内蒙古金厂沟梁金矿床成矿流体特征及稳定同位素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙珍军  李学源  于赫楠  孙国胜  朱继浩  陆丽娜  薛怀宇  苏蓉 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,(3)

对金厂沟梁金矿床含金石英脉中流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温、单个包裹体的激光拉曼测试以及O和S同位素组成等方面研究。结果表明,成矿流体气相成分主要为H2 O,属H2 O-NaCl体系,包裹体均一温度为148.7℃～352℃,盐度[ w （ NaCl ）/％]为1.05％～5.99％。δ18 O值为-1.1‰～3.0‰,说明成矿流体继承了变质流体的特征,仍以岩浆水和后期大气降水为主;δ34 SV-CDT组成为0.6‰～4.3‰,平均值0.817‰,极差为3.1‰,表明成矿流体中的硫主要来自于幔源,其次为围岩。综合分析认为,金厂沟梁金矿床是在燕山晚期太平洋板块俯冲导致岩石圈的快速减薄、拆沉的拉张环境下形成的浅成造山型金矿。  相似文献   

Field experiments of multi-channel oceanographic fluorescence lidar for oil spill and chlorophyll-a detection     

Xiaolong Li  Chaofang Zhao  Youjun Ma  Zhishen Liu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):597-603

A Multi-channel Oceanographic Fluorescence Lidar (MOFL), with a UV excitation at 355 nm and multiple receiving channels at typical wavelengths of fluorescence from oil spills and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), has been developed using the Laser-induced Fluorescence (LIF) technique. The sketch of the MOFL system equipped with a compact multi-channel photomultiplier tube (MPMT) is introduced in the paper. The methods of differentiating the oil fluorescence from the background water fluorescence and evaluating the Chl-a concentration are described. Two field experiments were carried out to investigate the field performance of the system, i.e., an experiment in coastal areas for oil pollution detection and an experiment over the Yellow Sea for Chl-a monitoring. In the coastal experiment, several oil samples and other fluorescence substances were used to analyze the fluorescence spectral characteristics for oil identification, and to estimate the thickness of oil films at the water surface. The experiment shows that both the spectral shape of fluorescence induced from surface water and the intensity ratio of two channels (I ₄₉₅/I ₄₀₅) are essential to determine oil-spill occurrence. In the airborne experiment, MOFL was applied to measure relative Chl-a concentrations in the upper layer of the ocean. A comparison of relative Chl-a concentration measurements by MOFL and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) indicates that the two datasets are in good agreement. The results show that the MOFL system is capable of monitoring oil spills and Chl-a in the upper layer of ocean water.  相似文献   

红外光谱/扫描电镜等现代大型仪器岩石矿物鉴定技术及其应用   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

杜谷  王坤阳  冉敬  王风玉  潘忠习 《岩矿测试》2014,33(5):625-633

传统的光学显微镜由于分辨率、放大倍数的限制,对于细微颗粒的定性分析不准确,矿物的定量分析存在一定的误差,对纳米-微米级矿物形貌及结构特征的观察束手无策。随着油气勘探及地质找矿的不断深入,需要提供岩石中所有矿物、孔隙及微量元素的信息,因此整合傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、扫描电镜的优点,建立以大型仪器为基础的岩石矿物鉴定方法是当前地质工作的需要。红外光谱光谱范围为7500~370 cm-1,能对固、液、气样品中含量高于30%的矿物进行快速、准确的定性分析;主要用于有机质分析,其次还可对部分具有极性键的无机化合物及金属氧化物进行分析。X射线衍射仪能快速地对样品中含量大于15%的矿物进行较为准确的定量分析;现今主要用于各类晶质矿物的定性分析,同时也可对碳酸盐岩矿物等不含水矿物进行定量分析。拉曼光谱仪光谱范围为200~1000 nm,空间分辨率为横向0.5μm、纵向2μm,通过对包裹体进行测试能直接获得成岩过程中的温度、压力、流体成分等信息;目前主要用于流体包裹体成分的测试,其次还可对分子极化度会发生变化的液态、粉末及固体样品进行定性分析。扫描电镜分辨率达到1 nm,能清晰地观察到纳米-微米级矿物的形貌特征及矿物的结构特征;主要用于纳米-微米级的任何非磁性固体矿物的形貌及相关关系的观察。通过大型仪器建立的岩石矿物鉴定方法具有更高的分辨率,显著地提高了岩矿鉴定的精准度,大大拓宽了岩矿鉴定的范围(如鉴定纳米/微米级的矿物、矿物的不同变种等),能够全面、精准地提供岩石矿物的矿物含量和矿物组成、客观准确的成岩作用信息、清晰的矿物微观形貌及结构特征,而且仪器功能相互重叠,测试结果相互验证,保证了测试结果的可靠性。与传统光学显微镜鉴定方法相比,现代大型仪器岩石矿物鉴定技术为揭示矿物间的共生、反应、演化、岩石的成因、沉积/成岩环境等提供了依据,为地质工作提供准确、全面的矿物定性定量、组构特征及成岩作用等信息,为地质工作的顺利完成奠定了坚实的基础。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰伟晶岩中绿柱石拉曼光谱特征研究——以可可托海3号脉与阿祖拜328、528号脉为例     

周天怡  陈衍景  张辉 《岩石矿物学杂志》2014,33(S2):77-84

本文对新疆可可托海3号伟晶岩脉中的绿柱石与阿祖拜328、528号伟晶岩脉中的宝石级绿柱石开展拉曼光谱对比研究,获得以下主要结论: ① 阿祖拜328、528号伟晶岩脉中宝石级绿柱石以富含Ⅰ型H₂O为特征,可可托海3号脉早期形成的结构带(Ⅰ-Ⅱ带)中绿柱石以及相对富H₂O岩浆体系中形成的绿柱石(Ⅳ带)以存在Ⅰ型H₂O为主,演化程度相对较高,岩浆体系中结晶的结构带(Ⅲ带)以及岩浆-热液过渡阶段体系形成的结构带(Ⅴ带)中绿柱石以含有Ⅱ型H₂O为特征; ② 在可可托海3号脉以及阿祖拜328号、528号脉绿柱石矿物中均发现冰晶石矿物包体,指示伟晶岩岩浆含有较高的F含量;③ 绿柱石通道水类型(Ⅰ型H₂O、Ⅱ型H₂O)及相对比例,是伟晶岩岩浆-热液演化过程及其形成条件的响应,在相对氧化的岩浆体系中主要形成绿柱石矿物,而相对还原的富H₂O岩浆体系更有利于海蓝宝石形成.  相似文献   

红外光谱和拉曼光谱在热处理海蓝宝石鉴定中的应用     

杨如增  杨松 《地质科学译丛》2014,(1):46-49

在适当的热处理条件下,黄绿色绿柱石能够转变为理想颜色的海蓝宝石。天然海蓝宝石与热处理海蓝宝石的价格差异较大,因此探索热处理海蓝宝石的诊断性鉴定特征就显得十分必要。对不同温度下热处理海蓝宝石进行傅里叶变换红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱的测试分析,结果发现,当热处理温度超过400℃后,随着加热温度的升高,在红外光谱中由[Fe2（OH）4]2＋伸缩振动gI起的3233cm叫处吸收谱峰明显减弱,直至消失。5268cm叫附近由水伸缩和弯曲振动}I起合频区的吸收带由尖峰变得宽缓;8700,6818cm叫两处水吸收峰的相对强度也随着加热温度升高而减弱。热处理海蓝宝石Si-0-Si伸缩振动产生的在682,3604cm叫处的拉曼光谱谱峰强度随着加热温度升高逐渐减弱,1070cm“处的拉曼峰强度明显降低。经700℃加热后,拉曼光谱基线明显向上方漂移。这些光谱特征变化对热处理海蓝宝石的鉴定有重要意义。  相似文献   

NH₄Cl水溶液的微观结构和宏观物性研究          下载免费PDF全文

张宇  李非  费莉婷  纪志永  赵颖颖  郭小甫  刘杰  王士钊  汪婧  毕京涛  张盼盼  张丁予  袁俊生 《盐湖研究》2022,30(4)

通过拉曼光谱、同步辐射X射线散射和密度泛函理论(DFT)模拟,研究了质量分数为1.0 %-28.0 %的NH₄Cl水溶液的微观结构变化。同时在室温下测量了粘度、接触角和电导率。由拉曼光谱和密度泛函理论模拟结果可知,当溶质浓度升高至10.0 %时,在2900 cm_-1^和3100 cm_-1^{附近出现了明显的}N-H作用峰,且随着质量分数的升高,NH₄Cl水溶液中的氢键类型发生了转变。X射线散射结果表明,当NH₄Cl水溶液质量分数升高至10.0 %时,差值对分布函数G(r)在2.98 ?附近出现明显双峰,表明在该浓度下溶液中NH₄₊^-Cl_-^{接触离子对开始成为主要微观作用形式。对}NH₄Cl水溶液的宏观物性研究表明,粘度、接触角和电导率均随着NH₄Cl水溶液质量分数的增加而增大。作者推断,NH₄Cl水溶液中氢键类型的转变、O-H...N键占比增多以及逐渐增加的NH₄₊^-Cl_-^{接触离子对},是粘度和接触角随溶质浓度增加而增加的微观本质因素;电导率的增加与溶液中有效导电离子数量增加有关。  相似文献   

Improvement in the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer and experimental justification based on Er_0.01Yb_xY_{1 - 0.01 - x}VO₄ crystal     

陈晓波  卢建  张蕴芝  徐小灵  冯宝华  王策  Gregory J. Salamo  杨国建 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

The improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is studied in the present work. The additional proportion coefficient between Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensities of quantum Raman scattering theory as compared with the classical Raman theory is introduced to successfully describe the anti-Stokes energy transfer. The theoretical formula for the improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is derived for the first time in this study. The correctness of introducing coefficient exp{ΔE / kT} from well-known Raman scatter theory is demonstrated also. Moreover, the experimental lifetime measurement in Er_0.01Yb_xY_{1 - 0.01 - x}VO₄ crystal is performed to justify the validity of our important improvement in the original phonon-assisted energy transfer theory for the first time.  相似文献   

Three steps of serpentinization in an eclogitized oceanic serpentinization front (Lanzo Massif – Western Alps)     

B. DEBRET  C. NICOLLET  M. ANDREANI  S. SCHWARTZ  M. GODARD 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2013,31(2):165-186

The Lanzo peridotite massif is a fragment of oceanic lithosphere generated in an ocean–continent transition context and eclogitized during alpine collision. Despite the subduction history, the massif has preserved its sedimentary oceanic cover, suggesting that it may have preserved its oceanic structure. It is an exceptional case for studying the evolution of a fragment of the lithosphere from its oceanization to its subduction and then exhumation. We present a field and petrological study retracing the different serpentinization episodes and their impact on the massif structure. The Lanzo massif is composed of slightly serpentinized peridotites (<20% serpentinization) surrounded by an envelope of foliated serpentinites (100% serpentinization) bordered by oceanic metabasalts and metasedimentary rocks. The limit between peridotites and serpentinites defines the front of serpentinization. This limit is sharp: it is marked by the presence of massive serpentinites (80% serpentinization) and, locally, by dykes of metagabbros and mylonitic gabbros. The deformation of these gabbros is contemporaneous with the emplacement of the magma. The presence of early lizardite in the peridotites testifies that serpentinization began during the oceanization, which is confirmed by the presence of meta‐ophicarbonates bordering the foliated serpentinite envelope. Two additional generations of serpentine occur in the ultramafic rocks. The first is a prograde antigorite that partially replaced the lizardite and the relict primary minerals of the peridotite during subduction, indicating that serpentinization is an active process at the ridge and in the subduction zone. Locally, this episode is followed by the deserpentinization of antigorite at peak P–T (estimated in eclogitized metagabbros at 2–2.5 GPa and 550–620 °C): it is marked by the crystallization of secondary olivine associated with chlorite and/or antigorite and of clinopyroxene, amphibole and chlorite assemblages. A second antigorite formed during exhumation partially to completely obliterating previous textures in the massive and foliated serpentinites. Serpentinites are an important component of the oceanic lithosphere generated in slow to ultraslow spreading settings, and in these settings, there is a serpentinization gradient with depth in the upper mantle. The seismic Moho limit could correspond to a serpentinization front affecting the mantle. This partially serpentinized zone constitutes a less competent level where, during subduction and exhumation, deformation and fluid circulation are localized. In this zone, the reaction kinetics are increased and the later steps of serpentinization obliterate the evidence of this progressive zone of serpentinization. In the Lanzo massif, this zone fully recrystallized into serpentinite during alpine subduction and collision. Thus, the serpentinite envelope represents the oceanic crust as defined by geophysicists, and the sharp front of serpentinization corresponds to an eclogitized seismic palaeo‐Moho.  相似文献   

Temporal electronic structure of non-resonant Raman excited virtual state of P-nitroaniline by 514 nm excitation via bond polarisabilities     

王培杰  方炎  吴国祯 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(11)

We have studied the temporal bond polarisabilities of para-nitroaniline from the Raman intensities by the algorithm proposed by Wu et al. in 1987 (Tian B, Wu G, Liu G 1987 J. Chem. Phys. 87 7300). The bond polarisabilities provide much information concerning the electronic structure of the non-resonant Raman excited virtual state. At the initial moment by the 514.5 nm excitation, the tendency of the excited electrons (mapped out by the bond polarisabilities) is to spread to the molecular periphery, and the electronic structure of the Raman virtual state is close to the pseudo-quinonoidic state. When the final stage of relaxation is approached, the bond polarisabilities of those peripheral bonds relax faster than those closer to the molecular core, the phenyl ring. The molecule is in the benzenoidic form as demonstrated by the bond polarisabilities after relaxation.  相似文献   

Raman spectroscopic analysis of cyanobacterial colonization of hydromagnesite, a putative martian extremophile     

Howell G.M. Edwards  Caroline D. Moody  Susana E. Jorge Villar  Michael J. Russell 《Icarus》2005,175(2):372-381

Raman spectra of an extremophile cyanobacterial colony in hydromagnesite from Lake Salda in Turkey have revealed a biogeological modification which is manifest as aragonite in the stratum associated with the colony. The presence of key spectral biomarkers of organic protectant molecules such as β-carotene and scytonemin indicate that the survival strategy of the cyanobacteria is significantly one of UV-radiation protection. The terrestrial location of this extremophile is worthy of consideration further because of its possible putative link with the “White Rock” formations in Sabaea Terra and Juventae Chasma on Mars.  相似文献