康嘉杰  岳文  付志强  梁健  朱丽娜  王成彪 《探矿工程》2020,47(4):72-79

为改善深部钻具关键易损构件的耐磨性能,采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)技术在35CrMo钢基体上制备了WC-10Co4Cr涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度仪、维氏硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机测试分析了涂层的微观结构、力学性能和摩擦磨损行为。结果表明：利用HVOF技术制备的WC-10Co4Cr涂层具有致密的微观结构和优异的力学性能,其孔隙率为1.3±0.1%,显微硬度为1392±45 HV0.3,断裂韧性为7.11±0.10 MPa·m1/2;与35CrMo钢基体相比,涂层具有更加优异的耐磨损性能,并且随着滑动速度的增加,WC-10Co4Cr涂层的摩擦系数下降、磨损率增大;WC-10Co4Cr涂层的磨损失效机制主要包括磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。  相似文献   

Paleohydrological Changes in the Western Tibetan Plateau over the Past 16,000 years Based on Sedimentary Records of n‐Alkanes and Grain Size     

WANG Mingd  YANG Yaping  ZHANG Jiawu  HOU Juzhi 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(3):707-716

Both monsoons and westerlies have exerted influence on climate dynamics over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) since the last deglaciation, producing complex patterns of paleohydroclimatic conditions. Diverse proxy records are essential to forge a robust understanding of the climate system on the TP. Currently, there is a general lack of understanding of the response of inland lakes over the TP to climate change, especially glacier‐fed lakes. Paleohydrological reconstructions of such lakes could deepen our understanding of the history of lake systems and their relationship to regional climate variability. Here we use records of n‐alkanes and grain size from the sediments of Bangong Co in the western TP to reconstruct paleohydrological changes over the past 16,000 years. The Paq record (the ratio of non‐emergent aquatic macrophytes versus emergent aquatic macrophytes and terrestrial plants) is generally consistent with the variations in summer temperature and precipitation isotopes. The changes in grain‐size distributions show a similar trend to Paq but with less pronounced fluctuations in the early‐middle Holocene. The new data combined with previous results from the site demonstrate that: 1) Bangong Co experienced relatively large water‐level fluctuations during the last deglaciation, with a steadily high lake‐level during the early‐middle Holocene and a decreasing lake‐level in the late Holocene; 2) The lake level fluctuations were driven by both high summer temperatures via the melting water and monsoon precipitation. However, the dominant factor controlling lake level changed over time. The lake‐level history at Bangong Co deduced from the n‐alkanes and grain‐size records reveals the past hydrological changes in the catchment area, and stimulates more discussion about the future of glacier‐fed lakes under the conditions of unprecedented warming in the region.  相似文献   

西藏错鄂湖沉积旋回与古环境变迁   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6  

陈诗越  王苏民  吴艳宏 《地球学报》2006,27(4):315-322

湖泊作为陆地上相对独立的自然综合体,是大气圈、岩石圈、生物圈和陆地水体相互作用的联接点,是区域环境的镜子。青藏高原中部从班长错至怒江分布密集的构造湖群,其东部位于印度季风区边缘的西藏那曲错鄂湖,发育有巨厚的湖泊沉积物,是研究高原环境演化的理想材料。本文对采自西藏那曲地区错鄂湖盆中心钻孔近200m、形成于2.8Ma以来的湖泊沉积物中的沉积旋回进行了研究,并结合沉积岩性、粒度和孢粉组合等,分析了该地区2.8Ma来的古地理环境演化过程。研究表明,2.8Ma来错鄂沉积物揭示了10个沉积旋回的变化和3大古环境演化阶段(2.8~2.5Ma,2.5~0.78Ma,0.78~0Ma)与8个次级环境波动过程。初步研究认为,错鄂地区的环境演化主要是由高原构造活动和气候波动共同作用下形成的。总体上,大的环境演替与构造运动有关,各旋回中的次级波动则与气候变化关系密切。  相似文献