中国东部地幔橄榄岩捕虏体的Re-Os同位素地球化学：岩石圈地幔的形成年龄和减薄作用的制约   总被引：4，自引：8，他引：4  

支霞臣  秦协 《岩石学报》2004,20(5):989-998

我国东部新生代玄武岩中包含丰富的地幔橄榄岩捕虏体，近年来一些研究者对兴蒙造山带的双辽、汪清，华北克拉通的龙岗、汉诺坝、栖霞、女山和扬子克拉通的盘石山、练山等地8个新生代玄武岩区近百个地幔橄榄岩捕虏体全岩粉末样品获得了Re-Os同位素数据，对澎湖列岛新生代玄武岩的地幔橄榄岩捕虏体中不同产状的硫化物包裹体作了原位的Re-Os同位素体系分析，此外，对辽宁复县和山东蒙阴古生代金伯利岩中的3个地幔橄榄岩捕虏体全岩粉末样品作了Re-Os分析。本文综合了文献中已有的数据，采用Re-Os同位素体系常用的方法，如Os同位素代理等时线年龄和Re亏损模式年龄，计算了SCLM的年龄。结果表明这些地区SCLM的形成年龄主要为早-中元古代，局部地区如辽宁复县有更老的年龄。我国东部新生代玄武岩中的尖晶石相地幔橄榄岩代表的SCLM主体上是元古代SCLM经过显生宙减薄作用后的残余部分，它对我国东部SCLM减薄作用在纵向上的规模和强度提供了制约。  相似文献   

3DMove裂缝预测技术在埕北30潜山裂缝预测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖丽 《海岸工程》2007,26(3):55-60

裂缝的准确描述和预测是裂缝性储层有效开发的关键,由于裂缝性储层具有极强的非均质性和致密低渗透性,储层发育的控制因素很多,因此裂缝储层空间分布预测的难度非常大,给裂缝油藏的进一步勘探开发带来很大困难。本文应用3DMove构造正反演裂缝预测技术预测古生界潜山顶和太古界顶两套地层的裂缝分布和方位,并从应力场的角度对裂缝的开启性作出分析。将该技术应用于胜利油田埕北30潜山,通过与已钻井资料对比分析,预测结果与实际井的裂缝发育情况有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

R11井山头油藏改建地下储气库方案设计     

谢俊  张金亮 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(3):413-419

许多国家改建地下储气库是利用枯竭气藏、水层、盐穴和废矿井 ,很少利用开采后期的潜山油藏。本文通过对 R11井山头油藏的地质特点分析 ,研究了该潜山油藏改建地下储气库的可行性 ,在此基础上对改建后的储气库进行了库容计算和盖层压力分析 ,并编制了储气库的运行方案设计。该方案的成功设计将大大扩大改建地下储气库库址的筛选范围  相似文献   

Black spots produced by buried macroalgae in intertidal sandy sediments of the Wadden Sea: Effects on the meiobenthos   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Carlos Neira  Michael Rackemann 《Journal of Sea Research》1996,36(3-4)

The effects of buried decaying macroalgae on meiobenthos were examined in intertidal sandy sediments of the Wadden Sea of Lower Saxony. In situ experiments confirmed that one of the principal causes of the formation of reduced surface sediments or ‘black spots’ on the tidal flats is the increasing occurrence and subsequent decomposition of filamentous green algae (Enteromorpha spp.) buried in the sediment. Five to fifteen days after algal material had been buried, the sediment surface turned black. The impact of these black spots on meiobenthos was dramatic: the changed chemical conditions in the sediment resulted in long and drastic reductions in meiofaunal abundance and number of taxa. A multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis of data on meiobenthic abundances revealed that samples from black-spot areas were clearly separated from those of control and reference areas. Re-oxidized black spots showed recolonization by meiofaunal animals, with numbers of individuals and taxa similar to those of oxidized surface sediments. The use of abundances of members of higher meiobenthic taxa to monitor changes in the sediment's chemistry, especially those caused by biomass overload, is discussed.  相似文献   

滇中元江古元古代浊积岩特征及其地质意义     

刘桂春  李静  胡绍斌  邓仁宏  刘发刚  陈光艳  冯庆来  徐桂香 《地质通报》2018,37(11):2007-2014

对滇中元江地区调查研究发现一套以钙质浊积岩-碎屑浊积岩组合为特征的岩石序列。测制的剖面由2个钙质浊积岩-碎屑浊积岩旋回组成,发育大量不完整的鲍马序列组合及粒序层理、斜层理、包卷层理、槽模构造、透镜状构造等典型浊积沉积构造,且岩石成熟度及分选度都较低。上部还发育一套凝灰质球粒石英岩,粒序层理发育,在其中获得了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄1102±76Ma和1713±48Ma(YJgzn-03),具有明显铅丢失现象;对侵入地层中的石英正长斑岩进行年代学研究,获得了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄349±13Ma和1732±13Ma(YJgzn-02),上部未发生明显铅丢失的平均年龄为1718±30Ma,应为成岩期年龄。两者的锆石都具环带结构,Th/U值都大于0.4,都明显发生了铅丢失,且形成时代相近,应为同期岩浆作用的结果。推测该套地层沉积或受到后期热蚀变年龄为1713±48～1718±30Ma,其沉积年龄应早于古元古代晚期。对比区域昆阳群及前人划分的古元古代地层,认为这套地层下伏于昆阳群之下,应属于早于古元古代晚期(1.7Ga)的碳酸盐前缘-陆棚斜坡浊积岩体系,建议依据地名定义为古元古代"曼林组"(Pt1m)。  相似文献   

云南禄劝县皎西乡土壤氡测量在易门-罗茨隐伏断裂研究中的应用     

莫雄  李序贵  关学卿  李小军  吴嘉林  侯铁刚  黄海涛  王毅 《地质通报》2018,37(11):2015-2020

易门-罗茨断裂带是多期活动的大规模断裂带,以易门-罗茨断裂为主断裂。在禄劝县皎西一带,断裂带控制了南北向的串珠状第四系盆地,盆地内第四纪沉积物厚数米至数十米,主要的控盆隐伏断裂位置、特征难以确定。采用地质调查与土壤氡测量相结合的方法,查明了区内控盆隐伏断裂的位置、产状、宽度等。调查结果与地貌和区域构造特征吻合较好,因此认为,土壤氡测量适用于山间盆地内隐伏活动断裂的调查。  相似文献   

Evolution of nC16H34-water–mineral systems in thermal capsules and geological implications for deeply-buried hydrocarbon reservoirs     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(2):101322

Organic-inorganic interactions between hydrocarbons and most minerals in deeply buried reservoirs remain unclear. In this study, gold capsules and fused silica capillary capsules (FSCCs) with different combinations of nC₁₆H₃₄, water (distilled water, CaCl₂ water) and minerals (quartz, feldspar, calcite, kaolinite, smectite, and illite) were heated at 340 °C for 3–10 d, to investigate the evolution and reaction pathways of the organic–inorganic interactions in different hot systems.After heating, minerals exhibited little alteration in the anhydrous systems. Mineral alterations, however, occurred obviously in the hydrous systems. Different inorganic components affected nC₁₆H₃₄ degradation differently. Overall, water promoted the free-radical thermal-cracking reaction and step oxidation reaction but suppressed the free-radical cross-linking reaction. The impact of CaCl₂ water on the nC₁₆H₃₄ degradation was weaker than the distilled water as high Ca²⁺ concentration suppressed the formation of free radicals. The presence of different waters also affects the impact of different minerals on nC₁₆H₃₄ degradation, via its impact on mineral alterations. In the anhydrous nC₁₆H₃₄-mineral systems, calcite and clays catalyzed generation of low-molecular-weight (LMW) alkanes, particularly the clays. Quartz, feldspar, and calcite catalyzed generation of high-molecular-weight (HMW) alkanes and PAHs, whereas clays catalyzed the generation of LMW alkanes and mono-bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (M-BAHs). In the hydrous nC₁₆H₃₄-distilled water–mineral systems, all minerals but quartz promoted nC₁₆H₃₄ degradation to generate more LMW alkanes, less HMW alkanes and PAHs. In the nC₁₆H₃₄-CaCl₂ water–mineral systems, the promotion impact of minerals was weaker than that in the systems with distilled water.This study demonstrated the generation of different hydrocarbons with different fluorescence colors in the different nC₁₆H₃₄-water–mineral systems after heating for the same time, implying that fluorescence colors need to be interpreted carefully in investigation of hydrocarbon charging histories and oil origins in deeply buried reservoirs. Besides, the organic–inorganic interactions in different nC₁₆H₃₄-water–mineral systems proceeded in different pathways at different rates, which likely led to preservation of liquid hydrocarbons at different depth (temperature). Thus, quantitative investigations of the reaction kinetics in different hydrocarbon-water-rock systems are required to improve the prediction of hydrocarbon evolution in deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布   总被引：30，自引：3，他引：27  

陈景山  李忠  王振宇  谭秀成  李凌  马青 《沉积学报》2007,25(6):858-868

在塔里木盆地奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩中识别出同生岩溶、风化壳岩溶、埋藏岩溶三种不同类型的古岩溶作用,综合分析认为它们是控制奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层形成的关键要素。同生期大气淡水选择性溶蚀颗粒碳酸盐岩所形成的粒内溶孔、铸模孔和粒间溶孔等,为储层提供了基质孔隙,储层分布受大气成岩透镜体控制,通常呈透镜体沿台地边缘高能相带断续分布。与风化壳岩溶作用有关的碳酸盐岩储层在区域上主要展布于奥陶系碳酸盐岩裸露的古潜山分布范围内,垂向上则局限于奥陶系碳酸盐岩侵蚀不整合面以下200 m深度范围内。根据风化壳岩溶的垂向与横向发育特征,指出其储层垂向上主要分布于地表岩溶带的覆盖角砾岩、垂直渗流岩溶带和水平潜流岩溶带内,平面上主要发育于岩溶高地边缘、岩溶斜坡区、岩溶谷地上游区、岩溶残丘等古地貌单元。埋藏岩溶作用常与有机质热演化过程中伴生的有机酸溶蚀碳酸盐矿物有关,往往沿原有的孔缝系统进行,具有期次多、规模不等的特点,是碳酸盐岩储层优化改造的关键因素之一。  相似文献   

基于DEM的流域地形因子提取与量化关系研究——以陕北黄土高原的实验为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱红春  刘海英  张继贤  李海涛  汤国安 《测绘科学》2007,32(2):138-140

地貌的形成是一个漫长的系统过程,其形态可以看成是表征其特征的各种地形信息因子复合在一起的复杂函数。以黄土高原地区的6个典型地貌区作为试验区,基于1∶10000比例尺5m分辨率的高精度DEM数据,在实现自然地理单元———小流域自动分割的基础上,随机选取44个完整小流域,完成了区域内沟壑密度、平均坡度、平均坡长和地形起伏度等基本地形信息因子的自动提取;同时,采用比较分析和数理统计的方法,证明沟壑密度与平均坡度、平均坡长和地形起伏度之间存在着很强的线性相关关系,量化模拟结果显示,沟壑密度(Y)可以表示为平均坡度(X1)、平均坡长(X2)和相对高差值(X3)的函数:Y=2.95228+0.127906X1-0.014X2-0.00273X3,模拟精度为94.5%。该方法对于整体研究黄土高原及其他地貌的形态特征和成因机理,具有重要的理论和实践意义。  相似文献   

Stratotype of the Chaya Formation of the Akitkan Group in the North Baikal volcanoplutonic belt: age and time of sedimentation     

T.V. Donskaya  A.M. Mazukabzov  E.V. Bibikova  D.P. Gladkochub  A.N. Didenko  T.I. Kirnozova  V.Yu. Vodovozov  A.M. Stanevich 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2007,48(9):707-710

With U-Pb zircon dating, we determined the age of rhyodacites composing sedimentary covers among coarse-terrigenous rocks of the lowermost Chaya Formation of the Akitkan Group (North Baikal volcanoplutonic belt). These rocks are considered to have formed during the sedimentation. The dates (1863±9 Ma) permitted estimation of the age of basal beds of the Chaya Formation and substantiate the age boundary between the Khibelen and Chaya Formations of the Akitkan Group. The determined age and earlier dates of igneous rocks intruding the Chaya Formation deposits suggest that the latter accumulated for 10 Myr.  相似文献