Oxygen isotope compositions of phosphate from arvicoline teeth and Quaternary climatic changes, Gigny, French Jura     

Nicolas Navarro  Christophe Lécuyer  Sophie Montuire  Cyril Langlois 《Quaternary Research》2004,62(2):172-182

Oxygen isotope compositions of biogenic phosphates from mammals are widely used as proxies of the isotopic compositions of meteoric waters that are roughly linearly related to the air temperature at high- and mid-latitudes. An oxygen isotope fractionation equation was determined by using present-day European arvicoline (rodents) tooth phosphate: δ¹⁸O_p = 20.98(±0.59) + 0.572(±0.065) δ¹⁸O_w. This fractionation equation was applied to the Late Pleistocene karstic sequence of Gigny, French Jura. Comparison between the oxygen isotope compositions of arvicoline tooth phosphate and Greenland ice core records suggests to reconsider the previously established hypothetical chronology of the sequence. According to the δ¹⁸O value of meteoric water-mean air temperature relationships, the δ¹⁸O value of arvicoline teeth records variations in mean air temperatures that range from 0° to 15°C.  相似文献   

Geochemical dissociation of major and trace elements in bed and suspended sediment phases of the phosphate mines effluent water, Jordan     

Tayel El-Hasan 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(4):621-629

The bed and suspended (slime) sediment phases associated with effluent water that are produced from phosphate-ore-upgrading process at Al-Abyad mine in the southern part of Jordan were analyzed chemically and mineralogically. The results show that the effluent water is highly oxic and mildly alkaline in nature. The geochemical behavior of each phase was controlled by the effluent water physicochemical parameters, sediment particle size, mineralogical constituents of the studied phases, and the prevailing climatic nature of the area. Bed sediments have higher concentrations of many elements than slime. Accordingly, the bed sediments can be considered as a sink rather than a pool for many elements. The geochemical dissociation of major oxides and trace elements between bed and slime sediments was evident using t test, particularly between P₂O₅, SiO₂, CaO, K₂O, Mn, Sr, Y, and Co, and to lesser extent, V, U, Zn, and Cr. This might be attributed to effluent water characteristics, mineralogy, and the presence of fine-grained materials. The spatial distribution of major oxide and trace element concentrations along the stream drainage exhibited a slight increase with distance either in bed or slime sediment phases. However, they increased suddenly at the last three sampling sites, which might be due to the abundance of fine-grained materials that are mainly composed of clay minerals (montmorillonite) that would enhance the adsorption process. Moreover, the XRD results confirmed the existence of elemental geochemical dissociation as a function of mineral control.  相似文献   

N—P—K复肥四元体系KCl—KH_2PO_4—CO（NH_2）_2—H_2O在     

张逢星  魏小兰  崔斌  马亚军  郭志箴 《盐湖研究》1996,(1)

基于Ｎ—Ｐ—Ｋ三元复肥的物理化学基础．首次测定了四元体系ＫＣｌ—ＫＨ２ＰＯ４—ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２在２９８．２Ｋ时的溶度及饱和溶液的折光率，绘制了体系的溶度图和折光率──组成图。该体系的溶度图属低共饱型，平衡固相为组份化合物，低共饱点组成为：１００ｇ饱和溶液中．ＫＣｌ１３．３１ｇ，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４３．３３ｇ，ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２４７．２６ｇ，Ｈ２Ｏ３６．１０／１０ｇ。  相似文献   

Authigenic dolomite cementation in the Upper Cretaceous Phosphate Formation, Western Desert, Egypt     

Rifai I. Rifai  Mohamad N. Shaaban 《Sedimentary Geology》2007,202(4):702-709

The Upper Cretaceous Phosphate Formation in the Western Desert of Egypt displays a characteristic facies association that includes marine phosphorites interbedded with black shales and glauconitic sandstones. The upper part of the formation is characterized by the presence of thin phosphatic beds, which are filled-extensively-with disordered and non stoichiometric (mean MgCO₃ = 41.4 ± 0.34 mol%) authigenic dolomite cement. SEM and the back scattered images of these coarse crystalline dolomite cements reveal that they display planar euhedral crystal boundaries, polymodal crystal size distribution and variable inclusion pattern. The relatively low and wide ranged δ¹⁸O (− 0.87 to − 4.15‰ VPDB) values of the dolomite cements coupled with their depleted Sr (mean = 187 ± 26 ppm) and high iron and manganese values (mean = 6851 ± 554 ppm and 11599 ± 229 ppm respectively) invoke that they were formed from mixed hypo-saline fluids within a mixing marine-meteoric zone probably during a low stand period at the vicinity of the Maastrichtian/Early Tertiary unconformity. Meanwhile, their negative δ¹³C (− 1.31 to − 3.56‰ VPDB) values argue for a possible involvement of isotopically light carbon, derived from degradation of organic matter, during their precipitation.  相似文献   

Present and past bio-available phosphorus budget in the ultra-oligotrophic Lake Brienz     

Beat Müller  David Finger  Michael Sturm  Volker Prasuhn  Thomas Haltmeier  Peter Bossard  Catherine Hoyle  Alfred Wüest 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2007,69(2):227-239

  相似文献   

黄河口磷酸盐缓冲机制的探讨Ⅲ.磷酸盐交叉缓冲图及"稳定pH范围"   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

石晓勇  史致丽 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(4)

于 1 994年 5月— 1 995年 6月在实验室进行了不同磷酸盐浓度、pH条件下的悬浮物吸附解吸模拟实验 ,对黄河口磷酸盐的缓冲机制进行了探讨。黄河口悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量 (解吸量 )随磷酸盐浓度的增大而增大 (减小 ) ,零平衡时磷酸盐浓度 (EPC0 )值在 0 .4— 1 .3μmol/dm3之间 ,且随温度的升高和悬浮物粒度的增大而略有减小。黄河口悬浮物的线性吸附系数 (K)在 0 .0 3— 0 .40dm3/g之间 ,且随温度的升高呈线性关系增加 ,随悬浮物粒度的减小呈指数形式增加。盐度对EPC0 和K基本没有影响。在pH对黄河口悬浮物吸附和解吸磷酸盐的影响实验中 ,首次发现在pH约为 7.7— 9.3范围内存在“稳定pH范围” ,在此范围内悬浮物对磷酸盐的吸附量和解吸量不随水体pH值发生变化。此范围的大小和位置随实验条件不同而略有变化 ,稳定pH范围随温度的上升有所减小且左移 (pH减小方向 ) ,随着悬浮物粒度的增大稳定pH范围有所增大且右移。  相似文献   

中国磷矿资源需求预测   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙小虹  陈春琳  王高尚  熊先孝  高鹏  赵明  唐尧 《地球学报》2015,36(2):213-219

世界上约66%的磷矿石用于生产磷肥,磷矿的合理开采和利用直接关系国家粮食安全以及人类的生存发展,磷矿工业的可持续发展对化肥工业和农业生产均具有重要意义。本文通过对典型工业化国家人均磷肥消费与人均GDP倒"U"形规律的分析,结合我国历史磷肥消费状况、氮磷钾科学施肥比例以及未来经济发展趋势,分三种经济增长情景(即高增长、参考和低增长)对我国未来的磷肥需求进行预测,并根据磷矿消费结构,进一步估算了磷矿资源的需求。根据本研究的预测结果,中国磷肥需求峰值预计可能在2020—2025年到来,届时磷肥需求可能达到1700~1800万吨(折P2O5100%),磷矿石需求总量可能达到2000~2100万吨(折P2O5100%)。这一预测结果将会对指导磷肥的合理施用,以及磷矿的可持续开发利用起到积极作用。  相似文献   

Late Pleistocene climatic change in the French Jura (Gigny) recorded in the δO of phosphate from ungulate tooth enamel     

Magali Fabre  Christophe Lcuyer  Jean-Philip Brugal  Romain Amiot  Franois Fourel  Franois Martineau 《Quaternary Research》2011,75(3):605-613

Oxygen isotope compositions of phosphate in tooth enamel from large mammals (i.e. horse and red deer) were measured to quantify past mean annual air temperatures and seasonal variations between 145 ka and 33 ka in eastern France. The method is based on interdependent relationships between the δ¹⁸O of apatite phosphate, environmental waters and air temperatures. Horse (Equus caballus germanicus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) remains have δ¹⁸O values that range from 14.2‰ to 17.2‰, indicating mean air temperatures between 7°C and 13°C. Oxygen isotope time series obtained from two of the six horse teeth show a sinusoidal-like signal that could have been forced by temperature variations of seasonal origin. Intra-tooth oxygen isotope variations reveal that at 145 ka, winters were colder (? 7 ± 2°C) than at present (3 ± 1°C) while summer temperatures were similar. Winter temperatures mark a well-developed West–East thermal gradient in France of about ? 9°C, much stronger than the ?4°C difference recorded presently. Negative winter temperatures were likely responsible for the extent and duration of the snow cover, thus limiting the food resources available for large ungulates with repercussions for Neanderthal predators.  相似文献   

Late Pleistocene (MIS 3–4) climate inferred from micromammal communities and δO of rodents from Les Pradelles,France     

Aurélien Royer  Christophe Lécuyer  Sophie Montuire  Gilles Escarguel  François Fourel  Alan Mann  Bruno Maureille 《Quaternary Research》2013

The middle Paleolithic stratigraphic sequence of Les Pradelles (Charente, France) spans from the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 until the middle of MIS 3. Micromammal remains are present in all the stratigraphic levels, offering a rare opportunity to address the questions of both environmental and climatic fluctuations throughout this period. Climate modes were studied through the taphonomy, biodiversity and oxygen isotope compositions of phosphate (δ¹⁸O_p) from 66 samples of rodent tooth enamel. The δ¹⁸O_p values from the lower sedimentary levels provide summer mean air temperatures of 19 ± 2°C (level 2/1) and of 16 ± 2°C (levels 2A, 2B and 4A). Within the middle of sequence (level 4B), a paleobiodiversity change can be identified with an increase of Dicrostonyx torquatus, which is associated with the largest amplitude in δ¹⁸O_p values and the highest maximal δ¹⁸O_p values. At the top of the sequence (level 5-2), a biodiversity change is observed with the increase of Microtus arvalis, but without any change in δ¹⁸O_p values. The association of cold rodent species with unexpected high and large amplitudes in the δ¹⁸O_p values of their teeth, possibly indicative of aridity, suggests their deposition during a Heinrich event.  相似文献   

湖南省××磷矿选矿工艺研究     

吴艳妮 《化工矿产地质》2014,(2):117-120

针对湖南省××磷矿矿石性质及可选特性,采用擦洗脱泥—浮选联合工艺选别,有效降低了能耗和药耗,使P2O5品位由15.78%富集至30.77%,P2O5回收率为82.40%,磷精粉达到酸法加工用磷矿石一等品Ⅰ级标准。  相似文献