西南印度洋中脊63.9°E斜长石超斑状玄武岩对超慢速扩张洋脊岩浆过程的指示     

程石  周怀阳 《岩石学报》2019,35(11):3565-3577

人们对超慢速扩张洋中脊深部岩浆过程的了解至今仍十分模糊。我们对西南印度洋洋中脊(Southwest Indian Ridge,SWIR) 63. 9°E处采集到的斜长石超斑状玄武岩(Plagioclase Ultra-Phyric Basalt,PUB)进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。样品具有以下几个特征:斜长石斑晶的体积分数高达～25%,而橄榄石斑晶的体积分数约1%;尽管该样品中玻璃的成分与同一洋脊段玄武岩的成分基本一致,但高Fo橄榄石斑晶与玻璃基质的成分不平衡;不同类型的斜长石晶体之间存在成分差异,单个斜长石大斑晶中的An值也呈现出与正常的结晶分异过程不符的环带;斜长石斑晶中发育溶蚀、筛状等不平衡结构。因此,我们认为,斜长石超斑状玄武岩经历了多期次熔体的作用,是由通过密度分选聚集在岩浆房顶部的斜长石斑晶被之后的火山喷发带出海底形成。尽管斜长石超斑状玄武岩与同一洋脊段的非斑状玄武岩之间并不存在母熔体成分上的差别,但超斑状玄武岩的出现进一步反映了超慢速扩张洋壳岩浆活动的多样性。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and fluid inclusions of scheelite-mineralized granodiorite porphyries from southern Anhui Province,China     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

We report petrological, cathodoluminescence (CL), major and trace element analyses and fluid inclusion studies on scheelite (W)-mineralized granodiorite porphyries from Dongyuan and Zhuxiling, southern Anhui Province (China). In Dongyuan, the larger part of the granodiorite porphyry body is mineralized with W concentrations up to 1140 g/t (total WO₃ reserves >140 000 tonnes), whereas in Zhuxiling mineralization is spatially more limited. All mineralized rocks are strongly altered, containing abundant calcite and no fresh plagioclase. W-mineralized rocks show higher K, Pb and lower Na, Sr, Ti contents compared to the non-mineralized ones. Co-variations between mobile elements (K, Na, Pb, Sr, Rb, etc.) and W, combined with petrological observations, demonstrate that fluid alteration must have controlled the mineralization. In quartz from both deposits 4 types of fluid inclusions have been recognized, i.e., aqueous-carbonic (WC-type), aqueous (W-type, subdivided into Wm-type containing minor detected CO₂ and Wn containing no CO₂), carbonic (pure CO₂, C-type) and late secondary aqueous inclusions (LW-type). WC- and LW-type inclusions represent the original magmatic fluids and meteoric waters, respectively. The other inclusions represent evolved magmatic fluids which are closely related to alteration and mineralization. WC-, Wm- and Wn-type inclusions show higher salinity and lower homogenization temperatures, indicating fluid immiscibility with CO₂ effervescence. Additionally, during plagioclase alteration and precipitation of K-feldspar and sericite the K/Na ratio is lowered and Ca released. The precipitation of scheelite must have been promoted by increasing Ca contents in the fluid and also by increasing pH due to CO₂ loss. The present study demonstrates that for granitic rocks without calcareous wall rock, plagioclase breakdown must have been the key factor for scheelite mineralization. The presence of CO₂-rich fluid indicates that both deposits formed in the same intracontinental extension setting as those in the Nanling region. Thus, the Yanshanian granites from southern Anhui Province may have a great potential for W mineralization, especially the blind ones in deep levels.  相似文献   

Measured and computed neutralization potentials from static tests of diverse rock types     

J. L. Jambor  J. E. Dutrizac  M. Raudsepp 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(6):1173-1185

Static tests typically are used in the initial stage of environmental assessments to predict the potential for acid mine drainage, and also are used to monitor waste disposal at active mining operations. The neutralization potential (NP) of 19 sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous extrusive rocks was measured by the Sobek method to compare the results with those computed by using the quantitative mineralogy of the rocks and the NP values that were deemed to be appropriate for the individual minerals. Most of the computed NP values of the rocks are lower than the measured values, but a close relationship is evident. If the contents of carbonate minerals are low, the NP in non-ultramafic igneous rocks typically is controlled by the amount of Ca substitution in plagioclase, whereas in ultramafic rocks the NP contribution is dominated by the amount of olivine and serpentine. Compositional and NP analyses of plagioclase concentrates indicate that the NP systematically varies from <1 for the Na end-member to about 14 for compositions near that of the Ca end-member. Among several variables that can affect the Sobek NP values, the volume and normality of the acid added to the sample are well-known to influence the results; however, the temperature and duration of the acidification stage can also have a pronounced effect on the measured NP of some rocks, depending on their mineralogy. Fizz tests to estimate the carbonate content and the consequent acid addition are highly subjective, and the ‘no fizz’ rating is not to be taken literally. The NP results themselves provide a clear indication of whether a sample has been over-acidified or under-acidified in the test procedure.  相似文献   

富挥发分岩浆补给对斑岩型铜-钼矿床形成的关键作用:以西藏尼木岗讲矿床为例     

田丰  冷成彪  张兴春  田振东  张伟 《岩石学报》2021,37(9):2889-2909

西藏冈底斯带中段的岗讲斑岩铜-钼矿床发育多期次侵入体,而成矿作用主要与其中一期岩体(流纹英安斑岩)密切相关。为探究其原因,本文对岗讲斑岩铜-钼矿床中发育的各期次侵入体进行了全岩主、微量元素分析,并重点研究各期次侵入体内部新鲜斑晶(黑云母、斜长石)和副矿物(锆石、磷灰石)的化学成分和结构特征。结果表明,矿区各期次侵入岩均属于高钾钙碱性系列,具有相近的锆石饱和温度,都来自较为氧化的岩浆。此外,相比其他期次侵入岩,主成矿期的流纹英安斑岩中的磷灰石具有较高的SO_3、Cl含量,较低的F含量;黑云母含有较高的Cl含量和较低的F含量;同时,斜长石发育反环带。这些证据表明,在主成矿期岩浆就位之前,存在富S、Cl的偏基性岩浆注入了深部岩浆房,并发生岩浆混合作用,这不仅导致了主成矿期斑岩体的就位,同时还诱发流体出溶进入浅部岩浆房,并最终形成岗讲斑岩铜-钼矿床。  相似文献   

东天山自然铜矿化带玄武岩的起源、演化及成岩构造背景   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4  

袁峰  周涛发  张达玉  范裕  刘帅  彭明兴  张建滇 《岩石学报》2010,26(2):533-546

新疆东天山地区与玄武岩有关的自然铜矿化带位于东天山觉罗塔格构造带内,自西向东有十里坡、黑龙峰、长城山、东尖峰等主要矿(化)点,自然铜矿化主要发育在玄武岩、杏仁状玄武岩及凝灰岩夹层中。本文基于玄武岩的地球化学特征,研究东天山自然铜矿化带玄武岩是否与地幔柱有关、岩浆源区性质、岩浆演化、成岩构造背景等问题。研究显示,东天山自然铜矿化带玄武岩与地幔柱岩浆活动无直接关系,整个天山地区是否存在石炭-二叠纪地幔柱岩浆活动也需要进一步的研究; 玄武岩起源于亏损岩石圈地幔,是演化岩浆的产物; 演化的玄武质岩浆形成后,在岩浆房中或上升至地表的过程中没有发生明显的分离结晶作用,也没有受到明显的地壳物质混染; 与玄武岩对应的地幔橄榄岩平衡原生岩浆演化的高镁岩浆的产物,可能为东天山地区与铜镍硫化物成矿有关的基性-超基性岩,指示这些铜镍硫化物矿床可能与地幔柱岩浆活动也没有关系; 玄武岩形成于新疆北部后碰撞构造阶段的伸展期,是在拉张应力体制下,由于软流圈上涌导致岩石圈地幔部分熔融而形成。  相似文献   

Emplacement of Amba Dongar carbonatite-alkaline complex at Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary: Evidence from40Ar-39Ar chronology     

Jyotiranjan S. Ray  Kanchan Pande  T. R. Venkatesan 《Journal of Earth System Science》2000,109(1):39-47

  相似文献   

大别造山带南坡晚白垩世玄武岩源区地幔特征   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

匡少平  张本仁  凌文黎  韩吟文 《地质科学》2001,36(2):203-211

大别造山带南坡中生代断陷盆地中出露大量晚白垩世碱性玄武岩类。因岩浆受结晶分异和陆壳混染影响微弱,其成分基本可代表本区原生玄武岩浆。在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图上,本区玄武岩具有地壳富集组分Pb、K、Rb、Ba等的正异常和Nb、P、Hf等高场强元素的负异常。同位素和微量元素特征显示,玄武岩浆来自亏损地幔(DM)和富集地幔(EM+EM)混合源区。玄武岩源区地幔中Pb的富集和Nb、P、Hf等的亏损基本可由中国东部亏损地幔与榴辉岩的混合获得,由此揭示富集地幔端元组成特征可能与晚白垩世前造山带根部榴辉岩拆沉并参与地幔再循环有关。  相似文献