古田地震水口水电站重力坝强震观测记录的谱结构特征     

郑师春  张锦福  赵志伟  连玉平 《华南地震》2010,30(1):68-75

通过对水口水电站重力坝强震反应台站在古田地震中获取的强震反应观测资料进行信噪比、反应谱和功率谱分析,得到如下结论:①大坝在0.7～15 Hz频率段的振动特性较为可信;②坝基和自由场输入地震动富于高频,峰值加速度反应谱存在较大差异;③坝基输入地震动存在差异性,建议今后此类大坝抗震设计时考虑多点地震动输入;④单个卓越频率携带的能量对反应谱影响不大,反应谱是和输入地震动总能量相关的;⑤坝体刚度较大,此次地震中还处于线弹性状态。初步了解了强震记录的地震动特性和大坝结构的抗震性能,对认识水库地震近场地震动特性和重力坝地震反应有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

提取地震热异常信息的功率谱相对变化法及震例分析   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

郭晓  张元生  钟美娇  沈文荣  魏从信 《地球物理学报》2010,53(11):2688-2695

本文以静止卫星长波辐射资料为数据源,针对其资料的变化特征,提出了一种地震热异常信息提取的方法,即"功率谱相对变化法".并应用该方法对汶川地震以及有资料覆盖的中国大陆其余5次6.5级以上地震进行了分析研究.结果表明,地震前均出现了不同程度的功率谱信息增强现象,特征周期与特征幅值表现为位于潮湿(低海拔)地区的地震特征周期较短,特征幅度峰值较小,而位于较干旱(高海拔)地区的地震特征周期较长,特征幅度峰值较大;这些特征值便于被识别;该信息提取方法可有效应用于地震相关信息的提取和分析中.  相似文献   

地理信息公共服务平台建设的有效驱动   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗前军 《地理信息世界》2010,8(1):6-11

通过研究我国地理信息公共服务平台建设的驱动现状及其相关问题,分析了地理信息公共服务平台的层次结构以及在空间信息技术发展中的定位,基于地理信息公共服务平台的试点工程应用示范建设的经验,阐述了地理信息公共服务平台建设的有效驱动问题。针对我国当前地理信息公共服务平台建设中的瓶颈问题,提出了走以不同行业与部门协同共建的方式来有效驱动地理信息公共服务平台建设的路径。  相似文献   

建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化的小波分析   总被引：22，自引：6，他引：16  

刘会玉  林振山  张明阳 《地理科学》2005,25(1):43-48

文章以小波诊断技术为基础,对建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化进行了多时间尺度分析。研究表明,建国以来中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化具有明显的3年左右、9年左右和17年左右的特征时间尺度和相应的周期性变化特征;并且特征时间尺度近年来逐渐缩短,即成灾面积的变化渐趋频繁。根据这几个特征时间尺度上小波系数的演变趋势发现,在未来几年内,中国洪涝成灾面积呈现下降的总体趋势。根据小波方差分析发现中国洪涝灾害成灾面积变化具有显著的3年、9年和17年的主要周期,并以9年和17年的周期尤为显著;同时,根据功率谱的比较分析同样发现,中国洪涝灾害成灾面积同样存在着3年左右、7~9年和17年的主要周期。  相似文献   

辽宁省国土资源沙盘模型制作及特点   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张衍明  庞群 《现代测绘》2003,26(3):43-44

本文以辽宁省国土资源沙盘模型为例,详细介绍了现代沙盘模型的制作方法及特点。  相似文献   

EVACUATION BEHAVIOR IN RESPONSE TO NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENTS*     

Donald J. Zeigler  James H. Johnson 《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):207-215

A telephone survey of 2,595 households on Long Island, NY provides a data base for analyzing potential spatial behaviors in response to an accident at the Shoreham Nuclear Power Station in Suffolk County. These intended behaviors approximated the actual behaviors of Three Mile Island area residents during the general emergency at that plant in 1979. Using evacuations from natural and other technological hazards as a basis for comparison, we conclude that evacuations in response to nuclear power plant accidents are likely to be characterized by an extreme over-response to limited protective action advisories; this phenomenon needs to be considered in behaviorally-based radiological emergency response planning.  相似文献   

Geographies of generosity: Beyond the ‘moral turn’     

Clive Barnett  David Land   《Geoforum》2007,38(6):1065-1075

This paper questions Geographers debates about ‘caring at a distance’ and the ‘geographies of responsibility’, focussing on the treatment of the theme of partiality in ethics and justice. Debates in Geography often present partial commitments as morally or politically problematic on the grounds that they prioritize self-interest, exclusionary, and geographically restricted ways of relating to others. We outline how debates about caring at a distance and the geographies of responsibility frame partiality as a problem to be overcome. We argue that Geography’s engagements with moral philosophy are premised on faulty assumptions about the sorts of influences people are liable to act upon (one’s that privilege causal knowledge as the primary motivating force), and also flawed assumptions about the sorts of problems that academic reasoning about normative issues is meant to address (the assumption that people are too egoistical and not altruistic enough). We use the theme of generosity as an entry point to argue that partiality and finitude might be the conditions for any ethical–political project that de-centres the motivation of practical action away from the sovereign self towards responsive and attentive relations of encounter with the needs of others. Understanding generosity as a modality of power suggests a revised programme for geographical investigations of the intersection between ethics, morality and politics: one which looks at how opportunities to address normative demands in multiple registers are organized and transformed; at the ways in which dispositions to respond and to be receptive to others are worked up; and how opportunities for acting responsively on these dispositions are organized.  相似文献   

Concentrations and distribution of elements in milled-coal, power plant ashes and stack-emitted materials in a Western Canadian coal-fired power plant     

Fariborz Goodarzi Hamed Sanei Julito Reyes 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):47-47

The focus of this study is to determine the concentrations and the distributions of elements of prime environmental concern （As, Cd, Cr, Cu Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se and V） and other elements of environmental interest （B, Ba, Be, Co, Mn, U） in milled coals, power plant ashes, and stack-emitted materials from a Western Canadian power plant using bituminous coal. The concentrations of elements were determined using neutron activation analysis （NAA）, Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy （ICPES）, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass spectroscopy （ICP-MS） for most elements, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption （GFAA） for Pb, and Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption （CVAA） for Hg. The result of the study shows that the total rate of input is 423.5 kg/d for elements of prime environmental concern and 280 kg/d for elements of environmental interest. The concentrations of most elements in milled coal are low as compared to world coals and other Canadian milled coals. The total output of these two groups of elements is 2.9 kg/d and 110.4 kg/d, respectively. This indicates that only a small amount of the total input elements from the milled coal is emitted. Most of it is captured by the bottom and ESP ashes with the exception of the highly volatile As Hg, F, Br, and Cl. The element with highest rate of emission for elements of prime environmental concern is Se （0.73 kg/d） and B （95 kg/d） for the elements of some environmental interest.  相似文献   

Problematising power relations in ‘elite’ interviews     

Katherine E. Smith 《Geoforum》2006,37(4):643-653

Methodological debates about interviewing ‘elites’ have recently received significant attention within human geography. Many of the contributors to this debate have suggested that there is something intrinsically different about interviewing ‘up’, which geography’s methodological literature needs to make space to consider. This paper argues that, in fact, the distinction between ‘elite’ interviewees and other types of interviewees is based on inadequate and widely critiqued conceptions of power. If, instead, geographers employ a poststructural understanding of power, we may be able to achieve a more sophisticated analysis of power relations within the interview space.  相似文献   

(Re)politicizing empowerment: Lessons from the South African wine industry     

Cheryl McEwan  David Bek 《Geoforum》2006,37(6):1021-1034

Despite being a poorly defined and vague concept, empowerment is currently of political and theoretical significance and nowhere more so than in South Africa, where it seen as central to post-apartheid transformation. This paper explores the ways in which empowerment has been understood, defined and deployed by post-apartheid governments in the context of a gradual shift from nation-building to neo-liberal governance. It examines the impact of legislation and government policy through a critical examination of empowerment initiatives in the wine industry. Drawing on research conducted in the Western Cape in 2004, the paper analyses how empowerment is interpreted and appropriated both within legislation and specifically within the wine industry. It explores what the wine industry reveals about the disempowering work of neo-liberalism, even as it is couched in the discourses of empowerment. Findings suggest that equating empowerment with economic empowerment threatens to reinforce structures of domination, rather than transforming them, while leaving power relations largely untouched. The case study reveals that until more radical understandings of power and empowerment are acknowledged and incorporated into government policies the failure to address broader issues of social and economic transformation will persist and policies aimed at the empowerment of marginalised individuals and communities will continue to have apparently pre-determined and depoliticised outcomes.  相似文献