中韩第五次《东北亚地壳演化》学术研讨会在北京举行   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

东北亚地学中心 《岩石学报》1998,14(4):571-572

新疆天山东部广泛发育晚石炭世碳酸盐岩隆。这些岩隆主要为生物丘,少数为生物滩及与岩隆有关的生物层,其中生物丘含大量灰泥和内碎屑。基本岩石类型为泥粒状灰岩、粒泥状灰岩、粒泥状－泥粒状灰岩,少量岩石类型包括颗粒岩、骨架岩和障积岩。成岩作用是碳酸盐岩隆发展演化的重要阶段和过程,在生物丘内,已经识别出四种重要的胶结物,即球粒泥晶、纤状方解石、放射轴状方解石和粒状方解石。尽管缺失典型的造礁生物,但通过岩石类型研究和微相分析,认为碳酸盐岩隆的形成主要取决于生物作用及古环境格局。本区碳酸盐岩隆可以同欧洲瓦尔索坦的岩隆对比  相似文献   

冀北雾灵山碱性花岗质杂岩的岩石学,成因类型及构造意义   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7  

许保良  阎国翰 《岩石学报》1996,12(1):145-155

河北雾灵山碱性花岗质杂岩主要由似斑状碱长正长岩、碱长正长斑岩、碱性石英正长岩和碱性石英正长班岩组成，是华北地区燕山晚期岩浆活动的代表。本文系统报道了它的地质学、岩相学、岩石化学和地球化学的特征，讨论了它的成因类型归属和所代表的大地构造环境问题。这些资料表明；该杂岩体形成于白垩纪早期，是一个剥蚀程度较小、定位于浅成环境的硅饱和碱性－过碱性岩杂岩体，属裂谷－类裂谷Ａ型花岗岩类，它的出现表明华北地区早白垩纪时期曾处于板内裂谷－类裂谷的引张环境。  相似文献   

腾冲新岐花岗岩岩石学特征     

白嘉芬 《岩石学报》1987,3(3)

新岐花岗岩可分为细粒花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩、中粒铁锂云母花岗岩和蚀变二长岩四类。在化学成分上这些岩石富硅、富氟、富钾,而贫钛、铁、钙,镁,属于铝过饱和系列。主化学成分、微量元素特征、钾长石的三斜度、锶同位素初始比值表明本区花岗岩的成因类型属改造型(或S型)。伴生矿产有Sn、W、Nb、Ta、Li、Rb、Cs和TR等。  相似文献   

The geology, petrology, palynology and geochemistry of Permian coal basins in Tanzania: 2. Songwe-Kiwira Coalfield     

P. Semkiwa  W. Kalkreuth  J. Utting  F. Mpanju  H. Hagemann 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2003,55(2-4):157-186

This study provides coal quality, petrological, palynological and geochemical (Rock Eval) data on Permian coal seams and associated shales and mudstones of the Karoo Supergroup of the Songwe-Kiwira Coalfield, Tanzania. The coal seams, which have a cumulative thickness of 6.80 m, occur in the shale–coal–sandstone facies of the Mchuchuma Formation of Artinskian to Kungurian(?) age.Coal quality data (calorific values, volatile matter contents) and vitrinite reflectances indicate high volatile C bituminous to high volatile A bituminous coals, having relatively high ash yields (22–49 wt.%) and highly variable sulphur contents (0.17–9.2 wt.%). They could be used to fuel small-scale power generation units thereby providing electricity to nearby towns and villages. Also, the coals could be used as a substitute for wood, which is becoming increasingly scarce. In rural Tanzania, charcoal is still the main energy source for cooking, and wood is used extensively in brick kilns and for making roofing tiles.Petrological analysis indicated that the coals are dominated by dull to banded dull lithotypes, with seams at the base of the Mchuchuma Formation enriched in inertinite macerals (up to 83 vol.%), whereas up-section vitrinite contents increase. Palynological analyses indicated that the assemblage in the lower Mchuchuma Formation (Scheuringipollenites assemblage) is dominated by trilete spores, whereas in the remainder of the section, non-taeniate disaccates dominate (Scheuringipollenites–Protohaploxypinus assemblage). Facies critical macerals suggest for most seams a marsh/wet forest swamp depositional setting, which is consistent with the palynological data.Rock Eval analyses indicate type II/III kerogen, with Tmax (°C) values ranging from 426 to 440, corresponding to the early stage of hydrocarbon generation. Thermal Alteration Indices (2 to 2+) and vitrinite reflectance levels (0.60–0.83 Ro (%) support the Rock Eval maturity assessment, and despite the predominance of terrestrial-derived organic matter, there is evidence of oil generation and expulsion in the form of cavity and fracture filling exsudatinite.  相似文献   

Partial melting and decompression of the Thor-Odin dome, Shuswap metamorphic core complex, Canadian Cordillera   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Britt H. Norlander  Donna L. Whitney  Christian Teyssier  Olivier Vanderhaeghe 《Lithos》2002,61(3-4):103-125

The Thor-Odin dome region of the Shuswap metamorphic core complex, British Columbia, contains migmatitic rocks exhumed from the deep mid-crust of the Cordilleran orogen. Extensive partial melting occurred during decompression of the structurally deepest rocks, and this decompression path is particularly well recorded by mafic boudins of silica-undersaturated, aluminous rocks. These mafic boudins contain the high-temperature assemblages gedrite+cordierite+spinel+corundum+kyanite/sillimanite±sapphirine±högbomite and gedrite+cordierite+spinel+corundum+kyanite/sillimanite+garnet±staurolite (relict)±anorthite. The boudins are interlayered with migmatitic metapelitic gneiss and orthogneiss in this region.

The mineral assemblages and reaction textures in these rocks record decompression from the kyanite zone (P>8–10 kbar) to the sillimanite–cordierite zone (P<5 kbar) at T750 °C, with maximum recorded temperatures of 800 °C. Evidence for high-temperature decompression includes the partial replacement of garnet by cordierite, the partial to complete replacement of kyanite by corundum+cordierite+spinel (hercynite)±sapphirine±högbomite symplectite, and the replacement of some kyanite grains by sillimanite. Kyanite partially replaced by sillimanite, and sillimanite with coronas of cordierite±spinel are also observed in the associated metapelitic rocks.

Partial melt from the surrounding migmatitic gneisses has invaded the mafic boudins. Cordierite reaction rims occur where minerals in the boudins interacted with leucocratic melt. When combined with existing structural and geochronologic data from migmatites and leucogranites in the region, these petrologic constraints suggest that high-temperature decompression was coeval with partial melting in the Thor-Odin dome. These data are used to evaluate the relationship between partial melting of the mid-crust and localized exhumation of deep, hot rocks by extensional and diapiric processes.  相似文献   

《矿物岩石》载文被引情况分析研究     

蔡濂  王洪峰 《矿物岩石》2002,22(3):101-102

依据《中国科技论文统计与引文分析数据库》（CSTPC），采用文献计量的方法对《矿物岩石》载文被CSTPC来源期刊的引用情况进行统计分析及评价；其所载文献质量较高，作者群的地域分布较广，已形成具有自己风格和特色且相对稳定的研究体系；在中国地质学界有一定影响，不仅是我国地质科学研究领域最重要的信息源之一。也是我国主要的地质学核心期刊。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地巴楚小海子二叠纪超基性脉岩的地球化学特征及其成因探讨     

杨树锋 余星陈汉林  厉子龙王清华 罗俊成 《岩石学报》2007,23(5):1087-1096

巴楚小海子水库南闸附近出露的橄榄二辉岩岩墙SiO_2含量平均为42%,Na_2O K_2O<1%,Mg~#=0.67～0.69,Fe_2O_3为16.29%～19.37%,具高镁富铁型原生玄武质岩浆的地球化学特征。橄榄二辉岩稀土元素标准化值呈LREE富集的右倾平滑曲线,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,微量元素配分曲线呈大隆起型,指示板内拉斑玄武岩系列的地球化学特征。Eu异常很不明显,可能由于斜长石的弱分离结晶作用所致,Sr、K等大离子亲石元素的相对亏损缘于热液蚀变和流体交代。该超基性脉岩与其附近发现的基性脉岩具有相同的产状,相似的地球化学特征,指示它们来源于同一岩浆源区,并在相同的构造环境下产出。其Th/Ta、Nb/U、Nb/La和Zr/Ba等微量元素比值均显示岩浆源区可能为亏损的软流圈地幔,岩浆的侵位根源于深部地幔物质上涌,以及二叠纪板内区域拉张环境的有利配合。  相似文献   

华北龙岗第四纪玄武岩：岩石成因和源区性质   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

闫峻赵建新  刘海泉 《岩石学报》2007,23(6):1413-1422

华北克拉通东北缘龙岗第四纪玄武岩的地球化学研究为大陆碱性玄武岩的成因以及源区的性质提供了重要的依据。龙岗第四纪玄武岩为碱性玄武岩,具有类似 OIB 的 REE 和微量元素分配特征。岩石的 Sr-Nd 同位素轻度亏损(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr=0.7044～0.7048,ε_(Nd)=0.6～2.1),具有 Dupal 异常的高放射性成因 Pb 同位素组成(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb:17.734～18.194,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.553～15.594,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=38.322～38.707)。这种地球化学特征指示了原始岩浆起源于<70km 深度的地幔,并经历了一定程度的橄榄岩、单斜辉石和钛-铁氧化物的结晶分异。岩浆源区中以来类似 MORB 软流圈物质的熔体为主,另外有少量来自 EM Ⅰ性质的富集岩石圈地幔以及俯冲流体/熔体的物质贡献,显示了深部岩石圈-软流圈一定程度的相互作用以及太平洋板块俯冲的影响。岩浆源区多种端元组分的存在表明该地区岩石圈的减薄/置换受到多种因素的影响。  相似文献   

The metamorphic evolution of the high pressure mafic granulites of the Bacariza Formation (Cabo Ortegal Complex, Hercynian belt, NW Spain)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gumer Galn  Alberto Marcos 《Lithos》2000,54(3-4):139-171

The high pressure mafic granulites of the Bacariza Formation outcrop in the two uppermost structural units of the Cabo Ortegal Complex (La Capelada unit and Cedeira unit) were separated by a Variscan thrust. In both cases, they appear as heterogeneous metabasites in normal contact between ultramafic rocks and other more homogeneous and less differentiated metabasic rocks, also affected by catazonal metamorphism. The main difference between the mafic granulites in the two units is the degree of deformation, which is higher in the underlying Cedeira unit. Petrologic and mineralogical data indicate that the high-pressure (HP) granulites (Gt-Cpx±Amp-Pl±Qtz±Scp-Rt±Ilm-Czo) are already retrograde (M2 Stage), post-dating an earlier eclogite facies metamorphism (M1 Stage) characterised by the mineral associations: Gt-Cpx±Amp±Ky±Qtz-Rt and Gt-Cpx±Amp±Qtz±Zo-Rt. The main structure related to the exhumation processes is the development of a general mylonitic foliation that, although initiated in granulite facies conditions, was mainly equilibrated in amphibolite facies (M3 Stage). This foliation was affected by isoclinal folds, which led to the formation of the Variscan thrusts responsible for the present stacking position. Thrust conditions were transitional between amphibolite and greenschist facies (M4 Stage). Thermobarometric data point to different P–T exhumation paths in the two units. Estimated P–T conditions were higher in La Capelada unit during M1 (P≥13 kbar; 860°C) and M2 (15 kbar; 800°C) than in the Cedeira unit (M1: P≥11 kbar, 770°C; M2: 12 kbar; 750°C). Temperatures for the M3 stage were comparable (720°C) in both units but rocks from the Cedeira unit show a much bigger drop in pressure. This resulted in an isothermal decompression type path for the Cedeira unit, while both P and T decreased more steadily in La Capelada rocks. These were always located at deeper level than the Cedeira rocks before the Variscan stacking. The difference in the two paths is related to different exhumation rates; higher in rocks from the Cedeira unit than in those from La Capelada. Exhumation processes coeval with underthrusting, and a different location of the rocks with respect to the main shear zone responsible for the exhumation would account for the distinct paths.  相似文献   

兴蒙造山带东南缘黄松群中压型变质作用及其构造意义:岩石学、矿物学和年代学证据   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

于介江  许文良  高福红  王枫  柳佳成  郝文丽 《岩石学报》2015,31(9):2477-2494

本文报道了兴蒙造山带东南缘黄松群代表性岩石的岩相学、矿物化学成分和黑云母40Ar/39Ar定年结果,以确定它们的变质作用类型、变质温压条件、变质时代及其构造意义。岩相学研究表明黄松群主要由黑云斜长片麻岩、二云斜长片岩、斜长角闪片岩等代表性岩石以及不同类型的糜棱岩所组成。前者往往呈规模较小的面状分布,反映了主期区域动热变质作用,后者主要呈条带状分布,反映了后期低温动力变质作用的叠加与改造。此外,在与侵入体接触处产出的红柱石角岩反映了局部接触变质作用的存在。对黄松群代表性岩石的温压条件计算结果表明,该群主期变质作用的温压范围分别为525~597℃和5.8~7.5kb,地热梯度集中在21~27℃/km,揭示出黄松群中压型(绿帘角闪岩相-低角闪岩相)变质作用的存在。对含石榴二云斜长片岩中黑云母40Ar/39Ar定年结果为239.22±3.02Ma,而黑云母糜棱岩中黑云母的40Ar/39Ar定年结果为193.91±2.16Ma,结合黑云母的封闭温度和研究区已有的年代学资料,认为前者反映黄松群中压型变质作用的时代为晚二叠世-早三叠世,而后者反映黄松群经历的后期低温动力变质作用发生在早侏罗世。结合区域上同时代变质作用、岩浆作用以及沉积建造特征和区域构造演化历史,认为黄松群晚二叠世-早三叠世中压型变质作用与华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞拼合的地球动力学背景有关,该期变质作用标志着古亚洲洋东段的最终闭合已经完成。  相似文献