厚冲积层条件下开采沉陷盆地形态分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李永树  王金庄 《测绘工程》1999,8(2):43-45

根据采空区上方和煤层上方覆岩移动的不同机理,从力学角度分析了产生下沉盆地不对称性的基本原因,并用实测资料进行了说明。  相似文献   

Application of Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) in Water Analysis Anwendung der Hydrophobizitätschromatographie (HIC) in der Wasseranalytik     

F. Fuchs  A. Heidt 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1994,22(3):121-129

Dissolved high molecular weight organic substances, like humic substances, can be characterized with regard to their molecular weight distribution using gel filtration chromatography (GFC). In addition, the adsorption properties, for example on activated carbon, can be described, if the substances are separated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) in different fractions using a chromatographic column with a hydrophobic matrix. The retention time (Rt) of single chemical substances in this column can be used to characterize the hydrophobicity or hydrophility of each compound as well as of the high molecular weight organic matter. The hydrophobic interaction between the matrix of the column and the dissolved chemical compounds also depends on the hydrophobicity of the gel and the composition of the eluent. Relations between retention times, log P-coefficients (octanol/water partition) and K-values of isotherms on activated carbon (Freundlich equation) were found.  相似文献   

Multivariate Analysis of Species Distribution: A Survey on Occurence of Mangrove Molluscs in the Bonny and New Calabar Rivers of the Niger Delta Multivariate Analyse von Verbreitungsmustern: Ein Überblick über das Vorkommen von Mangroven-Mollusken im Bonny River und New Calabar River des Niger-Deltas     

S. N. Deekae  R. Henrion 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1993,21(5):273-279

Studies on distribution and habitats of mangrove molluscs of the Bonny and New Calabar rivers (Niger Delta) were made at ten shore stations from the river mouth to the tidal fresh water zone. Forty-three species were collected and thirty-nine were identified. Investigations into tidal zonation patterns showed that molluscs inhabited the high, mid and low intertidal stretches of the shore. In the tidal fresh water and low-salinity brackish water zone, the low intertidal is poor in molluscs. Many species have restricted salinity ranges occuring either in the high or low salinity limits. The collected data on occurence of species were analyzed by different methods from multivariate data analysis, namely cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares. These allowed to visualize structures among mollusc species and stations according to distribution patterns and to estimate the degree of relation between these patterns and salinity.  相似文献   

Constraining the links between the Himalayan belt and the Central Myanmar Basins during the Cenozoic:An integrated multi-proxy detrital geochronology and trace-element geochemistry study     

F.Arboit  M.Min  D.Chew  A.Mitchell  K.Drost  E.Badenszki  J.S.Daly 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(2):657-676

Geological and tectonic analysis of the Eastern Himalayan basins has given rise to a decade-long debate on the geodynamic evolution of the Burmese terrane and on the extent of reorganization of the main SE Asia drainage systems.However,the influence of the Himalayan belt on the Central Myanmar Basin(CMB)system remains poorly documented,although it is key to providing more accurate models for the evolution of the Himalayan-Burmese orogen.In this contribution,we present geochronological,isotopic and geochemical analysis from 2500 zircon,1700 titanite,700 rutile and 850 apatite detrital grains from fifteen Cenozoic siliciclastic samples and one Cretaceous igneous rock.The samples were collected within the fore-and back-arc basins of the Central Myanmar Basin domain(CMB)to constrain the provenance,maximum depositional ages,and depositional environments of the west Burma terrane.Nine key lithological units,the Sadwingyi,Ketpanda,Wabo Chaung,Gwegon,Minwun,Padaung,Okmintaung and Irrawaddy formations have detrital age spectra spanning from the Miocene to Paleoarchean.The entire data set has common age peaks at ca.20,40,60,90,100 Ma,with about 80%of the U–Pb ages younger than ca.140 Ma and only ca.1%of the grains predating ca.3.0 Ga.Our results shed light on the current ambiguities on the transport pathways of Himalayan detritus in the CMB.They show that the fore-arc basin was open to the trench and fed by the unroofing of both the Wuntho Popa volcanic arc to the east and possibly from the Burmese basement and/or from Himalayan-derived Bengal Fan detritus to the west during the Eocene,from at least ca.44 Ma to before ca.39 Ma.We show that the west Burma Terrane was partitioned into pull-apart basins such as the Minwun Basin,which during the Oligocene recorded the first evidence of a new source contribution into the CMB at ca.27 Ma.This new source is characterized by detritus highly compatible with the SE Asia basement rocks,which we suggest corresponds to the initiation of the palaeo–Irrawaddy River.This geodynamic evolution does not require any Yarlung Tsangpo-Irrawaddy-Brahmaputra paleodrainage reorganization,since from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene,the Irrawaddy River fed an internally drained basin,and from the Late Miocene onwards,the Yarlung drained into the Brahmaputra in the Bengal Basin.  相似文献   

Zircon U-Pb ages and provenance characteristics of the Zhiluo Formation sandstones and the formation background of the uranium deposit in Huangling area,Ordos Basin,China     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):600-615

The newly discovered medium-scale Huangling uranium deposit is located in the Shuanlong area of the southeast Ordos Basin. This paper presents the systematic geochemical and zircon U-Pb studies on the Zhiluo Formation sandstones in the Huanling area. The data obtained play an important role in deducing the provenance and tectonic setting of the source rocks. The results show that the lower part of the Zhiluo Formation is mainly composed of felsic sedimentary rocks. The source rocks originated from a continental island arc environment in terms of tectonic setting. U-Pb ages of detrital zircons obtained can be roughly divided into three groups: 170–500 Ma, 1600–2050 Ma, and 2100–2650 Ma. Based on the characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements (REE) and the zircon U-Pb dating results, it is considered that the Cryptozoic Edo provenance of the Zhiluo Formation mainly includes magmatic rocks (such as granodioritic intrusions) and metamorphic rocks (such as gneiss and granulite) in the orogenic belts on the northern margin of the North China Plate and in the Alxa Block. Based on sedimentological and petrological results, it can be concluded that the provenance of clastic sediments in the Zhiluo Formation was in north-south direction. The preconcentration of uranium is relatively low in the Lower Zhiluo Formation in the Huangling area. Meanwhile, the paleocurrent system in the sedimentary period is inconsistent with the ore-bearing flow field in the mineralization period, which restricts the formation of large-scale and super-large-scale uranium deposits and ore zones in the southeast Ordos Basin. The understanding of provenance directions will provide crucial references for the Jurassic prototype recovery and paleo-geomorphology of the Ordos Basin and the prediction of potential uranium reservoirs of the basin.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

白银市资源型企业间关系的社会网络分析     

李勇进  陈兴鹏  陈文江 《干旱区地理》2008,31(2):298-305

利用社会网络分析的方法对白银市重点资源型工业企业在产品、副产品或废弃物方面的关系展开研究。研究的目的首先在于揭示白银市企业网络的基本特点,从而使得企业不是用偶然的外部联系这一短期机制来获取竞争能力,而是利用网络拓展其知识基础,达到整个网络的互利和共生;其次,为构建企业间合作环境管理网络甚至整个区域的可持续性网络提供进一步研究的基础。研究结果表明银市资源型企业间联系较为密切,个体间的联系以最终产品联系为主,区内企业对外依存度高,区外企业在企业网络中占据重要地位。  相似文献   

Characteristics of clay minerals in sediments of Hemudu area,Zhejiang, China in Holocene and their environmental significance     

《China Geology》2019,2(1):8-15

The Ningshao Plain experienced sea-level fluctuation and climate change in the Holocene and gave birth to a Neolithic Civilization, the Hemudu Culture (about 5000 BC). Using XRD method, this paper studied the clay mineralogy of sediments in core HMD-1301 from Hemudu Site area in Ningshao Plain. Results show that the clay mineral assemblages in all samples are quite consistent. They are dominated by illite (about 57%) and smectite (about 26%), and a small amount of kaolinite (about 6%) and chlorite (about 9%). In addition, illite, chlorite, and kaolinite are originated mainly from eolian loesses. Smectite is resulted mainly from chemical weathering of local volcanic rocks outcropped. Illite crystallinity indicates the climatic characteristics of the source region, and illite chemistry index reflects the climate nature of the sedimentary area. It is our understanding that water medium properties in a sedimentary environment affect clay mineral assemblage and the distribution, based on which were cognized the Holocene transgression-regression events in the Hemudu Site area. These mineral indices are well comparable with geochemical indicators in identifying the transgression-regression events. We believe that these events affected the ancient civilization of the ancient residential communities at the time.©2019 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

西藏汤白矿区下白垩统比马组砂岩地球化学特征:对冈底斯南缘构造演化的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨宗耀  胡古月  肖洪天  王鹰  赵晓彦 《岩石学报》2019,35(7):2189-2205

沿雅鲁藏布江北岸广泛分布的比马组为一套上侏罗统至下白垩统的火山-沉积岩组合。本次工作通过对采集于汤白矿区的比马组砂岩进行岩相学和岩石地球化学研究,探讨了其物源特征、岩相古地理及大地构造演化背景。研究区的汤白比马组砂岩以火山岩夹层形式产出,碎屑分选差,磨圆度低,杂基含量高,结构成熟度低,以富含长石和岩屑为特征,为活动岩浆弧构造环境下的沉积物。除碳酸盐胶结物导致的CaO含量变化外,所有样品的元素地球化学特征基本与上地壳平均含量大体一致,且Fe_2O_3~T、MgO、TiO_2、P_2O_5及MnO与大陆岛弧成因砂岩含量相同。样品元素地球化学特征中的低CIA值(46%～68%)和较高的ICV值(0. 75～1. 14)表明砂岩遭受风化作用弱,成熟度低,粘土矿物(如高岭石和蒙脱石等)含量低,多属于构造活动区首旋回沉积物范畴。在稀土元素地球化学特征方面,汤白比马组砂岩显示右倾的球粒陨石标准化配分图,ΣREE值介于46. 16×10~(-6)～90. 03×10~(-6)之间,具有与后太古宙平均页岩类似的地球化学特征。δEu值介于1. 06～1. 36之间,呈明显正异常,为斜长石碎屑所致。δCe介于0. 92～0. 94之间,呈弱负异常,表明其沉积过程中受海水作用较弱。在微量元素球粒陨石标准化蛛网图中,汤白比马组砂岩显示为亏损Th、Nb、P、Ce、Ti等高场强元素,显示岛弧火山岩地球化学特征。因此,汤白比马组砂岩形成于新特提斯洋向拉萨地体俯冲的活动大陆边缘背景。  相似文献   

松辽盆地钱家店地区姚家组赋矿砂岩的组成、地球化学特征及其构造背景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

单芝波 《地质科学》2019,54(2):472-490

松辽盆地钱家店地区姚家组砂岩矿物、地球化学成分与源区岩石性质和沉积构造环境密切相关。岩相学观察和矿物化学分析表明,所研究的岩石主要碎屑矿物由石英、岩屑和长石组成,含少量的黄铁矿、炭屑和重矿物等矿物。地球化学特征上,这些岩石普遍具有高SiO2含量(68.4%~79.61%)、相对高的K2O/Na2O比值(1.83~2.03)和较低的Fe2O3T+MgO含量(1.48%~4.22%),稀土元素标准化配分曲线呈现轻稀土富集,重稀土平坦和弱Eu、Ce负异常特征。较低的CIA(57~63)和PIA(60~71)指数、A-CN-K以及AK-C-N分布模式还说明源区经历了相对较弱的风化作用。Zr/Sc和Th/Sc比值共同表明姚家组的碎屑组成不具备沉积再旋回的特征,说明其为近源沉积,具有较差的分选性。砂岩物源区组成判别图研究表明,姚家组砂岩的物源区主要出露长英质岩浆岩。砂岩形成构造环境判别图解及特征指数分析表明,姚家组主要形成于被动大陆边缘沉积环境。  相似文献   

Composition and diagenesis of Neoproterozoic Guaritas Group sandstones in the Minas do Camaquã fault zone,Camaquã Basin     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2019

Geological structures influence the formation and evolution of sedimentary rocks. The Minas do Camaquã fault zone is a primary structure of the Camaquã Basin, controlling the uplift of the ore-bearing units of the Santa Bárbara Group. To the south of the Camaquã River, the fault zone deforms alluvial and eolian sequences attributed either to the Santa Bárbara or Guaritas groups. In this study, a facies and petrographic composition and diagenetic analysis are presented to understand the evolution of the fault zone. Facies analysis was accomplished using high-resolution orthophoto mosaics and field surveys. Seven sedimentary facies were defined, grouped into three facies associations. Facies associations correspond to a succession of climate-influenced depositional environments. The transition from humid to dry conditions occurs from a fluvial (facies association 1) to eolian environments (facies association 2). These deposits are overlaid at the top by a high energy environment deposits characterized by amalgamated gravelly and sandy bodies, corresponding to an alluvial environment (facies association 3). Despite a small compositional variation, sandstones present a continental block provenance which may be related to mixed anorogenic or orogenic provenance. Diagenetic features are similar in the three facies associations, suggesting the same burial history for the sedimentary deposits separated by the fault zone. The Minas do Camaquã fault zone in the study area is an intraformational structure, as analyzed sequences are attributed to the Guaritas Group, implying a relatively high degree of deformation late after its deposition.  相似文献