冲绳海槽海底热液喷出口附近海水中210Pb和210Po的行为   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨永亮  日下部正志  山本惠幸 《海洋学报》2001,23(6):59-75

讨论了在冲绳海槽伊平屋海岭和南奄西海丘两处海底热液喷出口附近海水中的铀系子体放射性核素210Pb和210Po浓度的垂直分布剖面.在伊平屋海岭,甲烷及222Rn的数据表明海底热液活动不强,总210Pb和210Po放射性均低于它们各自母体的放射性,210Pb和210Po在海水中的平均停留时间分别为20和2～5a,而在以“黑色烟雾”为特征的海底热液活动强烈的南奄西海丘,在”烟雾”中的总210Pb含量(0.167×10-3～2.50×10-3Bq/kg)相对其母体226Ra贫乏,而总210Po含量(1.83×10-3～2.83×10-3Bq/kg)则相对其母体210Pb过剩.该处海水中的210Po的放射性高于东海陆架区及冲绳海槽其他海区,并且显示了210Po过剩.210Pb/226Ra以及210Po/210Pb放射性比值的范围分别为0.1～0.4和1.1～7.8.在热液扩散带中210Pb被优先从海水中清除.控制南奄西海丘海水中210Pb浓度的可能机制涉及到210Pb通过扩散作用的横向输送.在热液扩散带中高210Po/210Pb放射性比值表明210Pb的耗尽及210Po从海底热液喷出口的加入.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽末次冰期以来千年尺度古海洋演化的沉积记录     

李铁刚  陈金霞  张德玉  刘振夏 《海洋科学集刊》2006,47(47):16-28

格陵兰冰芯的δ18O记录表明，末次冰期的气候发生了一系列快速的冷暖交替过程，即所谓的Dansgaard-Oeschgerk旋回(Dansgaard et al.,1995；Stuiver et al.,1995；Grootes et al.,1997)。在北大西洋区域，海洋的沉积记录也清楚地再现了在总的冰期背景下代表强烈冰川漂移事件的6次变冷事件,即所谓的Heinrich事件(Bond et al.,1992，1993；Rasmussen et al.,1997；Andrews,1998)。通过对比发现Dansgaand-Oeschger旋回和Heinrich事件并非两个孤立的气候演变过程,Heinrich事件(H)发生在Dansgaard Oeshger旋回的最冷期，几次大的Heinrich事件使格陵兰的大气温度在冰期的气候条件下又降低3-6℃(Mayewski et al.，1997)。随后，越来越多的研究成果表明，这些气候事件的发生，尤其冷事件并不仅限于格陵兰和北大西洋等北半球的高纬度地区，几乎在全球各大区域均找到了它们的印记。 冲绳海槽作为西太平洋的一个弧后盆地，其较高的沉积速率和对全球气候变化的“放大效应”，为我们识别过去地质历史时期气候演化事件并进行全球对比提供了可靠的保证。本文作者对取自冲绳海槽北部的CSH1孔的孢粉组合和中部DGKS9603孔的浮游有孔虫动物群进行了分析，以期获得有关北半球高纬度地区记录的末次冰期气候突变事件具有全球意义的新证据。  相似文献   

南冲绳海槽海域微震活动的初步探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈佐林  孙效功  楼清元中国科学院海洋研究所 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(Z3)

通过解析在南冲绳海槽海域投放的海底地震仪（ＯＢＳ）记录到的天然地震资料，得到近垂直海槽走向的微震震中分布．根据震中分布与海底地形、地质构造的对比，提出：南冲绳海槽海域的微震活动频繁且多数集中于海槽轴部的地堑和琉球岛弧中部．  相似文献   

Regional metamorphism and the alteration response of selected Silurian to Devonian mineral systems in the Nymagee area,Central Lachlan Orogen,New South Wales: a HyLogger™ case study     

P. M. Downes  D. B. Tilley  J. A. Fitzherbert  M. E. Clissold 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2016,63(8):1027-1052

The southern Cobar Superbasin includes the Mount Hope, Cobar and Rast troughs and adjacent Winduck, Mouramba and Kopyje shelves. These stratotectonic units host a range of mineral systems within deformed upper Silurian to Lower Devonian rocks. Despite the metallogenic importance of the terrane the regional metamorphic- and alteration-related mineral assemblages have not been systematically described until now. Here, we present a study using the HyLogger? spectral scanner to systematically map changes in both background and alteration-related mineralogy for 14 mineral systems across the Nymagee area. The study found that, with the exception of the late diagenetic zone assemblages associated with the Winduck Shelf, the mineral assemblages for zones away from mineralisation are consistent with uniform sub- to lowest-greenschist facies metamorphic conditions, with no evidence for a regional, thermal field gradient across the basin. By contrast, proximal to mineralisation, there are significant changes in alteration-related mineral abundances and species reflecting elevated fluid temperatures. For several zones, including Browns Reef, Great Central, Hera, May Day, Nymagee and Shuttleton, there is a systematic change in chlorite composition from Fe- and/or Fe–Mg-chlorites to more Mg-rich varieties towards mineralisation. In addition, talc was noted for May Day, Mineral Hill and Shuttleton. The change in chlorite composition suggests that these ore-forming fluids were undersaturated with respect to iron. Furthermore, although present in discrete zones, carbonate alteration is not a dominant alteration type. However, at Manuka and Blue Mountain, the mineralisation is associated with carbonate-rich (calcite, ankerite, dolomite) units that have been dolomitised (Mg alteration) but not all dolomite-rich zones are mineralised. For Mineral Hill, there are systematic changes to mineral species/chemistry with observed data consistent with Parkers Hill being proximal to the centre of a mineralising system. The G and H Lode area (Southern Ore Zone) is slightly more distal whereas the Pearse deposit may represent a zone more distal again.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽岩浆活动研究进展及思考     

李怀明  翟世奎 《地质论评》2008,54(1):124-120

冲绳海槽以其特有的构造地质环境吸引着众多地质学者的关注。针对冲绳海槽地区岩浆作用过程的研究是其中的核心内容之一。本文综述了近年来冲绳海槽岩浆源区物质特征、岩浆形成演化过程及其控制机制等方面研究取得的主要成果,并在此基础上指出了目前冲绳海槽岩浆活动研究工作中存在的科学问题,提出利用铀系不平衡方法研究冲绳海槽岩浆活动的新思路,同时探讨了今后一段时间内的研究方向应该集中在以下四个方面: ①菲律宾板块俯冲的脱水过程对冲绳海槽岩浆活动的作用;②俯冲过程中深海沉积物对冲绳海槽岩浆的贡献;③冲绳海槽岩浆熔融的控制因素;④冲绳海槽火山活动和海底热液活动的成因关系。  相似文献   

Strontium Isotope Compositions of Hydrothermal Barite from the Yonaguni IV: Insight into Fluid/Sediment Interaction and Barite Crystallization Condition     

Zhang  Xia  Zhai  Shikui  Yu  Zenghui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(2):377-385

Hydrothermal barite is a typical low-temperature mineral formed during the mixing of hydrothermal fluid and seawater.Because of its extremely low solubility,barite behaves as a close system after crystallization and preserves the geochemical fingerprint of hydrothermal fluid.In this study,the elemental contents and Sr isotope compositions of hydrothermal barites from the Yonaguni IV were determined using electron microprobe and LA-MC-ICP-MS respectively.On these bases,the fluid/sediment interaction during the hydrothermal circulation and physicochemical condition of barite crystallization were discussed.Results show that the 87 Sr/86 Sr values of hydrothermal barites from the Yonaguni IV are apparently higher than those of the seawater and associated volcanic rocks,indicating the sufficient interaction between the hydrothermal fluid and overlying sediment.Monomineral Sr abundance shows large variations,reflecting the changes in barite growth rate during the fluid mixing.The mineralization condition in the Yonaguni IV was unstable.During the crystallization of barite,hydrothermal fluid and seawater mixed in varying degrees,with the pro-portions of hydrothermal fluid varied from 36%to 72%.The calculated crystallization temperatures range from 109 to 220℃.Sediment plays a critical role during the mineralization process in the Yonaguni IV and incorporation of sediment component into hydrothermal system was prior to barite crystallization and sulfide mineralization.  相似文献   

2D basin modeling study of the Binak Trough,northwestern Persian Gulf,Iran     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

The northwestern part of the Persian Gulf is one of the most prominent hydrocarbon exploration and production areas. Oilfields are located in structural highs formed around the Cenomanian depression known as Binak Trough. To evaluate the highly variable source rock maturity, timing of hydrocarbon generation as well as migration pattern and the remaining hydrocarbon potential of the early Cretaceous source rocks, burial and thermal histories were constructed for four production wells and one pseudo well. In addition two cross sections covering the depression and the structural highs around the trough were investigated by 2D basin modeling to provide a better regional overview on basin evolution.The modeling results indicate that whereas the Cretaceous source rocks are immature or early mature at the location of oilfields, they reached sufficient maturity to generate and expel considerable amounts of hydrocarbons in the Binak depression. The main phase of oil generation and expulsion from the Cretaceous source rocks is relatively recent and thus highly favorable for the conservation of hydrocarbon accumulations. Trap charging occurred through the late Miocene to Pliocene after the Zagros folding. 2D models predict that the Albian source rock still has significant hydrocarbon generation potential whereas the lower Neocomian source rock has reached already a high transformation ratio within the deep kitchen area. Oil migration occurs in both lateral and vertical directions. This migration pattern could explain the distribution of identified oil families in the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf.  相似文献   

一次区域性大风沙尘暴天气成因分析   总被引：23，自引：8，他引：15  

杨晓玲  丁文魁  钱莉  张慧玲 《中国沙漠》2005,25(5):702-705

应用基本观测资料和我国数值预报产品HLAFS资料,对2004年3月2日由西伯利亚冷槽东移南压并强烈发展,在河西走廊东部武威市形成的一次区域性大风、沙尘暴天气过程,从天气学成因、动力机制等方面进行了诊断分析。结果表明,强冷空气的卷入使西伯利亚冷槽强烈发展,为沙尘暴的发展提供了动力条件,而西伯利亚冷槽的垂直结构为沙尘暴提供了动量下传机制,地面冷锋后部形成的大风,为沙尘暴的形成创造了基本条件,在此基础上得出了西伯里亚冷槽的预报着眼点。  相似文献   

冲绳海槽北部CSH1孔岩石磁学特征及其早期成岩作用的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

葛淑兰  石学法  吴永华  李德贵  熊应乾  SAITO Yoshi 《海洋学报》2005,27(6):56-64

以2~4 cm为间隔,对冲绳海槽北部的CSH1孔岩心(17.36 m)进行了岩石磁学研究.根据岩心上部的两个特征火山灰层和浮游有孔虫组合分析建立了钻孔的时间框架,沉积物底部年龄可能为50 ka.除了在三个火山灰层和近表层向下的快速降低外,整个钻孔磁学参数的变化甚小,未能反映出50 ka来的气候变化.与大多数沉积物不同,该钻孔大多数层位的S值(S=-IRM-0.3T/SIRM,它代表了低矫顽力磁性矿物的含量)小于0.9,指示钻孔沉积物中存在相当比例的高矫顽力磁性矿物.代表性沉积物样品的磁化率-温度(K-T)曲线除了存在580℃磁铁矿的居里温度之外,还显示200~350℃的居里温度,指示样品中存在铁硫化物(胶黄铁矿-磁黄铁矿).这与加热过程中有刺鼻的臭味、加热后的沉积物变黑对铁硫化物的指示相吻合.自生成因的铁硫化物的存在以及表层磁性参数的快速降低,都明确表明沉积物遭受了早期成岩作用.除了三个火山灰层以外钻孔的其他层位无特征磁学变化,表明沉积物后来受到的改造作用强烈,磁学参数所蕴含的原始气候信号被破坏.在这一系列氧化-还原过程中消耗了沉积物中的有机质和水溶液中的硫酸盐,造成了沉积物中铁、锰元素的重新溶解和沉淀等.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽天然气水合物与地质构造的关系   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

方银霞  高金耀  黎明碧  唐勇 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2005,25(1):85-91

海底天然气水合物大多与通过切穿沉积盖层的断裂的上升烃类流体相关,这些高渗透带包括底辟和泥火山等侵入构造,所以海底断裂、底辟和泥火山等构造周围可能赋存天然气水合物;其次,高沉积速率和巨厚沉积层可使有机质迅速掩埋而保存起来,为天然气水合物的生成提供充足物源,因此,邻近陆坡河谷口的海底沉积扇也是天然气水合物赋存的有利地区;另外,由于陆坡区的水合物沉积层比海盆更容易受外界温压变化的影响发生失稳分解,诱发海底滑坡,所以滑坡与天然气水合物赋存之间的关系也非常密切。冲绳海槽邻近海域具有覆水深、沉积厚度大、沉积速率高和有机质丰富等有利赋存条件,目前的研究已经在该海域发现了天然气水合物赋存的地球物理证据BSR,因此,在现有研究基础上开展断裂、泥火山、海底扇、海底滑坡等与天然气水合物相关的构造研究,可以深入了解天然气水合物在不同地质构造中的分布特征与演化,为更精确地评估其资源潜力提供参考。  相似文献