COMMENTS ON “SPATIAL VARIATION OF HILLSLOPE PROFILES IN THE CUMBERLAND PLATEAU,KENTUCKY” BY EDMUND B. WOOOS     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):488-489

Book Reviewed in this article:

Main Street: Northeastern Oregon: The Founding and Development of Small Towns. Barbara Ruth Bailey.

Food Politics: The Regional Conflict. David N. Balaam and Michael J. Carey, eds.

The International Economy and Industrial Development: Trade and Investment in the Third World. R. Ballance, J. Ansari and H. Singer.

Neighborhoods in Urban America. Ronald H. Bayor, ed.

The English Heartland. By Robert Beckinsale and Monica Beckinsale.

Regional Dimensions of Industrial Policy. Michael E. Bell and Paul S. Lande, eds.

Tension Areas of the World. D. Gordon Bennett, ed.

Latin America: an Introductory Survey. B. W. Blouet and O. M. Blouet, eds.

Integration and Division: Geographical Perspectives on the Northern Ireland Problem. Frederick W. Boal and J. Neville H. Douglas, eds.

Energy and Land Use. Robert W. Burchell and David Listokin, eds.

Slopes and Weathering. Michael Clarke and John Small.

Alaska's Rural Development. Peter G. Cornwall and Gerald McBeath, eds.

The Politics of Park Design: A History of Urban Parks in America. Galen Cranz.

World Congress on Land Policy, 1980, Proceedings. Matthew Cullen and Sharon Woolery, eds.

Oregon Divided: A Regional Geography. Samuel N. Dicken and Emily F. Dicken.

Urban Food Marketing and Third World Rural Development. T. Scarlett Epstein.

South Africa: Spatial Frameworks for Development. T. J. D. Fair.

Institutions and Geographical Patterns. Robin Flowerdew, ed.

Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture, An Interpretive Atlas. Howard F. Gregor.

Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s. Patsy Healy, Glen McDougall and Michael J. Thomas, eds.

Neighborhood Mobilization: Redevelopment and Response. Jeffrey R. Henig.

The American Urban System: A Geographical Perspective. R. J. Johnston.

Climate, History and the Modern World. Hubert H. Lamb.

Climate and History: Studies in Past Climates and Their Impact on Man. T. M. L. Wigley, M. J. Ingram and G. Farmer.

China: Railways and Agricultural Development, 1875–1935. Ernest P. Liang.

A Desirable Energy Future—A National Perspective. Robert S. Livingston, T. D. Anderson, T. M. Besmann, M. Olszewski, A. M. Perry, and C. D. West.

Topothesia: Essays Presented to T. S. Ó Máille. B. S. Mac Aodha, ed.

Transportation for the Poor: Research in Rural Mobility. Hal S. Maggied.

Land Uses in American Cities. Harold M. Mayer and Charles R. Haves.

Industrial Organisation and Location. Philip McDermott and Michael Taylor.

Human Adaptability: an Introduction to Ecological Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran.

Regional Analysis and the New International Division of Labor. Frank Moulaert and Patricia W. Salinas, eds.

The Nuclear War Atlas. Victoriaville, Quebec, Canada:

Urbanization and Environmental Quality. Isao Orishimo.

The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re-Creation of Paradise. John Prest.

Earthfire, The Eruption of Mount St. Helens. Charles Rosenfeld and Robert Cooke.

Contest for the South China Sea. Marwyn S. Samuels.

The Future of the Wetlands: Assessing Visual-Cultural Values. Richard C. Smardon, ed.

Tucson: the Life and Times of An American City. C. L. Sonnichsen.

The Geography of Multinationals. Michael Taylor and Nigel Thrift, eds.

Impact of Marine Pollution on Society. Virginia Tippie and Dana Kester.

Reviving the Industrial City: the Politics of Urban Renewal in Lyon and Birmingham. Jerry A. Webman.

Andean Reflections: Letters from Carl O. Sauer While on a South American Trip under a Grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, 1942. Robert C. West, ed.

Cartographic Drawing with Computers. P. Yoeli.  相似文献   

OSL dating of individual quartz ‘supergrains’ from the Ancient Middle Palaeolithic site of Cuesta de la Bajada,Spain     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2016

Dose saturation represents a fundamental limitation for obtaining finite optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) quartz ages over Middle Pleistocene timescales. Single-grain OSL studies typically reveal significant intra- and inter-sample variability in quartz dose saturation properties at the individual grain level. This enhanced variability may offer the potential to obtain extended-range chronologies exceeding the traditional upper age limits of multiple-grain OSL dating. However, there have been relatively few detailed assessments of single-grain OSL properties over high dose ranges. In this study we investigate extended-range single-grain OSL dating potential at Cuesta de la Bajada, one of the most important Ancient Middle Palaeolithic sites in the Iberian Peninsula. The quartz samples from this site exhibit exceptional dose saturation properties and contain significant populations of individual ‘supergrains’ with bright OSL signals, very high characteristic saturation dose (D₀) limits of 200 to >600 Gy, and dose-response curves that closely conform to single saturating exponential functions. Assessments of OSL signal composition and the ability to successfully recover a known laboratory dose of 470 Gy support the potential for obtaining high equivalent dose (D_e) values with reasonable fitting uncertainties. A series of novel sensitivity tests are used to assess potential biases in supergrain D_e estimation over high dose ranges related to (i) thermally transferred signal contributions, (ii) choice of dose-response curve fitting function, and (iii) insufficient dose saturation properties of individual grains. The single-grain D_e values obtained using the standard quality assurance criteria and novel sensitivity tests are consistent at 2σ, and are in agreement with quartz Ti-centre ages obtained on two of three paired electron spin resonance (ESR) samples collected from Cuesta de la Bajada. These comparisons support the suitability of our single-grain OSL results and suggest there may be good potential for using quartz supergrains to establish extended-range chronologies at some Middle Pleistocene sites. Comparisons with other single-grain OSL studies across the Iberian central plains suggest that favourable dose saturation properties may be influenced by regional-scale geological controls. The importance of undertaking single-grain OSL dating at Cuesta de la Bajada is also demonstrated by the results of synthetic aliquot experiments, which reveal multiple-grain age offsets of 60–170 ka when unsuitable grain types are inadvertently included in the final age calculations. The single-grain OSL results indicate that the main archaeological horizon at Cuesta de la Bajada (unit CB3) accumulated between 264 ± 22 and 293 ± 24 ka. These ages are consistent with the chronologies of other key early Middle Palaeolithic sites in the region (Ambrona AS6 and Gran Dolina TD10) and indicate that the Ancient Middle Palaeolithic techno-complex likely spread across Iberia from at least Marine Isotope Stage 9 onwards.  相似文献   

40Ar/39Ar and ESR/U-series dates for Guado San Nicola,Middle Pleistocene key site at the Lower/Middle Palaeolithic transition in Italy     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2016

The Middle Pleistocene archaeological site of Guado San Nicola was discovered in 2005 in a fossil fluvial terrace of the Volturno River, close to the village of Monteroduni, Molise, Italy. Palaeontological remains and lithic artefacts, including both handaxes and Levallois, discoid and opportunistic debitage, were recovered in fluvial and slope sediments rich in volcanoclastic materials. This site includes four distinct human occupation levels. In two of them both “shaping-façonnage” and “knapping-débitage” technologies are highlighted, placing this site at the Lower/Middle Palaeolithic transition.In the present study, geochronological analyses by ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar on single-crystal and ESR/U-series on teeth were performed to precise the chronological framework of the occupations. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data obtained securely bracket the human occupation levels at the transition between the interglacial and glacial marine isotopic stages MIS 11 (i.e. 400 ± 9 ka) and MIS 10 (i.e. 345 ± 9ka). The weighted mean age obtained from ESR/U-series dating of six teeth (i.e. 364 ± 36 ka) is in very good agreement with the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar results. The radio-isotopic constraints we presented place the Guado San Nicola site as one of the earliest testimonies of Levallois debitage in Western Europe and confirm the potential and accuracy of paleo-dosimetric methods to date Middle Pleistocene sites.  相似文献   

田野考古平剖面数据整合     

杨林  盛业华  裴安平 《地球信息科学学报》2012,14(1):81-84

 基于田野考古的原始平剖面数据,面向田野考古快速制图与场景三维重建,以田野考古发掘中的空间平剖面图为研究对象,从分析田野考古现有数据记录方式的特点入手,总结其平剖面数据整合的需求。在对田野考古数据成果的表达和分析的基础上,基于面向对象的思想,确定田野考古平剖面数据整合的规则,并基于GIS技术,设计与实现原始田野考古平剖面数据的基准统一、地层剖面图的拼接与整合。提出数据整合的方法,并结合田野考古数据源类型,阐述了具体的平剖面整合过程。利用真实的田野考古发掘资料,验证了本文提出的平剖面二维数据整合方法,为田野考古快速制图和报告整理提供方法,为实现田野考古遗址三维场景虚拟再现和复原提供数据基础,为解析堆积与遗迹的时空关系提供辅助决策工具和研究支持。  相似文献   

史前生业模式的环境考古学观察——以新疆温泉阿敦乔鲁遗址为例     

丛德新  贾伟明 《第四纪研究》2019,(1):218-227

新疆地处欧亚大陆的中部,是古代东西方文化交流的重要通道。新疆西部的温泉县阿敦乔鲁遗址的发现为早期东西方文化交流研究提供了重要的证据,其中多隔间的长方形房址和几个不规则形扩间的构造十分特殊。这种房址不同于以往发现的以农业经济为主的史前居址的构造。阿敦乔鲁遗址位于准噶尔盆地的西南缘,自然环境干旱,少雨,海拔相对较高。草场分布远多于可耕作土地。通过对阿敦乔鲁周围的环境科学的宏观分析,包括对古环境与现代环境的比较后发现,3600年前的阿敦乔鲁遗址的环境资源与现代十分相近。新疆温泉的现代居民的传统生业多以牧业为主,从事季节性转场的游牧经济。阿敦乔鲁的房址的隔间、扩间的特点与当地牧民的季节性居址,以及欧亚大陆的现代牧民的居址都很相近。根据阿敦乔鲁房址的地理位置及其出土物,并参考现代牧民居址的构造,确定了阿敦乔鲁遗址的人们当是以牧业为主。这一推论为今后其他科技考古对阿敦乔鲁遗存的微观分析提供了重要的参考。  相似文献   

RS技术与GIS技术在考古领域的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

熊苹  刘亚起 《测绘与空间地理信息》2005,28(5):107-108

介绍了遥感（RS）技术、地理信息系统（GIS）技术在考古领域的应用范围,分析了这2种技术在考古领域应用中的限制性因素,为应用遥感方法进行考古研究时了解相关技术的优势和缺陷提供了参考,以便于更有效地加以分析和利用.  相似文献   

Archaeometric characterisation and origin of black coatings on prehistoric pottery     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(3):453-466

Black or dark grey vessel surfaces with characteristic metallic lustre are recognised from various archaeological contexts throughout Europe. This feature is commonly attributed to the application of graphite-bearing coatings onto ceramic vessels. However, recent experimental studies have shown that a very similar visual effect can alternatively be achieved by polishing and, subsequently, firing in a reducing atmosphere (so-called smudging). In this study, experimentally manufactured ceramics as well as samples of prehistoric ware (dated to the Neolithic Age, late Bronze Age and early Iron Age) have been analysed to find the distinguishing features between graphite-based and non-mineral black coatings. In the low-magnification BSE images the well-preserved graphite-coated surfaces are characterized by a distinctive spotty pattern with numerous dark grey angular fragments of monomineralic or nearly monomineralic metamorphic rocks scattered in the clay groundmass. Provided that polished thin sections are skilfully prepared, individual graphite plates can be easily recognized in the near-surface layer of the sherds using polarized reflected light microscopy. A relatively homogeneous appearance is typical of the low-magnification BSE images of surfaces coated by smudging. At higher magnifications, presence of blurred darkish stains (presumably organic-derived, as indicated by elevated levels of biogenic elements) is characteristic of this kind of non-mineral black coatings. SEM-EDS and optical microscopy have been supplemented by micro-Raman spectroscopy, which allows differentiation between various carbonaceous phases.  相似文献   

Dating results on sedimentary quartz,bones and teeth from the Middle Pleistocene archaeological site of Coudoulous I (Lot,SW France): A comparative study between TT-OSL and ESR/U-series methods     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

This study presents palaeodosimetric results from the Middle Pleistocene archaeological site of Coudoulous I (Lot, SW France). Nine sedimentary quartz samples (41–60 μm) have been analyzed using a multiple aliquot protocol based on the measurement of the TT-OSL signal. In addition, 7 teeth and 7 bones have been dated by combining the ESR method with U-series analyses. Both methods gave consistent age results allowing correlation of the Early Middle Paleolithic Human occupation of the site to MIS 6 and part of the Lower Paleolithic tools to MIS 7. Beyond the establishment of a radiometric chronology for the Coudoulous I sequence, this study focuses on the information extracted from the intercomparison of the methods. Our data suggest that 1) the TT-OSL signal is stable over at least the last 230 ka (considering the age range of the studied samples), 2) there are not significant problems of incomplete bleaching leading support to the applicability of the TT-OSL technique for sedimentary deposits associated with karstic contexts. This approach highlights the interest of combining luminescence and ESR/U-series methods to discuss the reliability of the dating results.  相似文献   

中原地区遥感考古研究与实践   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨瑞霞  郭仰山  王超  鲁鹏 《地域研究与开发》2004,23(2):92-96

中原地区绵延不断的文化留下了丰富的文物资源,各种古文化遗址分布广泛,为遥感考古提供了众多意义重大的研究和实验课题。根据对不同时代文化遗址特征的分析,文章讨论了针对不同时代遗址遥感考古可以解决的主要问题;结合多年来对不同类型古遗址遥感考古探索和实践,认为针对不同类型(古城址、古运河、古长城等)的文化遗址对象和遥感考古内容,选择的遥感考古过程有所差异。  相似文献   

遥感考古解读   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈德超 《地理空间信息》2004,2(5):33-35,41

遥感考古是一门社会科学、技术科学和自然科学相交叉的新兴综合学科。文章对遥感考古的发展历程进行了回顾,探讨了其关键技术,并展望了其发展前景。  相似文献