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41.
桂北新元古代强过铝花岗岩的成因：锆石年代学和Hf同位素制约 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17
处于江南造山带的西端的桂北发育有大量前寒武纪火成岩,其中,强过铝花岗岩所占面积大于90%,镁铁-超镁铁质岩大约为8%。强过铝的花岗岩在地球化学特征上可分为花岗闪长岩和花岗岩两种类型。一些学者认为它们的形成与(超级)地幔柱活动和Rodinia超大陆的裂解有关。本文对桂北地区的花岗岩进行了La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和La-MC-ICP- MS锆石Hf同位素研究,寨滚、本洞、峒马、三防和田朋岩体的形成年龄分别为835．8±2．5 Ma,822．7±3．8 Ma,824±13 Ma,804．3±5．2 Ma和794．2±8．1 Ma。定年结果表明,地球化学特征不同的两类花岗岩成岩年龄也不相同：花岗闪长岩的年龄为835～820 Ma,花岗岩则形成于810～800 Ma期间。锆石核部8个分析点和捕获锆石2个分析点给出了870 Ma到950 Ma的新元古代早期年龄值,可能记录了本区与江南造山带东部对应的950～870 Ma期间俯冲或碰撞导致的岩浆事件。本洞、三防和田朋岩体锆石的(~(196)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i比值分别为0．282176±0．000021、0．282149±0．000021和0．282175±0．000030。其ε(?)(t)值、Hf模式年龄与它们的ε_(Nd)(t)值、Nd模式年龄所展现出来的特征一致,表明桂北强过铝花岗岩主要是由基底沉积岩系部分熔融形成的,花岗闪长岩的源区有相对更多的幔源镁铁质组分。桂北这些花岗岩的年龄揭示了一个大约35Ma的岩浆事件,其形成不能用岩浆活动周期短(通常为1～5Ma)的地幔柱模型解释。这些花岗岩在构造判别图解中也位于碰撞和后碰撞区,形成于扬子和华夏板块间的碰撞高峰(约870Ma)之后,应属后碰撞花岗岩类。在俯冲板片折断和岩石圈拆沉之后,深部地幔的上涌和所伴随的拉张作用可能会导致基底岩石部分熔融产生了这些强过铝花岗岩。 相似文献
42.
关于东天山花岗岩与陆壳垂向增生的若干认识 总被引：27，自引：25，他引：27
东天山海西期主碰撞以后形成的花岗岩可分为三个阶段：挤压．伸展转折阶段（310～285Ma）、碰撞后伸展阶段（285-250Ma）和板内阶段（250-208Ma）。这三个阶段在岩石圈厚度、等温线形态和动力学状态等方面的差异，造成了不同阶段花岗岩岩体形态、岩石组合、岩相学和地球化学等方面的差异。除了底侵以外，幔源岩浆的内侵可以造成地壳不同层次岩石的部分熔融，也是花岗质岩浆生成的重要机制和地壳垂向增生的重要方式。东天山的片麻状花岗岩有一部分是变质交代成因的，这类花岗岩的形成与碰撞后幔源岩浆的底侵和内侵有关。变质峰期后韧性剪切带中构造细粒化的岩石是形成片麻状花岗岩的最有利部位。虽然这类花岗岩多数定位于地壳较深层次，但在内侵热量的影响下也可以定位于较浅层次。康古尔韧性剪切带的形成除了构造动力作用以外，还与地壳垂向增生，尤其是内侵有着密切联系，是构造动力、岩浆活动、变质作用和流体运移等复杂反馈的结果。博格达造山带碰撞前和碰撞后岩浆岩均具有正的εNd（t）值，表明该造山带地幔早在碰撞前就已亏损，而碰撞后的地幔则继承了碰撞前地幔的亏损特征。东天山在印支期有一次重要的地壳垂向增生事件，其岩浆活动和成矿作用与古特提期洋的俯冲和随后的碰撞密切有关，因此是东天山从中亚构造体制向特提斯体制转换的产物。 相似文献
43.
西准噶尔萨吾尔地区Ⅰ型花岗岩同位素精确定年及其意义 总被引：5，自引：11，他引：5
西准噶尔萨吾尔地区地处新疆阿勒泰地区吉木乃县及塔城地区和丰县。区内酸性侵入岩较发育,森塔斯岩体中二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为328．2±5．7Ma(1σ),沃肯萨拉岩体中二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为323．8±6．2Ma(1σ),塔斯特岩体二长花岗岩全岩~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄为313．6±3．2Ma(1σ),形成于早石炭世晚期。各岩体均具有Ⅰ型花岗岩特征,岩石偏碱性,Nd、Sr、Pb同位素显示出其幔源特征,具正常O同位素组成。森塔斯岩体、沃肯萨拉岩体和塔斯特岩体属于后碰撞花岗岩,其形成表明早石炭世晚期萨吾尔地区乃至西准噶尔地区已处于后碰撞构造环境,它们可能是后碰撞阶段挤压-伸展转变期的产物。森塔斯岩体、沃肯萨拉岩体和塔斯特岩体的岩石地球化学特征与准噶尔地区已知的Ⅰ型花岗岩(成岩年龄为300Ma左右)相似,但其发育显示准噶尔地区后碰撞Ⅰ型花岗岩的形成应始于早石炭世晚期。研究区早石炭世晚期后碰撞Ⅰ型花岗岩的确定为区域晚古生代地壳的垂向增生提供了新的证据。 相似文献
44.
Geodynamic setting of gold deposits in Eastern and Central Trans-Baikal (Chita Region, Russia) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
It is proposed that there are three types of gold deposits in Eastern and Central Transbaikalia (Trans-Baikal province), namely: (i) high-sulphide intrusion-related deposits with some signs of porphyry deposits, (ii) low-sulphide intrusion-related deposits, and (iii) low-sulphide epithermal Au–Ag deposits. Most of the gold deposits belong to the first two types, and their ages are Middle–Late Jurassic. Deposits of the third type are not numerous, and their age is Early Cretaceous.The majority of the gold mineralization is spatially related to the two branches of the Mongolia–Okhotsk suture, along which Siberia collided, at the Early/Middle Jurassic boundary, with the Mongolia–North China continent and the Onon island-arc terrane located between the two continents. Collision-related thrusting, folding and magmatism lasted until the latest Jurassic, when they gave way to post-collisional rifting that continued until the end of Early Cretaceous.According to their age, relation to magmatism and tectonic framework, the intrusion-related deposits (high- and low-sulphide) were formed in a regional collisional setting. Extensional environments at that time existed only in local areas in the roofs of great magmatic chambers. Low-sulphide epithermal deposits were formed during Early Cretaceous post-collisional rifting. 相似文献
45.
The Urals are characterized by a depression of the Moho to a depth of 57 km. This structure is interpreted as a relic orogenic root, which has been conserved because no significant post-collisional processes occurred. However, there is evidence that voluminous post-collisional magmatism affected the lower crust. In this paper, we use thermal finite element models to quantify the influence of the post-collisional magmatism on the stabilization of the root. We show that at least 70% of the heat producing elements migrated in granitic melts from the lower crust to the upper crust. As a result the crustal heat flow reduced and the lithosphere could stabilize at a thickness of 180 km. Furthermore, we propose that a granulite metamorphic event during the thermal relaxation of the collision zone prevented the 57 km thick crust from delamination. These results strongly indicate that post-collisional processes were necessary for the stabilization of the Uralian crust and lithosphere. 相似文献
46.
华北板块北缘是研究古亚洲洋演化及其与华北克拉通北缘相互作用过程的关键地带,但其晚古生代特别是泥盆纪时期的构造演化一直存在争议,辽北地区出露的泥盆纪岩浆岩为解决这一科学问题提供了新的证据。本文以昌图地区新发现的祥子岭和夏家沟花岗质岩体以及红花店变流纹岩为研究对象,开展了岩相学、地球化学、年代学以及Lu-Hf同位素等研究,并对其岩石成因及构造环境进行了探讨。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,祥子岭黑云母二长花岗岩侵位年龄为389±2Ma,夏家沟二长花岗岩侵位年龄为377±7Ma,红花店变流纹岩年龄为385±2Ma,是泥盆纪岩浆活动的产物。这些岩石具有高硅(SiO_(2)=71.23%~77.39%)、富碱(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O=8.23%~10.25%),贫铁(FeO^(T)=1.17%~2.68%)、镁(MgO=0.01%~0.24%)、钙(CaO=0.40%~1.27%),以及准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.84~1.03)的地球化学特征,并且富集Rb、Th、Pb和亏损Ba、P、Ti。结合较低的Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量(109.4×10^(-6)~329.4×10^(-6))、10000×Ga/Al比值(0.57~3.59)和锆饱和温度(716~778℃),昌图泥盆纪岩浆岩表现出高分异I型花岗岩的特征。此外,样品的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值皆为正值(6.4~14.6)且随着结晶年龄的年轻而显著升高,表明研究区泥盆纪岩浆岩是幔源基性岩浆与新生地壳再融熔体发生岩浆混合作用的产物,在岩浆演化过程中经历了结晶分离作用。结合区域资料分析,辽北昌图泥盆纪岩浆岩形成于伸展环境,与晚志留世末白乃庙弧与华北克拉通北缘发生弧-陆碰撞后的地壳伸展作用有关。 相似文献
47.
东昆仑造山带东段发现一套早泥盆世双峰式侵入岩岩体组合。本文对该套双峰式侵入岩开展了岩石学、锆石UPb年代学、岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd及Hf同位素研究,结果显示:(1)该套双峰式侵入岩主要由橄榄辉长岩、辉长岩和碱长花岗岩组成,其定年结果分别为410.3±2.7Ma、409.3±2.7Ma和410.5±1.8Ma,表明其形成于早泥盆世。此外,基性岩浆在侵位过程中捕获了形成于晚奥陶世至中-晚志留世(445～428Ma)的锆石。(2)橄榄辉长岩和辉长岩位于钙碱性系列-低钾拉斑质系列区域,Mg~#=82～84,相对富集Rb、U、K、Pb、Nd等,相对亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、P等;碱长花岗岩具有高Si、K,高FeO~T/MgO,低Al、Mg、Ca,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb、Nd等,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Eu、Ti等,显示出A型花岗岩特征。(3)基性岩ε_(Nd)(t)=-3.38～-6.21,ε_(Hf)(t)=-4.04～+2.83(大部分为负值),Nd和Hf模式年龄分别为t_(DM2)(Nd)=1282～1511Ma和t_(DM2)(Hf)=1236～19141Ma;碱长花岗岩ε_(Nd)(t)=-3.33～-3.65,ε_(Hf)(t)=-0.03-2.45,Nd和Hf模式年龄分别为t_(DM2)(Nd)=1277～1303Ma和t_(DM2)(Hf)=1245～1396Ma。岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd及Hf同位素特征揭示该套双峰式侵入岩的基性端元和酸性端元来源于不同的岩浆源区,基性端元来自于EMII型富集地幔并遭受地壳混染,经历了橄榄石、辉石的分离结晶;酸性端元为低压高温条件下长英质地壳的部分熔融。结合区域构造演化认为原特提斯洋在早泥盆世已经完成闭合,此时东昆仑地区处于后碰撞伸展环境。 相似文献
48.
Bassam A. Abuamarah Mokhles K. Azer Amany M.A. Seddik Paul D. Asimow Pedro Guzman Brent T. Fultz M.J. Wilner Nathan Dalleska Mahmoud H. Darwish 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2022,82(1):125840
The Homrit Akarem granitic intrusion (HAGI) outcrops near the western edge of the south Eastern Desert basement exposure in Egypt. It is a composite of two cogenetic intrusive bodies: an early albite granite phase shallowly emplaced at the apex of a magmatic cupola, and a later subjacent pink granite phase with a marginal zone of muscovite granite and better preservation of magmatic features. Mineral chemistry of primary biotite and garnet, together with whole-rock chemistry, identify the HAGI as a highly fractionated A-type peraluminous intrusion. The chemistry of F-dominant, Li-bearing, Fe3+-rich primary magmatic mica in the pink granite resembles that typically found in highly evolved Nb-Y-F pegmatites. The HAGI is the evolved product of a primary magma generated by partial melting of juvenile crust of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS), emplaced along a regional strike-slip fault system that promoted its ascent. The main emplacement mechanism and evolutionary sequence of the HAGI was magmatic, although secondary minerals and textures resulting from hydrothermal fluid interactions are observed, especially at its margins. Primary columbite-(Mn) crystallized from melt and was partly replaced by secondary fluorcalciomicrolite. The high fluorine content of magmatic fluids exsolved from the intrusion is indicated by quartz-fluorite veins, greisenization, albitization, and F-bearing secondary oxide minerals. The magmatic derivation of this fluid is demonstrated by the F-dominant primary mica, a siderophyllite-polylithionite solid solution commonly known as zinnwaldite. The chemistry of zinnwaldite constrains the F/OH activity ratio and oxygen fugacity of its parental melt and thereby resolves the ambiguity between pressure and the effects of F in controlling the normative quartz content of rare-metal granites. The HAGI is less mineralized than the post-collisional rare-metal granites found further east in the south Eastern Desert, replicating a trend observed previously in the central Eastern Desert and suggesting that east-west zoning in rare metal enrichment is a persistent feature across latitudes at the western edge of the ANS. 相似文献
49.
西秦岭格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩岩石成因:黑云母矿物学特征约束 总被引：13，自引：5，他引：8
西秦岭造山带位于松潘-甘孜地体、碧口地体、祁连造山带和东昆仑造山带等多个块体的结合部位,经历了古特斯洋北枝的构造演化,发育了巨量的印支期岩浆活动与显著的金、铜(钼)、铅锌成矿作用,为研究秦岭印支期造山作用与成矿过程提供了可靠物质记录,是理解古特提斯洋北枝构造演化及成矿系统的关键。本文通过对西秦岭南缘格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩进行系统的岩石学、岩相学研究与黑云母成分的电子探针原位分析,厘定了矿物形成的物理化学条件,探讨了岩石成因及形成的构造环境,为解析秦岭造山带印支期造山过程中壳幔演化、构造-岩浆活动提供了矿物尺度的制约。研究表明,格尔括合花岗闪长斑岩中黑云母Fe2+/(Mg+Fe2+)比值介于0.22%~0.34%,并显示贫钙的特征,属于典型的岩浆成因黑云母。黑云母化学成分FeO T与MnO呈现正相关性,FeO T、MnO值与MgO值呈现负相关性,表明其结晶过程中可能发生了Mg2+和Fe2+的置换反应,而Mn则主要以类质同象替代Mg进入黑云母晶格。黑云母Al2O3介于16.15%~14.97%,TiO 2介于2.81%~2.05%,卤族元素(F、Cl)含量介于1.73%~0.84%。黑云母的氧化系数为0.27~0.56,MF值为1.33~1.57,Mg#为0.66~0.78,单位分子中阳离子数AlⅥ为0.08~0.18,以单位分子中Ti和Al阳离子数计算的黑云母结晶温度为629~684℃,结晶压力为131~181MPa,相应的侵位深度为5.0~7.1km。上述特征指示该岩体为壳幔混源成因的I型花岗岩,黑云母结晶于相对高温和高氧逸度的环境,岩浆结晶分异程度高。根据岩浆岩内黑云母成分构造环境判别,结合区域上同时期岩体的地质、地球化学特征,推测格尔括合岩体形成于西秦岭晚三叠世后碰撞伸展构造环境,可能是由底侵的幔源岩浆与广泛部分熔融的下地壳物质混合后上升至浅部岩浆房,并发生结晶分异而形成的具有壳幔混源成因的I型花岗岩。 相似文献
50.