利用自然伽马测井估算塔里木盆地沉积层生热率     

罗昕  朱传庆  张宝收  唐博宁  陈天戈 《地质学报》2020,94(7):2078-2088

盆地的热体制研究对盆地构造演化与油气勘探意义重大。岩石放射性生热率是岩石重要的热物性参数,是研究盆地热体制的基础数据之一。不同于传统的分析测试方法,自然伽马（GR）—生热率（A）换算只需要GR测井就可以计算生热率。笔者利用塔里木盆地不同地区20口主要钻井的GR测井数据计算了沉积层共6094个生热率数据,建立了代表性钻井岩性测井—生热率对比图、塔里木盆地地层生热率柱,估算了盆地沉积层放射性生热对地表热流的贡献及对深部地层的增温效应。结果表明,塔里木盆地沉积层的平均生热率为1. 17±0. 336μW/m3,岩性是地层生热率的主控因素,泥岩生热率最高,为1. 96±0. 318μW/m3,砂岩次之,为0. 99±0. 264μW/m3,白云岩和灰岩生热率较低,分别为0. 44±0. 362μW/m3和0. 36±0. 408μW/m3。根据地层生热率,估算沉积层生热贡献的热流为9. 36mW/m2,约占地表总热流的21%,沉积层生热对地温梯度的贡献约为3. 3℃/km,放射性生热对属于“冷盆”的塔里木盆地的地温场具有不容忽视的影响。  相似文献   

A piecewise curve-fitting technique for vertical oceanographic profiles and its application to density distribution     

Viacheslav G. Makarov  Oleg V. Zaytsev  Valentina D. Budaeva  Felipe Salinas-Gonzalez 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(5):675-690

A unified method of approximation, extrapolation, and objective layering is offered for processing vertical oceanographic profiles. The method is demonstrated using seawater density and consists of adjustable splitting of each individual profile into N vertical layers based on tentative, piecewise linear homogeneous approximation with specified accuracy and a final fitting of an N-layered analytical model to data. A set of 3N coefficients of the model includes one density value at the sea surface; N−1 depths of layer interfaces; and N pairs of coefficients that describe a profile shape within the n-th layer—an asymptotic density value (a key parameter for extrapolation) and a vertical scale of maximum density variability (related to vertical gradient). Several distinctive characteristics of the technique are: (1) It can be used for the analysis of the vertical structure of individual profiles when N is an unknown parameter, and spatial interpolation when N should be equal for all profiles. (2) A justified downward extrapolation of incomplete data is possible with the model, especially if historical deepwater profiles are available. (3) Layer interfaces, as well as other coefficients, are derived with only one fitting to the entire profile. (4) The technique, using its general formulation, can serve as a parent for developing various types of models. The simpler step-like (with hyperbolic or exponential approximation) and more complicated smooth (continuous in gradient space) models were designed and tested against a large number of density profiles from the Sea of Okhotsk and the Gulf of California. Comparison of parametric, z-levels and isopycnal averaging was done for the region off the northeastern coast of Sakhalin.  相似文献   

Modeling of mesoscale coupled ocean–atmosphere interaction and its feedback to ocean in the western Arabian Sea     

Hyodae Seo  Raghu Murtugudde  Markus Jochum  Arthur J. Miller 《Ocean Modelling》2008,25(3-4):120-131

Observations of the western Arabian Sea over the last decade have revealed a rich filamentary eddy structure, with large horizontal SST gradients in the ocean, developing in response to the southwest monsoon winds. This summertime oceanic condition triggers an intense mesoscale coupled interaction, whose overall influence on the longer-term properties of this ocean remains uncertain. In this study, a high-resolution regional coupled model is employed to explore this feedback effect on the long-term dynamical and thermodynamical structure of the ocean.The observed relationship between the near-surface winds and mesoscale SSTs generate Ekman pumping velocities at the scale of the cold filaments, whose magnitude is the order of 1 m/day in both the model and observations. This additional Ekman-driven velocity, induced by the wind-eddy interaction, accounts for approximately 10–20% of oceanic vertical velocity of the cold filaments. This implies that Ekman pumping arising from the mesoscale coupled feedback makes a non-trivial contribution to the vertical structure of the upper ocean and the evolution of mesoscale eddies, with obvious implications for marine ecosystem and biogeochemical variability.Furthermore, SST features associated with cold filaments substantially reduce the latent heat loss. The long-term latent heat flux change due to eddies in the model is approximately 10–15 W/m² over the cold filaments, which is consistent with previous estimates based on short-term in situ measurements. Given the shallow mixed layer, this additional surface heat flux warms the cold filament at the rate of 0.3–0.4 °C/month over a season with strong eddy activity, and 0.1–0.2 °C/month over the 12-year mean, rendering overall low-frequency modulation of SST feasible. This long-term mixed layer heating by the surface flux is approximately ±10% of the lateral heat flux by the eddies, yet it can be comparable to the vertical heat flux. Potential dynamic and thermodynamic impacts of this observed air–sea interaction on the monsoons and regional climate are yet to be quantified given the strong correlation between the Somalia upwelling SST and the Indian summer monsoons.  相似文献   

水淹层测井识别方法研究及效果验证     

贺顺义  谢楠  彭洪波  张成学 《海洋地质译丛》2010,(2):91-95

油田在长期注水开发过程中,不仅储层孔隙空间结构发生变化,而且储层含油饱和度也发生了变化,形成了水淹层。水淹层的测井解释是油田开发的一个难题,经研究分析表明,油层水淹前后的测井响应特征不同,且从宏观沉积特征看,不同的沉积微相类型,其储层物性在水淹前后变化量也不同。据此,可以通过单井常规测井资料解释,或通过一些特殊测井资料与常规测井资料的综合分析来解释和识别水淹层,并依据对子井测井曲线特征研究、生产动态资料研究、密闭取心资料分析、沉积微相划分及多井综合评价等一系列技术对解释结果进行有效性验证,从而找到水淹层电性特征与含油饱和度及沉积特征的关系,达到准确解释水淹层的目的。  相似文献   

中亚热带米槠次生林和杉木人工林细根养分含量特征     

林波 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2021,16(1):29-34

细根(≤2 mm)在调节森林生态系统的生物地球化学循环中起着较为重要的作用,但目前对不同土层细根化学计量的认识非常有限.本研究在福建省三明陈大国有林场内对米槠次生林和杉木人工林不同土层细根养分含量特征进行了研究.结果显示:(1)杉木人工林0～10 cm、60～80 cm土层0～1 mm细根碳浓度显著高于米槠次生林,10...  相似文献   

中层顶区域钾层静态模型的初步建立          下载免费PDF全文

王泽龙  杨国韬  王继红  焦菁  杜丽芳  荀宇畅  刘星 《地球物理学报》2018,61(2):458-465

以流星烧蚀为源,大气沉降为汇,并利用连续方程和涡旋扩散方程为动力学控制方程,求解总含钾成分随高度的分布,再根据各含钾成分之间闭合的化学反应,计算每个高度处各含钾成分的浓度配比,初步建立了一个钾层静态模型.本文详细的阐述了钾层静态模型的建立过程,输入参数和模拟结果.此模型能够模拟出钾原子浓度随高度的分布,并与北京激光雷达观测的钾原子浓度的夜间年平均曲线进行了对比.钾层峰值密度和质心高度的模拟值与观测值仅相差0.2%和0.7%,但柱密度和RMS宽度的模拟值却比观测值明显偏小.模拟结果与观测并不完全一致,其差别主要来自于钾层的下部.钾层静态模型的建立和不断完善为研究钾层的特性和演化规律提供了有力的支撑.  相似文献   

Structure-soil-structure interaction of adjacent buildings subjected to seismic loading     

Milad Bybordiani  Yalin Arici 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(7):731-748

The problem of the through-soil coupling of structures has puzzled the researchers in the field for a long while, especially regarding the varied performance of identical, adjacent buildings in earthquakes. The phenomenon of structure-soil-structure interaction (SSSI) that has often been overlooked is recently being recognized: The possible effects in urban regions are yet to be thoroughly quantified. In this respect, the goal of this work was to rigorously investigate the interacting effects of adjacent buildings in a two-dimensional setting. Detailed finite element models of 5-, 15-, and 30-story structures, realistically designed, were used in forming building clusters on the viscoelastic half-space. Perfectly matched layers were used to properly define the half-space boundaries. The interaction of the structure and the soil medium because of the presence of spatially varying ground motion on the boundary of excavated region was considered. The effects of the foundation material and the distance between adjacent buildings on the structural behavior of the neighboring buildings were investigated using drift ratios and base shear quantities as the engineering demand parameters of interest. The effects of SSSI, first investigated in the frequency domain, was then quantified in the time domain using suites of appropriate ground motions in accordance with the soil conditions, and the results were compared with the counterpart SSI solution of a single building. The results showed that, for identical low-rise structures, the effects of SSSI were negligible. Yet, neglecting SSSI for neighboring closely spaced high-rise structures or building clusters with a large stiffness contrast was shown to lead to a considerable underestimation of the true seismic demands even compared with solutions obtained using the rigid base assumption.  相似文献   

基于自适应变步长波场延拓的可控层分阶层间多次波模拟          下载免费PDF全文

匡伟康  胡天跃  段文胜  李劲松  李艳东 《地球物理学报》2020,63(5):2043-2055

地下低速夹层的存在导致地震数据中包含较强能量的层间多次波,有效识别和预测深部储层上覆地层产生的层间多次波是提高深部储层解释精度的重要环节,而准确模拟层间多次波是辅助识别地震数据中层间多次波的一种非常有效的方法.本文提出了一种基于自适应变步长波场延拓的可控地层分阶层间多次波模拟方法,该方法基于自适应变步长波场延拓,以递归循环的方式实现分阶层间多次波的模拟.通过对模型添加双重层位约束,可以模拟指定地层产生的各阶层间多次波.利用二维反周期延拓方法压制波场延拓的边界反射优于传统方法,例如吸收边界法.提出自适应变步长波场延拓技术,大大提升了波场模拟的效率.理论和数值例子表明,本文方法模拟的一次波和各阶层间多次波与常用的有限差分方法模拟结果具有很好的一致性,且克服了有限差分方法无法分阶模拟波场的不足,显著提升了层间多次波识别的效率.  相似文献   

论强化垂直聚焦测深法     

傅良魁  蒋国富 《现代地质》1988,2(1):120

本文首先讨论了强化垂直聚焦测深法（简称聚焦测深法）的视电阻宰表达式,提出了在实际工作中代换该法的简单装置及其观测方案。其次,详细分析了利用线性滤波法计算的聚焦测深法ρs理论曲线,指出了似增层性质及多种因素对ρs曲线的形状和特征点极距的影响作用。最后阐明了聚焦测深法在地质效能上不具有定勘探深度的原因。  相似文献   

西太平洋帕劳砗磲高分辨率氧同位素记录及其指示的气候环境变化     

文汉锋  赵楠钰  刘成程  周鹏超  王国桢  晏宏 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(1):1-13

砗磲是海洋中最大的双壳类贝壳,其碳酸盐壳体通常具有年纹层和天纹层,是一种理想的高分辨率古气候研究载体.氧同位素是砗磲古气候研究中最常用的指标之一,但在将其应用于古气候重建之前,通常需要对其现代地球化学过程进行准确的校准.帕劳群岛位于西太平洋暖池西北边缘,其珊瑚礁盘具有丰富的砗磲壳体资源,为开展古气候研究提供了丰富的材料...  相似文献