大火成岩省及其在古大陆重建及裂解研究中的应用     

张拴宏  赵越  裴军令  王宏宇  胡国辉  张琪琪  蔡瑜杭  孔令昊  王森  王开 《地质论评》2022,68(5):1634-1652

大火成岩省是地质历史上与地球深部过程（如地幔柱）密切相关的极端地质事件,以相对较短时期内形成规模宏大的板内幔源基性岩浆活动为主要特征,对研究全球性大气—海洋环境的巨变与生物灭绝、大规模成矿及超大陆的重建和裂解均有重要意义。从潘吉亚超大陆的裂解过程可以看出,尽管不是所有的大火成岩省都与大陆裂解有关,但几乎每一次重要的裂解事件都伴有大火成岩省的出现,因此大火成岩省对于研究前潘吉亚超大陆,特别是对于缺少古生物等重建标志,古地磁数据偏少的前寒武纪超大陆重建及裂解研究有重要价值。近20多年来随着年代学技术的进步及研究工作的不断深入,大火成岩省在古大陆重建及裂解方面取得了一些重要进展,并发挥了越来越重要的作用。前寒武纪大火成岩省由于经历了多次裂解事件改造及后期抬升剥蚀或覆盖的影响,现今保留的是一些分散在不同大陆上的大火成岩省残片或碎片。用大火成岩省开展古大陆重建及裂解的目标就是通过不同陆块大火成岩省或大规模基性岩浆活动的年代学、岩石学及地球化学对比,结合其他证据,恢复大火成岩省形成时的时空分布特征,据此来确定这些陆块在超大陆中的相对或绝对位置。与其他前寒武纪大陆重建标志相似,大火成岩省也有一些局限性及不确定性,因此应用大火成岩省开展古大陆重建及裂解研究中要与前岩浆期沉积地层中的特殊事件层（如冰碛岩、火山灰、黑色页岩、不整合面、古生物等）对比、岩墙几何学产状、基性岩浆事件序列对比、古地磁、大型构造（如造山带）对比及深部地球物理等多学科方法相结合。  相似文献   

湘赣边区鹿井矿田走滑构造特征分析   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

李先福  李建威  傅昭仁  陈小东 《大地构造与成矿学》1999,23(2):123-129

湘赣边鹿井矿田是我国重要的铀矿产地之一。野外构造解析表明,ＮＮＥ－ＮＥ向遂川—热水左行走滑断裂直接控制了该区沉积特征、构造格局和铀成矿作用。本文从地质构造背景出发,重点讨论了走滑断层的结构样式及岩石变形特征、走滑伴生构造、拉分盆地及其对铀矿的控制作用  相似文献   

硅质大火成岩省的形成机制及其与资源环境的关系     

薄弘泽  张招崇 《岩石学报》2020,36(7):1973-1985

硅质大火成岩省是以流纹质熔结凝灰岩为主体的( 80vol.%),覆盖面积大于105km2、体积大于2.5×105km3的巨型岩浆岩建造,多呈条带状产出在大陆边缘,可能与大陆裂解和相邻镁铁质大火成岩省密切相关;其形成时间相对镁铁质大火成岩省较长,可达～40Myr。岩石中有黑云母、角闪石等含水斑晶,多为钙碱性系列,具有从I型向A型花岗质岩石过渡的地球化学特征。本文在前人工作的基础上,整理了五个主要硅质大火成岩省的样品数据,综合研究认为其形成是玄武质岩浆底侵(或地幔柱上升),使得前期由于俯冲形成的富水下地壳重熔后经历不同程度分离结晶的结果。硅质大火成岩省的形成暗示深部有"隐伏的镁铁质大火成岩省",因为上部硅质岩浆的阻碍和富水地壳不易形成岩浆运移通道所以未能喷出,但这些镁铁质岩浆向上输送了大量的SO_2气体。大规模的硅质岩浆活动一方面能够将这些SO_2气溶胶送入平流层吸收太阳辐射,另一方面能够使海洋富铁后通过光合作用吸收大气中的CO_2,从而导致全球降温。此外,硅质大火成岩省还是一个大型的热液成矿系统,形成大量的低硫化型贵金属浅成低温热液矿床,具有重要的经济意义。  相似文献   

Recognition of the hydrogeological potential using electrical sounding in the Khemisset-Tiflet region,Morocco          下载免费PDF全文

Fatima Zahra FAQIHI  Anasse BENSLIMANE  Abderrahim LAHRACH  Mohamed CHIBOUT  Mohamed EL MOKHTAR 《地下水科学与工程》2020,8(2):172-179

The low recharge of reservoirs and the increasing demand for water limit the potential of mobilized resources, especially in arid to semi-arid areas like Morocco. Integrated management is essential to safeguard this resource. In respect with this perspective, this work provides the analysis of hydrogeological potential of Khemisset-Tiflet region, which falls within the action area of the Sebou Hydraulic Basin Agency. The basis of our studies was as follows:(1) The interpretation of the existing geoelectric data;(2) application of geophysical methods for non-destructive reconnaissance and their integration into a Geographic Information System(GIS). The analysis demonstrates that: The map of the isohypses and the geoelectric cross-section of the substratum of the superficial roof aquifer show clearly a plunge associated with development of the Paleozoic roof in the South and the direction of flow of the surface water is from south to north, from the upper zone to the north of the El Kansera dam. These conclusions constitute very useful contribution for any resource management projects in this area.  相似文献   

南祁连盆地石炭─侏罗纪地层区划及石油地质特征     

符俊辉  周立发 《西北地质科学》1998,(2)

通过对南祁连盆地石炭─保罗系地质剖面的研究,依据古构造格架、基底特征、构造变形、岩浆活动、沉积建造特征、古生物群特征以及地层发育程度和接触关系等,把该盆地石炭─株罗系划分为3个地居区,并在地层区划的基础上讨论了南祁连盆地石炭一株罗纪原盆地环境格局及石油地质特征．  相似文献   

湘赣浙紫色土的类型与分布特点     

唐时嘉  陈学华  罗有芳 《山地学报》1993,(4)

湘赣浙紫色土主要分布在沅江、湘江、赣江、信江、衢江流域几个NE或NNE向平行排列的紫色丘陵盆地内,出露上白垩统一下第三系红色碎屑岩,可见中丘中谷、低丘宽谷和缓丘带坝三类地形,分布不同风化程度的成土风化壳和紫色土类型。三省酸性紫色土和中性紫色土比例较大,达73％,比四川盆地多38—39％。  相似文献   

有关闽粤赣交界地区应力场和地震动力学的讨论   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

吕坚  张福平  胡翠娥  王治国  黄双凤  谢徐强 《中国地震》2002,18(3):259-266

从地震地质学、GPS测量、地震活动性等多个角度对闽粤赣交界地区的区域应力场和地震动力学进行了讨论，结果表明：（1）闽粤赣交界地区应力场的主压应力方向为北西－南东向，主张应力方向为北东－南西向；（2）菲律宾海板块在台湾东海岸向北西西方向的挤压碰撞作用是台湾地区和闽粤赣交界地区强震孕育和发生的最直接最主要的动力来源。  相似文献   

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE OPHIOLITIC MELANGE IN THE YALU TSANGPU GRAND CANYON AREA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Geng Quanru  Pan Guitang  Liu Yuping  Zheng Lailing  Liu Chaoji WT  ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE OPHIOLITIC MELANGE IN THE YALU TSANGPU GRAND CANYON AREA  相似文献   

Deformation Stages and Ar‐Ar Age Data of the Wan‐Zhe‐Gan Tectonic Zone,Southeast China,and Their Tectonic Significance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YU Xinqi  WANG De’en  JIANG Dazhi  JIANG Laili  ZHOU Xiang  LI Chunlin 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(6):1373-1389

The major tectonic zone that passes through the border regions of the Anhui, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi Provinces in southeast China has been commonly referred to as the Wan-Zhe-Gan fault zone. Geologically, this zone consists of several regional fault belts of various ages and orientations. We have categorized the faults into four age groups based on field investigations. The Neoproterozoic faults are northeast striking. They start from the northeast Jiangxi Province and extend northeastward to Fuchuan in Anhui Province, the same location of the northeast Jiangxi-Fuchuan ophiolite belt. The faults probably acted? during the Neoproterozoic as a boundary fault zone of a plate or a block suture with mélange along the faults. The nearly east-west- or east-northeast-striking faults are of Silurian ages (40Ar/39Ar age 429 Ma). This group includes the Qimen-Shexian fault and the Jiangwang-Jiekou ductile shear belt. They represent a major tectonic boundary in the basement because the two sides of the fault have clear dissimilarities. The third group of faults is north-northeast striking, having formed since the early-middle Triassic with 40Ar/39Ar ages of 230–254 Ma. They form a fault belt starting from Yiyang in northern Jiangxi and connect with the Wucheng as well as the Ningguo-Jixi faults. This fault belt is a key fault-magmatic belt controlling the formation of Jurassic-Cretaceous red basins, ore distribution, magmatic activity, and mineralization. When it reactivated during the late Cretaceous, the belt behaved as a series of reverse faults from southeast to northwest and composed the fourth fault group. Therefore, classifying the Wan-Zhe-Gan fault zone into four fault groups will help in the analysis of the tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the Jiangnan orogen since the Neoproterozoic era.  相似文献   

A Microscopic and Nanoscale Understanding of the Formation of Gold Geochemical Provinces     

YE Rong  WANG Xueqiu  ZHANG Bimin 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(3):995-1003

Gold geochemical provinces in China were delineated through stream sediment or catchment sediment sampling in this study. Each gold geochemical province delineated by a threshold value of 2.5 ng/g covers an area of thousands of kilometers. It is a dilemma that geochemists traditionally thought that gold could not migrate for a long distance in rivers or streams to form a large-scale geochemical anomaly due to its chemical inertness and high specific density. The quantitative spectroscopic analysis and observations under a scanning electron microscope(SEM) indicate the presence of submicroscopic gold particles(5 μm in diameter) in large quantities, and observations under a Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM) further suggest the presence of nanoscale gold particles(several tens of nanometre in diameter) in ores, rocks, soils and stream sediments. Particularly, submicroscopic and nanoscale gold particles less than 5 μm were only found in samples having a low gold content(10ng/g). This result shows that geochemical provinces, delineated by a threshold value of 2.5 ng/g, are formed by long-distance transport of ultrafine gold in streams. The findings may provide direct microscopic evidence for gold migration to form geochemical provinces.  相似文献