137Cs and 210Po in Pacific walrus and bearded seal from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska     

Hamilton T  Seagars D  Jokela T  Layton D 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(6):1158-1167

The activity concentration of Cesium-137 ((137)Cs) and naturally-occurring Polonium-210 ((210)Po) were measured in the muscle tissue, kidney and liver of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) collected by native hunters from the Bering Sea during May 1996. The mean (137)Cs concentrations in muscle, liver and kidney of Pacific walrus were 0.07, 0.09 and 0.07 Bq kg(-1) (n=5, wet weight), respectively, and 0.17, 0.10, and 0.17 Bq kg(-1) (n=2, wet weight), respectively, in bearded seal. In general, (137)Cs tissue concentrations are significantly lower than those previously reported for mammals from other regions. By comparison, (210)Po activity concentrations are more variable and appear to be higher level compared with mammal data from other regions. The mean (210)Po concentration in the muscle tissue, liver and kidney of Pacific walrus (n=5, wet weight) were 28.7, 189, and 174 Bq kg(-1), respectively. This compares with (210)Po concentration values (n=2, wet weight) of 27, 207 and 68 Bq kg(-1) measured in the muscle tissue, liver and kidney, of bearded seal, respectively. Estimated concentration factors--as defined by the radionuclide concentration ratio between the target tissue to that in sea water--were two to three orders of magnitude higher for (210)Po that those of (137)Cs. We conclude from radiological dose estimates that ingestion of (137)Cs in foods derived from walrus and seal will pose no threat to human health. This work has important implications for assessment of risks of Alaskan coastal communities concerned about the dumping of nuclear waste in the Russia Arctic.  相似文献   

Sedimentary response to Late Quaternary sea-level changes in the Romagna coastal plain (northern Italy)   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Amorosi  Colalongo  Pasini  & Preti 《Sedimentology》1999,46(1):99-121

Data from 17 continuously cored boreholes, 40–170 m deep, reveal the subsurface stratigraphy of the Romagna coastal plain. Sedimentological and microfaunal data allow the distinction of eight facies associations of Late Pleistocene–Holocene age, including 18 lithofacies and 16 faunal associations. Ten ¹⁴C dates provide the basis to establish a sequence stratigraphic framework for the succession corresponding to the upper part 35 ky BP of the last glacio-eustatic cycle. The eight facies associations can be grouped into lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. The upper part of the lowstand systems tract consists of alluvial plain deposits. These accumulated during the Late Pleistocene when the shoreline was ≈250 km south of its present-day position. A pronounced stratigraphic hiatus (between 25 and 8·8 ky BP) is invariably recorded at the upper boundary (transgressive surface) of these Pleistocene, indurated and locally pedogenized alluvial deposits. The succeeding postglacial history is represented by a well developed transgressive–regressive cycle. Transgressive deposits, interpreted to reflect the rapid landward migration of a barrier–lagoon system, include two wedge-shaped, paralic and marine units. These thicken in opposite directions and are separated by a ravinement surface. Above the transgressive deposits, the maximum flooding surface (MFS) marks the change from a transgressive barrier–lagoon complex to a prograding, wave-dominated delta system (early Po delta). The MFS can be traced landwards, where it constitutes the base of lagoonal deposits. An aggradational to progradational stacking pattern of upper delta plain (marsh), lower delta plain (lagoon/bay), and delta front (beach ridge) deposits reflects the progressive increase in the sediment supply/accommodation ratio during the following highstand. The alluvial deposits capping the sequence accumulated by the 13th century AD, in response to an avulsion event that caused abandonment of the former Po delta lobe and the northward migration of the Po River towards its present position.  相似文献   

CLIMATIC VARIATIONS IN THE COASTALZONE- COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PORIVER DELTA (ADRIATIC SEA, ITALY) ANDTHE HUANGHE RIVER DELTA (BOHAI SEA,CHINA)     

Francesco Marabini  Antonio Veggiani  秦蕴珊  苍树溪 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,(3)

The aim of this work is to research the influence of natural climatic changes on the evolution of the coastal zone in modern times and the possible implication of human activities on the configuration of the present coastline.Comparison of data of two very far and different areas , the Po River delta, Adriatic Sea and the Huanghe River delta, Bohai Sea, reveals the planetary diffusion of climatic fluctuations and their effects on coastal evolution .  相似文献   

Natural and Anthropic Middle-term Variations in the Delta System at the Mouth of the Goro River (Po Delta, Italy)     

Carlo Del Grande  Giovanni Gabbianelli  Umberto Simeoni 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):169-183

Abstract. The modern delta system of the Po River is the result of an evolution strictly controlled by anthropic factors and mainly developed during a period of climatic deterioration (Little Ice Age 1550/1850).
At the beginning of the 17^th century the main branch of the Po River, Fornaci Po, was modified with the "Cut of Viro" in order to avoid landfill of the Venetian Lagoon. Simultaneously, the southernmost branch of Ariano, or Goro, was forced to flow southwards. Subsequent sedimentary variations, caused by changes in the climatic conditions, contributed to make the area supplied by the Goro Po River increasingly lagoonary. In the second half of the 19^th century (end of the Little Ice Age – L.I.A. –), the first coastal spits started to take shape and developed in different systems throughout the entire following century. Coastal spits turned out to produce in the original bay, a progressive closure towards the sea. The strong decrease in solid loads, characterising the second half of the 20^th century and mainly due to anthropic factors, marks the beginning of a new phase extending to the overall Po Delta system, in which the mouth layout is controlled by wave energy.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽海底热液喷出口附近海水中~(210)Pb和~(210)Po的行为     

杨永亮  日下部正志  山本惠幸 《海洋学报》2001,(6)

讨论了在冲绳海槽伊平屋海岭和南奄西海丘两处海底热液喷出口附近海水中的铀系子体放射性核素2 10 Pb和2 10 Po浓度的垂直分布剖面 .在伊平屋海岭 ,甲烷及2 2 2 Rn的数据表明海底热液活动不强 ,总2 10 Pb和2 10 Po放射性均低于它们各自母体的放射性 ,2 10 Pb和2 10 Po在海水中的平均停留时间分别为 2 0和 2～ 5a ,而在以“黑色烟雾”为特征的海底热液活动强烈的南奄西海丘 ,在”烟雾”中的总2 10 Pb含量 ( 0 1 6 7× 1 0 -3～ 2 50× 1 0 -3Bq/kg)相对其母体2 2 6Ra贫乏 ,而总2 10 Po含量 ( 1 83× 1 0 -3～ 2 83×1 0 -3Bq/kg)则相对其母体2 10 Pb过剩 .该处海水中的2 10 Po的放射性高于东海陆架区及冲绳海槽其他海区 ,并且显示了2 10 Po过剩 .2 10 Pb/ 2 2 6Ra以及2 10 Po/ 2 10 Pb放射性比值的范围分别为 0 1～ 0 4和 1 1～ 7 8.在热液扩散带中2 10 Pb被优先从海水中清除 .控制南奄西海丘海水中2 10 Pb浓度的可能机制涉及到2 10 Pb通过扩散作用的横向输送 .在热液扩散带中高2 10 Po/ 2 10 Pb放射性比值表明2 10 Pb的耗尽及2 10 Po从海底热液喷出口的加入 .  相似文献   

Interaction between Climate Changes, Eustacy and Land Subsidence in the North Adriatic Region, Italy   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Laura Carbognin  Luigi Tosi 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):38-50

Abstract. The North Adriatic coastal area has experienced a serious relative sea level rise whose main component is land subsidence. Geological regional subsidence is ascribable to compaction and to deformation of substratum. Anthropogenic subsidence, which is due to ground fluid removal, has been severe in the second half of the 19th century, reaching values in meters. It is without doubt the main factor responsible for the instability of the entire coastal ecosystem. Widespread retreat of shoreline, seawater invasion, decay of vegetation, changes in the habitat of the flora and fauna have occurred. Sea level rise alone is linked to climate changes, which exhibit fluctuations of the order of a few hundred years; here, cold-wet periods alternated with warm-dry periods and, within them, shorter cold-wet and hot-dry cycles lasting for decades also alternated.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽海底热液喷出口附近海水中210Pb和210Po的行为   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨永亮  日下部正志  山本惠幸 《海洋学报》2001,23(6):59-75

讨论了在冲绳海槽伊平屋海岭和南奄西海丘两处海底热液喷出口附近海水中的铀系子体放射性核素210Pb和210Po浓度的垂直分布剖面.在伊平屋海岭,甲烷及222Rn的数据表明海底热液活动不强,总210Pb和210Po放射性均低于它们各自母体的放射性,210Pb和210Po在海水中的平均停留时间分别为20和2～5a,而在以“黑色烟雾”为特征的海底热液活动强烈的南奄西海丘,在”烟雾”中的总210Pb含量(0.167×10-3～2.50×10-3Bq/kg)相对其母体226Ra贫乏,而总210Po含量(1.83×10-3～2.83×10-3Bq/kg)则相对其母体210Pb过剩.该处海水中的210Po的放射性高于东海陆架区及冲绳海槽其他海区,并且显示了210Po过剩.210Pb/226Ra以及210Po/210Pb放射性比值的范围分别为0.1～0.4和1.1～7.8.在热液扩散带中210Pb被优先从海水中清除.控制南奄西海丘海水中210Pb浓度的可能机制涉及到210Pb通过扩散作用的横向输送.在热液扩散带中高210Po/210Pb放射性比值表明210Pb的耗尽及210Po从海底热液喷出口的加入.  相似文献   

广西福海山地区物探测量结果及其解释     

梁永东  刘艳华  舒孝敬 《铀矿地质》2014,(1):44-50,64

简要介绍了高精度磁测、210 Po法和EH-4电导率成像系统的工作原理。通过对已知矿床剖面试验成果分析解释,发现在铀矿体上方地表存在负磁异常和210 Po异常。把福海山地区高精度磁测和210Po法面积测量结果与已知矿床剖面试验成果进行对比分析,圈出了铀矿化区和断裂构造F1、隐伏断裂F0的分布特征,并采用EH-4电磁测深进行验证。说明利用高精度磁测和210 Po法可以有效地推测出测区构造、断裂带的分布范围,为矿区矿化地段深部找矿工作提供有利的勘查区域范围,为下一步的普查工作提供了可靠的地球物理依据。  相似文献   

Present-day 3D structural model of the Po Valley basin,Northern Italy     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

A 3D structural model of the Po Valley basin (Northern Italy) was built by integrating the dataset available from the public domain (DEM, wells, isobath-maps, cross-sections, outcrop-trends).The model shows the complex foredeep-foreland architecture across the basin, from the Moho level to the topography while illustrating the top Basement, top Triassic, top Mesozoic and base-Pliocene surface-grid structures.The results, by model slicing and isopach-map reconstruction, suggest that the deep Moho architecture and the original tectonics of the ancient Adria-Po Valley passive continental margin are key factors in controlling the current structures type, orientation and distribution, at any of the shallowest levels across the basin. In particular, the analysis of the final 3D Mesozoic geometries against the pre and post-Alpine trends confirms the structural interference between the mutually perpendicular Triassic–Jurassic extensional structures and the Tertiary compressional ones, this being evident from the regional to the oil-field scale.Despite the model uncertainty, mainly related to its dimension versus the original non-homogeneous dataset quality and distribution, the final geo-volume offers, for the first time in the region, a continuous three-dimensional visualization of the Po Valley tectonic architecture. It provides, simultaneously, a powerful tool for the reviewing of the basin structures and the potential support to future applications for both industry and academia.  相似文献   

Contrasting behaviors of ²¹⁰Po, ²¹⁰Pb and ²³⁴Th in the East China Sea during a severe red tide: Enhanced scavenging and promoted fractionation     

Qiangqiang Zhong  Linwei Li  Viena Puigcorbé  Dekun Huang  Tao Yu  Jinzhou Du 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(8):5-21

210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th were determined in water columns of the East China Sea (ECS) to investigate their biogeochemical behaviors during a severe red tide event. Dissolved 210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th accounted for large fractions of the total phases. The abnormally high concentrations of dissolved 210Pb were observed. Partition behaviors of these radionuclides were influenced by particle content effect and particle composition based on distribution coefficient (K_d) vs. total suspended matter (TSM) content and K_d vs. ratios of particulate organic carbon and total suspended matter contents (POC/TSM content ratios). The peaks of mass specific activities of 210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th indicated that degraded particles could have an intensified enrichment ability for radionuclides compared with the surficial suspended matters. Fractionation factor of 210Po and 210Pb (F_Po/Pb) (>1) and fractionation factor of 210Po and 234Th (F_Po/Th) (>1) were much higher at algal blooming regions than that at non-blooming stations, indicating that algal blooms promoted the fractionation of 210Po against 210Pb and 234Th, and proving that 210Po exhibited a stronger affinity for biogenic particles than 210Pb and 234Th when POC content increased in the sea. POC/210Po, POC/210Pb and POC/234Th ratios (content/activity ratios) sharply decreased with depth in both algal bloom and non-bloom stations. The outbreak of algal bloom promoted the complexity of suspended particles and increased the variability of POC/tracer ratios (content/activity ratios) in the different depth of the shallow seas. More considerations should be taken to the difficulty of the selection of export interface and the suitable tracers when algal blooming occurs.  相似文献