扭断裂及基底掀斜控制上覆地层的褶皱——东海Y构造的一种解释模式     

季坚 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1993,13(2):35-48

位于东海XH凹陷的Y构造,以其两侧发育的NE—NNE向高角度逆冲断层和构造顶部发育的NW、近EW向的正断层、平面展布的“S”型构成其独特的构造风格。本文致力于应用T.P.Harding的扭动构造理论,结合该构造的成因机制进行了分析,并得出结论:Y构造为中新世末期的龙井运动压扭作用的产物。  相似文献   

胡安·德·富卡洋中脊(Juan de Fuca Ridge)上拉斑玄武岩的研究     

于联生  曹钦臣  俞旭 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1988,(2)

该岩样系太平洋东北部胡安·德·富卡洋中脊上底拖所取得的岩石样品,其表面具有黑色玻璃质,由表面向下逐渐过渡为晶质。 对该岩样的化学成分做了较全面的(化学、X光、红外光谱、电镜等)分析。其化学成分虽与大洋拉斑玄武岩的平均值相近似,但Ca、Mg略高于大洋拉斑玄武岩的平均值;而Si,K含量又稍低于大洋拉斑玄武岩。表明该岩石系地幔岩浆分异早期溢出而成的。其主要矿物成分是拉长石和普通辉石,其中拉长石占斑晶的70—80％左右。 镜下研究表明该岩石从顶面到底部可被划分成若干层次,并具有气孔的存在,表明该岩石系水下溢出而生成的。 电子探针分析发现Cu、Co、Ni三元素在冷却玻璃质部份的含量较结晶主体部份的含量为高,而Rb、Sr、Cs三元素在岩石冷却边部份与结晶主体中的含量上没有什么显著的差别。 根据扫描电镜和电子探针的微区元素分析研究,结晶表明铁镁硅酸盐先结晶,随后结晶的为基性斜长石。  相似文献   

Magnetic basement in the central Bay of Bengal     

Sarma  K.V.L.N.S.  Ramana  M.V.  Ramprasad  T.  Desa  Maria  Subrahmanyam  V.  Krishna  K.S.  Malleswara Rao  M.M. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2002,23(2):97-108

Analyses of about 6000 km of processed magnetic data in the central Bay of Bengal using Analytical Signal Processing and Werner Deconvolution techniques revealed that the depth to top of the magnetic basement varies between 5 and 12 km from the sea surface, where the water column thickness is about 3.4 km. These inferred depths are comparable to the reported acoustic basement depths. The basement map derived from magnetic interpretation defines the general configuration of the central Bay of Bengal. The N10–12° W trending subsurface 85° E Ridge buried under 2 to 3 km thick sediments is a prominent tectonic feature. Offshore basins characterised by deeper magnetic basement (9 km) and 100–200 km wide are present on either sides of the ridge. These basins were filled with 6–8 km thick lower Cretaceous to recent sediments. Integrated geophysical study depicts that the magnetic basement is characterised by NW-SE, NE-SW, NNE-SSW, N10-12° W and E-W trending structural features that are associated with the lower Cretaceous ocean floor. The Analytical Signal Processing and Werner Deconvolution techniques proved to be effective in determining the depth to the basement in areas covered by thick sediment overburden and characterized by a complex geologic/tectonic framework.  相似文献   

Source to sink zircon grain shape:Constraints on selective preservation and significance for Western Australian Proterozoic basin provenance   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

V.Markwitz  C.L.Kirkland 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(2):415-430

  相似文献   

The P-T path of metamorphism and age of migmatites from the northwestern Irkut block (Sharyzhalgai uplift of the Siberian Platform)     

V.P. Sukhorukov  O.M. Turkina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(6):673-689

We study migmatized aluminous gneisses in the northwest of the Irkut granulite complex in the southeastern Sharyzhalgai uplift of the Siberian Platform basement. Migmatized gneisses with the mineral assemblage Grt + Sil + Bt + Kfs + Pl + Qz (+ Crd + Opx + Spl) contain a leucosome and widespread cordierite-bearing (+ orthopyroxene, quartz, and spinel) symplectites developed after garnet and sillimanite. Study of the microstructural relationships of minerals and modeling using the PERPLEX 672 software have shown a retrograde P-T path of metamorphism for the metasedimentary gneisses, close to the isothermal decompression (ITD). The parameters of the peak of metamorphism are T = 850-870 °C and P > 7 kbar. The weighted average age of zircon from the metasedimentary gneisses (1856 ± 13 Ma, SHRIMP) corresponds to the time of metamorphism. The decompression type of retrograde metamorphism of the rocks in the northwest of the Irkut block indicates their formation in the crust extension and thinning setting. The presence of domal structures in the section of the Irkut block on the shore of Lake Baikal suggests that the dome tectogenesis was involved in the exhumation processes. The Paleoproterozoic metamorphism and granite formation were associated with the same stage of collision processes, when the compression setting was changed by an extension one (1.88-1.85 Ga).  相似文献   

新疆温泉地区晚石炭世古老地壳重熔: 花岗斑岩脉侵位年龄及其Sr、Nd同位素证据     

杨瀚文  王建中  赵军  段俊  王荣敏  高文彬  魏文昊  郑延河 《现代地质》2022,36(3):824-835

新疆阿拉套山南缘分布有由众多岩性复杂的脉岩所组成的岩墙群,部分岩墙与成矿作用密切相关,是了解该地区地壳生长过程的重要窗口。其西段出露大量中酸性脉岩,脉岩侵入到上泥盆统托斯库尔他乌组地层,以闪长岩脉为主,含少量花岗斑岩脉和霏细岩脉。为了探讨花岗斑岩的形成时代、岩浆源区和构造背景,对其进行了锆石U-Pb年龄测定和Sr、Nd同位素研究。分析结果显示,花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb(加权平均)年龄为310 Ma,说明花岗斑岩脉形成于晚石炭世早期,该年龄与北天山沙湾流纹岩(形成于陆板内拉张环境)的喷发时代(310 Ma)以及区内察哈乌苏岩基的形成时代(313 Ma)十分接近,是阿拉套山西段最晚一期岩浆活动的产物。Sr、Nd同位素分析结果表明,该岩脉具有中等I_Sr值(0.709 328~0.710 018)、负的ε_Nd(t)值(-3.92~-2.33)和较大的Nd同位素模式年龄(1 294~1 502 Ma)特征,明显不同于同时期西天山乃至新疆北部众多的花岗岩类,后者普遍拥有低I_Sr值、正的高ε_Nd(t)值和较年轻的Nd同位素模式年龄,是幔源玄武质岩浆底侵、发生岩浆的同化分离结晶作用或岩浆混合作用的结果,说明该花岗斑岩脉不太可能是幔源岩浆底侵演化的产物,其岩浆源区可能来自成熟度比较高的前寒武纪基底岩石。310 Ma以后,阿拉套山地区逐渐进入后碰撞伸展阶段,处于陆壳垂向生长、区域构造应力场显示拉张的构造环境,花岗斑岩脉可能形成于同碰撞挤压向后碰撞伸展背景转换的过渡阶段。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and geochronology of the Neoproterozoic Pan-African Transcaucasian Massif (Republic of Georgia) and implications for island arc evolution of the late Precambrian Arabian–Nubian Shield   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Guram S. Zakariadze  Yildirim Dilek  S.A. Adamia  R.E. Oberhnsli  S.F. Karpenko  B.A. Bazylev  N. Solov'eva 《Gondwana Research》2007,11(1-2):92

The Transcaucasian Massif (TCM) in the Republic of Georgia includes Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian ophiolites and magmatic arc assemblages that are reminiscent of the coeval island arc terranes in the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) and provides essential evidence for Pan-African crustal evolution in Western Gondwana. The metabasite–plagiogneiss–migmatite association in the Oldest Basement Unit (OBU) of TCM represents a Neoproterozoic oceanic lithosphere intruded by gabbro–diorite–quartz diorite plutons of the Gray Granite Basement Complex (GGBC) that constitute the plutonic foundation of an island arc terrane. The Tectonic Mélange Zone (TMZ) within the Middle-Late Carboniferous Microcline Granite Basement Complex includes thrust sheets composed of various lithologies derived from this arc-ophiolite assemblage. The serpentinized peridotites in the OBU and the TMZ have geochemical features and primary spinel composition (0.35) typical of mid-ocean ridge (MOR)-type, cpx-bearing spinel harzburgites. The metabasic rocks from these two tectonic units are characterized by low-K, moderate-to high-Ti, olivine-hypersthene-normative, tholeiitic basalts representing N-MORB to transitional to E-MORB series. The analyzed peridotites and volcanic rocks display a typical melt-residua genetic relationship of MOR-type oceanic lithosphere. The whole-rock Sm–Nd isotopic data from these metabasic rocks define a regression line corresponding to a maximum age limit of 804 ± 100 Ma and εNd_int = 7.37 ± 0.55. Mafic to intermediate plutonic rocks of GGBC show tholeiitic to calc-alkaline evolutionary trends with LILE and LREE enrichment patterns, Y and HREE depletion, and moderately negative anomalies of Ta, Nb, and Ti, characteristic of suprasubduction zone originated magmas. U–Pb zircon dates, Rb–Sr whole-rock isochron, and Sm–Nd mineral isochron ages of these plutonic rocks range between  750 Ma and 540 Ma, constraining the timing of island arc construction as the Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian. The Nd and Sr isotopic ratios and the model and emplacement ages of massive quartz diorites in GGBC suggest that pre-Pan African continental crust was involved in the evolution of the island arc terrane. This in turn indicates that the ANS may not be made entirely of juvenile continental crust of Neoproterozoic age. Following its separation from ANS in the Early Paleozoic, TCM underwent a period of extensive crustal growth during 330–280 Ma through the emplacement of microcline granite plutons as part of a magmatic arc system above a Paleo-Tethyan subduction zone dipping beneath the southern margin of Eurasia. TCM and other peri-Gondwanan terranes exposed in a series of basement culminations within the Alpine orogenic belt provide essential information on the Pan-African history of Gondwana and the rift-drift stages of the tectonic evolution of Paleo-Tethys as a back-arc basin between Gondwana and Eurasia.  相似文献   

Genesis and Geodynamic Significance of Chromitites from the Fuchuan Ophiolite, Southern China, as Evidenced by Trace Element Fingerprints of Chromite, Olivine and Pyroxene     

WU Jun  LIU Ting  WANG Fangyue 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(1):134-148

The Fuchuan ophiolite is located in the northeasternmost segment of the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogen and consists mainly of harzburgites, with minor dunites, pyroxenite and gabbro veins and dykes. In order to investigate the genesis and tectonic setting of the Fuchuan ophiolite and chromitites, in situ analyses of unaltered chromites and silicates were carried out. Trace element analyses of unaltered chromites from the Fuchuan chromitites indicate the parental magma is of mid-ocean ridge basal...  相似文献   

臼齿碳酸盐岩: 解密前寒武纪海洋化学性质的钥匙^*          下载免费PDF全文

旷红伟  彭楠  王玉冲  白华青  祁柯宁  柳永清 《古地理学报》2023,25(1):1-22

臼齿构造(Molar tooth structure,MTS)是指主要由微米级微亮晶方解石充填的、具有肠状褶皱等特殊形态和结构的前寒武纪沉积构造。具有臼齿构造的这类前寒武纪碳酸盐岩称为臼齿碳酸盐岩(Molar tooth carbonate,MTC)。MTS具有全球分布、时代限定、形态多样、由微米级微亮晶方解石组成及早期成岩等基本特征,该认识早已得到学界广泛认同。在系统归纳MTC的地理分布、发育时限、宏观形态和微观组构的基础上,再次总结性地剖析了物理作用、生物作用和生物-地球化学作用3类主要成因假说的基本论点及其局限性。长期以来,作为一种大量出现于中—新元古代、具全球性分布的特殊碳酸盐岩类或沉积构造,研究关注的焦点和热点是MTS形成与消失的机制。尽管MTS成因还有争议,但其所具有的早期成岩特征,使越来越多的研究者将其作为前寒武纪海洋地球化学环境重建的重要研究对象。MTC的兴衰与前寒武纪海洋化学性质演化和前寒武纪一系列全球性事件密不可分。在此基础上提出MTC进一步研究的方向:一是探索MTC事件与相关全球性事件(如叠层石、冰川事件等)相互响应、促进或消长的关系,MTS的兴衰如何协同Columbia和Rodinia超大陆的聚散过程; 二是从MTS微亮晶方解石微观组构出发,采用行之有效的地球化学方法,将MTC的形成、演化、更替与前寒武纪海洋性质以及大气圈、生物圈的演化相结合,进一步完善MTC成因理论,为前寒武纪诸多重大科学问题的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

河南舞阳赵案庄铁矿床成因:来自磁铁矿和磷灰石的矿物学证据   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

兰彩云  赵太平  罗正传  王长乐  文启付  刘立新 《岩石学报》2015,31(6):1653-1670

河南舞阳赵案庄铁矿位于华北克拉通南缘,赋存于新早古元古界太华杂岩赵案庄组中,是舞阳铁矿的一部分。赵案庄铁矿在时空上与变质的超基性岩关系密切,矿石中的脉石矿物与其寄主岩石的主矿物一致,指示其成因方面的亲缘性。赵案庄铁矿石具有典型的海绵陨铁结构,其中的磁铁矿具有高V(1458×10-6~2524×10-6)、稍高Mg(2502×10-6~4674×10-6)和低Ti(395×10-6~3186×10-6)、Cr(3.30×10-6~66.1×10-6)、Ni(93.0×10-6~176×10-6)、Mn(259×10-6~937×10-6)的特征。磷灰石以粗粒(0.3~1.5mm)、等粒状分散在磁铁矿的粒间,具有高REE总量(4983×10-6~7038×10-6)、高F(2.69%~3.52%)、高F/Cl比值(21.5~78.8)和低Sr(215×10-6~241×10-6)的特征。磁铁矿和磷灰石的化学组成均指示岩浆成因,并携带热液信息。利用磷灰石的微量元素含量反演成矿岩浆的微量元素组成,表明成矿岩浆受到了地层物质的混染。橄榄石低Cr、Ni高Mg的特征也指示岩浆中富挥发分的特征。此外,矿石中大量的碳酸盐矿物指示岩浆中有来自地层的CO2加入,导致岩浆的氧逸度升高,促进了磁铁矿的结晶,并抑制了钛铁矿结晶,是磁铁矿低Ti的一个原因。此外,源区低Ti也是导致磁铁矿低Ti的原因。因此,本文认为赵案庄铁矿属与超基性岩有关的岩浆矿床但受到富CO2流体的影响。  相似文献