香花岭及其邻区的岩浆岩研究取得新进展   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

徐永奎 《湖南地质》1992,11(2):103-109

本文根据1:50000香花岭幅综合方法提取的相关信息,在香花岭及其邻区共圈定了25个岩体含42个侵入体,建立了癞子岭、尖峰岭等10个单元,骑田岭、香花岭两个序列与印支、燕山两次构造岩浆作用期;并预测了香花岭、骑田岭地区的隐伏岩体及其顶面窿起区与凹陷区的识别标志。在此基础上,重新认识了香花岭矿田的控矿机制。  相似文献   

冷水江煤矿塘冲矿井的地质采勘对比分析     

袁正泉 《湖南地质》1992,11(4):318-323

塘冲矿井的大量井巷地质资料与原勘探精查报告对比分析表明,原精查报告内容与实际情况有较大出入,特别是控煤褶皱、断裂,煤层厚度与储量等方面,都存在较大差异,对矿山采矿影响颇大。究其原因,可能是勘查阶段受规范和技术手段等的限制,使原报告精度不够。因此,本文提出改进勘探方法,完善规范,提高勘查精度和加强煤矿生产补充勘探,都显得十分重要。  相似文献   

Cold seep deposits of Beauvoisin (Oxfordian; southeastern France) and Marmorito (Miocene; northern Italy): microbially induced authigenic carbonates   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

J. Peckmann  V. Thiel  W. Michaelis  P. Clari  C. Gaillard  L. Martire  J. Reitner 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(1):60-75

The relation of two well-known ancient carbonate deposits to hydrocarbon seepage was confirmed by this study. Archaea are found to be associated with the formation of Oxfordian seep carbonates from Beauvoisin and with a Miocene limestone from Marmorito ("tube-worm limestone"). Carbonates formed due to a mediation by archaea exhibit extremely positive or extremely negative δ¹³C_carbonate values, respectively. Highly positive values (+15‰) reflect the use of ¹³C-enriched CO₂ produced by methanogenesis. Low δ¹³C values of the Marmorito carbonates (–30‰) indicate the oxidation of seepage-derived hydrocarbons. Likewise, the δ¹³C content of specific tail-to-tail linked isoprenoids, biomarkers for archaea, was found to be strikingly depleted in these samples (as low as –115‰). The isotopic signatures corroborate that archaea were involved in the cycling of seepage-derived organic carbon at the ancient localities. Another Miocene limestone ("Marmorito limestone") shows a strong imprint of methanotrophic bacteria as indicated by δ¹³C values of carbonate as low as –40‰ and biomarker evidence. Epifluorescence microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that bacterial biofilms were involved in carbonate aggregation. In addition to lucinid bivalves previously reported from both localities, we infer that sponges from Beauvoisin and tube worms from Marmorito depended on chemosynthesis as well. Low δ¹³C values of nodules related to sponge taphonomy (–27‰) indicate that sponges might have been linked to an enhanced hydrocarbon oxidation. Tube worm fossils from Marmorito closely resemble chemosynthetic pogonophoran tube worms from Recent cold seeps and are embedded in isotopically light carbonate (δ¹³C –30‰). Received: 13 October 1998 / Accepted: 5 February 1999  相似文献   

Meso-scale testing and development of test procedures to maintain mass balance     

Bonner J  Page C  Fuller C 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,47(9-12):406-414

The Conrad Blucher Institute for Surveying and Science (Texas A&M University––Corpus Christi) has conducted numerous petroleum experiments at the Shoreline Environmental Research Facility (Corpus Christi, Texas, USA). The meso-scale facility has multiple wave tanks, permitting some control in experimental design of the investigations, but allowing for real-world conditions. This paper outlines the evolution of a materials balance approach in conducting petroleum experiments at the facility. The first attempt at a materials balance was during a 1998 study on the fate/effects of dispersant use on crude oil. Both water column and beach sediment samples were collected. For the materials balance, the defined environmental compartments for oil accumulation were sediments, water column, and the water surface, while the discharge from the tanks was presumed to be the primary sink. The “lessons learned” included a need to quantify oil adhesion to the tank surfaces. This was resolved by adhering strips of the polymer tank lining to the tank sides that could be later removed and extracted for oil. Also, a protocol was needed to quantify any floating oil on the water surface. A water surface (oil slick) quantification protocol was developed, involving the use of solid-phase extraction disks. This protocol was first tested during a shoreline cleaner experiment, and later refined in subsequent dispersant effectiveness studies. The effectiveness tests were designed to simulate shallow embayments which created the need for additional adjustments in the tanks. Since dispersant efficacy is largely affected by hydrodynamics, it was necessary to scale the hydrodynamic conditions of the tanks to those expected in our prototype system (Corpus Christi Bay, Texas). The use of a scaled model permits the experiment to be reproduced and/or evaluated under different conditions. To minimize wave reflection in the tank, a parabolic wave dissipater was built. In terms of materials balance, this design reduced available surface area as a sink for oil adsorption.  相似文献   

Evaluation of remedial alternatives for a petroleum contaminated unconfined aquifer with fluctuating groundwater level     

J.?Y.?Lee  C.?H.?Lee  K.?K.?LeeEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2003,44(8):968-978

This study evaluated remedial alternatives for a petroleum-contaminated site where an unconfined aquifer composed of a sandy layer of about 3–3.5 m thickness is covered by alluvial deposits and reclaimed soil of about 1.5 m thickness. Precambrian gneiss, of low permeability, lies below the sandy layer. The shallow water table is about 3 m below the surface, but shows high fluctuations of up to 1.5 m in response to precipitation events. The unsaturated soil near the water table and the groundwater are highly contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, especially toluene, which have apparently leaked from storage tanks. Selection of the remedial alternatives required consideration of the relevant laws on soil and groundwater conservation in Korea, the results of risk analysis and the hydrogeological conditions. The contaminated area has been divided into zones in which different remediation goals are set based on risk analysis and the degree of natural attenuation. It is estimated that the clean-up goal can be achieved in two years by the combined use of a trench drain and well point pumping to collect the contaminated groundwater for treatment, and a dual air injection system for the contaminated soil.  相似文献   

EROD activity, serum SDH and PAH biliary metabolites in sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis) collected in Port Phillip Bay, Australia     

Gagnon MM  Holdway DA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(3):230-237

In order to evaluate the health status of fish inhabiting Port Phillip Bay, Australia, southern sand flathead (Platycephalus hassensis, N = 133) were collected at six stations throughout the Bay. Fish had a similar serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activity level (p = 0.12), indicating that they were not experiencing hepatocellular injuries. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was generally lower in the non-urbanized and non-industrialized southern part of the Bay. The highest EROD activity was observed in Hobson Bay, the closest station from Melbourne city. Naphthalene-type biliary metabolites were also highest in Hobson Bay with intermediate levels found in Corio Bay where refineries are present. An opposite trend was observed with the pyrene-type bile metabolites, the highest levels being observed in Corio Bay while intermediate levels were found in Hobson Bay. The ratio of naphthalene-type to benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-type metabolites indicate that relatively to other sites sampled in Port Phillip Bay, Corio Bay is subjected to enriched petroleum hydrocarbons of pyrolytic origin. Temporal trends indicate that the availability of xenobiotics to fish remained unchanged over the 1990s.  相似文献   

佛坪自然保护区植物群落物种多样性与海拔梯度的关系   总被引：35，自引：4，他引：31  

岳明  张林静  党高弟  辜天琪 《地理科学》2002,22(3):349-354

用多元统计分析方法研究了佛坪自然保护区植物群落多种性及群落各生长型多样性特征沿海拔梯度的变化。结果表明：1）植物群落的Shannon指数与Simpson指数及物种丰富度与海拔梯度均呈显著负相关关系;2）乔木层的物种多样性沿海拔梯度的变化则体现了“中国高度膨胀”的规律,即中等海拔高度上多样性高而低海拔和高海拔多样性较低;3）灌木层丰富度指数在1600-1700m之间有个很不明显的峰值,而其它4个指标沿海拔呈单调的下降趋势;4）草本层植物多样性呈先降后升的趋势,在中等海拔高度较低。  相似文献   

Application of the luciferase cell culture bioassay for the detection of refined petroleum products   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ziccardi MH  Gardner IA  Mazet JA  Denison MS 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(10):983-991

A luciferase cell culture-based bioassay, developed to detect 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-like activity of halo-genated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, was optimized to detect refined petroleum products and to determine their relative inducing potency. Quality control standards from 32 refined products (gasolines and diesels, jet fuels, lubricating oils, fuel oils and weathered products) and three commercial products were evaluated. Induction equivalents (I-EQs) were determined by direct comparison of the EC50 and EC20 values (based on the median and 20% TCDD maximal response, respectively) from dose-response curves for each product to those obtained with TCDD. Most petroleum products were active in the luciferase bioassay, with those products composed of fractions produced later in the distillation process (i.e. fuel oils) inducing higher levels. Additionally, weathering of products reduced their induction potency. Based on the high I-EQ estimates of many products, biological effects associated with exposure may have been previously underestimated using other diagnostic methods.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部延安组铀异常与沉积体系的关系     

王敏芳  焦养泉  杨琴  吴立群  张承泽  原海涛  徐志诚 《现代地质》2006,20(2):307-314

在鄂尔多斯盆地东北部,延安组第V成因单元存在着多处铀异常,这对铀的后备战略基地建设有重要意义。从沉积学的角度重建了第V成因单元的沉积体系,识别出两种沉积体系,分别是位于研究区西北部的辫状河沉积体系和东南部的曲流河沉积体系。通过对铀异常信息的成功提取及平面编图,发现延安组中铀异常呈一个又一个具有自我中心的单元出现,且与曲流河沉积体系的关系密切:通常发育于河道分岔或转弯处;普遍发育于薄砂带(区),一般砂体厚度在30 m以下,含砂率小于40%;铀异常单元与厚煤层关系密切;主要赋存于粒度较细的岩性中,部分也富集于煤中,但铀异常最高值富集于中砂岩中。  相似文献   

黔中隆起及其周缘地区“下组合”油气地质特征   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

周明辉  梁秋原 《海相油气地质》2006,11(2):17-24

黔中隆起及其周缘地区包括滇黔北部坳陷、黔中隆起、滇东隆起、黔西南坳陷、黔南坳陷和武陵坳陷等六个一级构造单元。“下组合”包括震旦系、寒武系、奥陶系和志留系,具有丰富的油气资源和较好的油气成藏条件。两套区域性海相烃源岩,包括下寒武统牛蹄塘组碳质页岩和上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组石灰岩和碳质页岩,Ro值普遍在2%以上,主体处于高成熟晚期—过成熟早期。上震旦统陡山沱组发育地区性黑色页岩和碳质灰岩等烃源岩。主力储层包括上震旦统灯影组、中—上寒武统、下奥陶统桐梓组—红花园组及下志留统石牛栏组。区域盖层发育于下寒武统下部和下志留统下部,皆以泥质岩为主。各区块海相“下组合”纵向生储盖组合发育情况有所差异,黔中隆起区和黔南坳陷有两套组合,滇黔北部坳陷则有四套组合。以下寒武统牛蹄塘组为烃源岩、上震旦统灯影组白云岩为储层、下寒武统泥岩为盖层的生储盖组合,是黔中隆起及其周缘地区“下组合”勘探的主要目的层系。  相似文献