滇西思茅盆地西缘早白垩世沉积物源分析及盆地形成和演化探讨     

易慧能  李艳军  徐学员 《西部资源》2013,(2):138-142

滇西思茅盆地位于澜沧江断裂带和金沙江—红河断裂带之间,呈北西—南东向带状展布,在构造上处于冈瓦纳与欧亚两大构造域的过渡地带,其形成发展与古特提斯的演化、印度板块的向北漂移和俯冲消亡关系十分密切。通过对思茅盆地西缘早白垩世的沉积物分析表明,滇西思茅盆地西缘早白垩世的沉积环境主要为河湖相,沉积物源为盆地西侧的澜沧江造山带。结合构造背景,认为盆地的形成经历了碰撞后裂谷阶段、陆内坳陷阶段、复合型前陆盆地阶段和走滑拉分盆地四个阶段。  相似文献   

致密砂岩储层孔隙结构成因机理分析及定量评价——以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长8油层组为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

赖锦  王贵文  柴毓  吴大成  姚亚斌  张永迪  张晓涛  王迪  李梅 《地质学报》2014,88(11):2119-2130

利用普通薄片、铸体薄片、物性分析和压汞曲线等资料,对姬塬地区长8油层组储层的微观孔隙结构特征及其成因机理等进行了研究.结果表明沉积物在地质历史时期经历的压实、胶结、溶蚀和破裂等一系列成岩作用对储集岩孔喉特征影响显著,成岩作用的不均一性导致了储层宏观物性和微观孔隙结构的差异.通过视压实率、视胶结率、视溶蚀率和视微孔隙率等参数的计算阐明了压实、胶结、溶蚀等对排驱压力和分选系数等孔隙结构特征参数的定量控制.选取成岩综合系数作为成岩作用强度及其组合的定量表征参数,其与排驱压力、分选系数、储集层品质指数和分形维数等均具良好的统计相关关系,不同的孔隙结构类型具有不同的成岩作用组合特征以及成岩综合系数值,因此成岩综合系数可作为不同孔隙结构类型的定量表征参数.在对影响孔隙结构特征的成岩作用类型和强度组合深入剖析的基础上,通过成岩综合系数可实现储集岩孔隙结构的定性划分和定量评价.  相似文献   

彭阳油田延长组长3段砂岩储层质量控制因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

兰朝利  王建国  周晓峰  代金友  杨明慧  崔志员 《岩石学报》2014,30(6):1828-1840

彭阳油田位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部,其上三叠统延长组长3段砂岩已发现商业油流,但是对其储层砂岩质量控制因素仍然缺乏了解。本文根据钻井、测井、岩心观察、铸体薄片、扫描电镜与岩心物性资料,研究了长3段层序格架与沉积相、砂岩成分与成岩作用特征及其对长3段砂岩储层质量的影响。长3段砂岩为发育在高位体系域早期的具有加积-进积准层序组特征的小型辫状河三角洲平原分流河道沉积,砂体孤立而不连续,成岩环境流体循环不畅而相对封闭,不利于早成岩期酸性大气水的普遍淋滤。长3段砂岩以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑砂岩为主。高岩屑和长石含量使砂岩在早期成岩压实中损失了大量粒间孔,高白云岩岩屑含量促进了埋藏成岩期间硬石膏与铁白云石的大量胶结,进一步减少了粒间孔隙。三角洲平原环境促进了早期成岩过程中颗粒蒙脱石包膜的形成,并在埋藏成岩过程中转换为绿泥石包膜或伊利石,尤其是绿泥石包膜抑制了石英增生,使粒间孔得以保存。早成岩期的酸性大气水与埋藏成岩期的有机酸对长石、云母或岩屑的溶蚀对砂岩储层质量的贡献相对有限。长3段砂岩孔隙以残余粒间孔为主,这暗示长3段砂岩在晚三叠世末期剥蚀与侏罗纪末期-新生代的抬升（降低了长3段压实程度）以及埋藏成岩过程中绿泥石颗粒包膜的形成是长3段砂岩孔隙保存的最重要因素。成岩作用促进了长3段孤立砂体的致密化,加剧了该砂岩储层预测难度。  相似文献   

安徽东南部二叠系龙潭组砂岩碎屑组分及物源分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜叶龙  李双应  孔为伦  王松 《高校地质学报》2010,16(4):510-517

       砂岩碎屑组分分析是研究盆地沉积物源及其构造演化的重要途径。龙潭组是我国南方重要的含煤层位之一,进一步确定其沉积物来源和源区构造背景具有重要意义。安徽东南部二叠系龙潭组砂岩碎屑组分特征为：单晶石英含量为25%~40%,多晶石英含量为30%~65%,而且细砂岩中,石英多具有溶蚀的边缘;长石含量变化较大,在细砂岩中含量在5%~15%之间,在中粗粒砂岩中含量仅为1%左右;岩屑在细砂岩中的含量为15%~25%,在中粗粒砂岩中含量为10%~20%。砂岩物源分析结果显示,龙潭组砂岩来源于再旋回造山带与消减杂岩带的混合蚀源区,结合含近源砾石特征及区域大地构造背景,可推测研究区龙潭组物源区很可能来自华夏板块与扬子板块碰撞的接壤地带--江南造山带。  相似文献   

Petrochemistry of sandstones from Neoproterozoic basins of the Bastar craton, Central Indian Shield: Implications for paleoweathering, provenance and tectonic history     

Hamidullah  Wani  Mohammad E. A.  Mondal 《Island Arc》2009,18(2):352-374

Petrographic analysis and chemical analysis of major and trace elements including rare earth elements of the Neoproterozoic sandstones from the Chandarpur Group and the Tiratgarh Formation have been carried out to determine their provenance, tectonic setting and weathering conditions. All sandstone samples are highly enriched in quartz but very poor in feldspar and lithic fragments. Petrographically and geochemically these sandstones are classified as subarkose, sublitharenite and arenite. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA mean 68) and Th/U ratios (mean 4.2) for these sandstones suggest their moderate weathering nature. Generally, all sandstone samples are strongly depleted in major elements (except SiO₂), trace elements (except Zr) and REE in comparison with Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) and Upper Continental Crust (UCC). Their mineralogy and mean of elemental ratios suitable for determination of provenance and tectonic setting, e.g. Al₂O₃/SiO₂ (0.02), K₂O/Na₂O (10), Eu/Eu* (0.67), (La/Lu)n (10.4), La/Sc (3), Th/Sc (1.2), La/Co (0.22), Th/Co (0.08), and Cr/Th (7.2), support a felsic source and a passive margin tectonic setting for these sandstones. Also these key elemental ratios do not show much variation over a range of SiO₂. Thus we attest their significance in determining source rock characteristics of quartz rich sandstones. Chondrite‐normalized REE patterns with LREE enrichment and a strong negative Eu anomaly are also attributed to felsic source rock characteristics for these sandstones. The source rocks identified are granite and gneiss of the Bastar craton. Minor amounts may have been derived from older supracrustals of the Bastar craton. However, the major element data of the Paleoproterozoic Sakoli schists when compared with those of the Neoproterozoic sandstones indicate that the schists were derived from a mafic source and deposited in an active continental margin tectonic setting. There is, however, little difference in CIA values between the Paleoproterozoic Sakoli schists and Neoproterozoic sandstones, indicating prevailing of similar (moderate‐intense) weathering conditions throughout the Proterozoic in the Bastar craton. Our study also suggests a change in the provenance and tectonic setting of deposition of sediments from dominantly a mafic source and an active continental margin in the Paleoproterozoic to dominantly granite and gneiss (felsic source) and a passive continental margin in the Neoproterozoic in the Bastar craton.  相似文献   

三轴应力下不同粒径破碎砂岩渗透特性试验     

张天军  尚宏波  李树刚  魏文伟  包若羽  潘红宇 《岩土力学》2018,39(7):2361-2370

地下工程中破碎岩体往往处于三向应力状态,此类岩体具有孔隙率大、渗透性高等特点,在地应力与高水头作用下易发生渗流失稳破坏,诱发突水灾害。为研究三轴应力下破碎砂岩的渗透特性,运用自主研发的破碎岩石三轴渗流试验系统,采用稳态渗透法进行5种粒径破碎砂岩的渗流试验,得到了三轴应力下破碎砂岩渗透特性变化规律,推导了有效应力与渗流速度之间的关系。试验结果表明：三轴应力下破碎砂岩的有效应力与渗流速度呈线性关系,且轴向位移越大时,随有效应力的增加渗流速度减小的幅度越小;三轴应力下5种粒径破碎砂岩的孔压梯度与渗流速度服从Forchheimer关系,两者之间的相关系数达0.95以上;轴向位移恒定时,随着围压的增大,破碎砂岩渗透率k减小,非Darcy流β因子增大,各级轴向位移下,破碎砂岩的渗透率与围压之间呈指数函数关系;随着孔隙率的减小,5种粒径的破碎砂岩渗透率呈减小趋势,非Darcy流β因子整体增大,且渗透率量级为10-14～10-11 m2,非Darcy流β因子的量级为106～1012 m-1。  相似文献   

深埋藏致密砂岩中相对优质储层形成机理——以川西坳陷新场构造带须家河组为例     

罗龙  高先志  孟万斌  谭先锋  冯明石  邵恒博 《地球学报》2017,38(6):930-944

川西坳陷中部新场构造带须家河组砂岩主要分布在须二段和须四段,由于埋藏深,普遍经历了复杂的成岩作用,普遍为特低孔隙、低渗透超致密砂岩,但仍较发育有一定数量的相对优质储层并形成致密砂岩气藏。为了更有效地预测和扩展须家河组致密砂岩的相对有利优质储层,则需理清相对优质储层的形成机理。本文通过薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、物性测试、阴极发光及电子探针等测试分析手段,以岩石与矿物学特征、储层特征、成岩作用研究为基础,重点分析物质组成、结构特征、早期胶结作用、流体-岩石相互作用、构造活动、生排烃期次等对于原生孔隙保存及次生孔隙的形成、保存两大方面的影响,最终达到对研究区须家河组致密砂岩中相对优质储层形成机理的系统性研究和认识。结果表明,主要形成机理包括残余原生孔隙的保存和次生孔隙的形成两个方面,其中残余原生孔隙的保存机制主要为早期绿泥石环边、早期适度碳酸盐胶结、部分裂缝导致的油气充注,而次生孔隙则主要来自于长石和少量不稳定岩屑的溶蚀作用,以及破裂作用形成裂缝及其引起的溶蚀作用。  相似文献   

西藏雄村铜金矿区侏罗系砂岩地球化学特征:对构造背景的约束   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨宗耀  郎兴海  唐菊兴  张忠  张金树  高一鸣  黄勇  谢富伟  付燕刚  王勇 《地质学报》2017,91(9):1985-2003

西藏雄村铜金矿区位于冈底斯造山带中段南缘,其南紧邻雅鲁藏布缝合带(IYS)和日喀则弧前盆地,北为谢通门始新世大岩基。通过对雄村矿区砂岩进行系统的镜下鉴定,主量、微量元素分析,揭示雄村组砂岩构造背景和物源属性。研究结果显示,雄村砂岩样品SiO_2含量53.27%~66.13%,平均含量58.27%,与古生代杂砂岩(66.1%)相近。Al_2O_3含量较高(14.53%~24.04%),平均20.12%,指示砂岩长石矿物较多且黏土化较强。综合微观特征,雄村砂岩为长石岩屑砂岩。主量元素中特征氧化物组合Fe2O3+MgO(7.3%~17.6%)、TiO_2(0.68%~1.25%)、Al_2O_3/SiO_2(0.22%~0.45%)与大洋岛弧成因砂岩值相似;微量元素蛛网图上雄村砂岩相对亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti及HREE等高场强元素而富集K、Rb、U、REE等大离子亲石元素,REE球粒陨石标准化后具有轻稀土富集而重稀土元素较平坦的右倾分布模式。特征微量元素Th(2.5×10~(-6))、Zr(114×10~(-6))、Hf(3.6×10~(-6))、Ce(27.95×10~(-6))、Ti(0.54×10~(-6))含量及Th/U(2.9)、Zr/Th(46)、La/Sc(0.72)、Th/Sc(0.11)比值表明雄村砂岩具有大洋岛弧成因性质,La-Th-Sc、Th-Sc-Zr/10、Th-Co-Zr/10等判别图解显示砂岩形成源区可能位于大洋岛弧环境。稀土元素页岩标准化后具有弱负Ce异常及正Eu异常,指示砂岩受海水及深部热液双重影响,同样与大洋岛弧环境页岩标准化后特征相似。Co/Th-La/Sc和La/Th-Hf图解表明雄村砂岩物源区为长英质中酸性火山岩源区和安山质火山弧源区,结合他人对砂岩中碎屑锆石的年龄研究,认为雄村矿区砂岩没有早于晚三叠世的碎屑锆石,具有岛弧火山岩源区特点。  相似文献   

含片钠铝石砂岩与地层水相互作用实验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王桂茹 《世界地质》2010,29(3):442-449

不同温度(100℃、150℃和200℃)地层水对含片钠铝石砂岩的改造作用研究显示,随着温度升高,砂岩的溶解程度逐渐增强,样品中片钠铝石的稳定性逐渐减弱。在片钠铝石溶解的同时,200℃时样品表面有高钠长石和绿泥石生成,且通过X-射线衍射分析发现,在150℃和200℃时有某种未知的碳酸盐矿物生成,生成量随温度升高而增大。100℃时片钠铝石的微弱溶解及150℃和200℃时碳酸盐矿物的生成表明,在地层条件下以片钠铝石等碳酸盐矿物形式捕获的CO2能够稳定存在。  相似文献   

Distribution of diagenetic alterations in glaciogenic sandstones within a depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic framework: Evidence from the Upper Ordovician of the Murzuq Basin, SW Libya     

Mohamed Ali Kalefa El-ghali  Howri Mansurbeg  Sadoon Morad  Ihsan Al-Aasm  Karl Ramseyer 《Sedimentary Geology》2006,190(1-4):323-351

The spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations has been constrained in relationship to depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician glaciogenic quartzarenite sandstones in the Murzuq Basin, SW Libya, which were deposited during the Haritanian glaciation when the basin was laying along the continental margin of Gondwana. Eogenetic alterations encountered include: (i) replacement of detrital silicates, mud matrix and pseudomatrix by kaolinite in paraglacial, tide-dominated deltaic, in foreshore to shoreface (highstand systems tract; HST) and in post-glacial, Gilbert-type deltaic (lowstand systems tract; LST) sandstones, particularly below the sequence boundaries (SB). Kaolinite formation is attributed to the influx of meteoric water during relative sea level fall and basinward shift of the shoreline. (ii) Cementation by calcite (δ¹⁸O_VPDB = − 3.1‰ to + 1.1‰ and δ¹³C_VPDB = + 1.7‰ to + 3.5‰) and Mg-rich siderite in the paraglacial, tide-dominated deltaic and foreshore to shoreface HST sandstones, in the glacial, tide-dominated estuarine (transgressive systems tract; TST) sandstones and in the post-glacial, shoreface TST sandstones is interpreted to have occurred from marine pore-waters. (iii) Cementation by Mg-poor siderite, which occurs in the post-glacial, Gilbert-type deltaic LST sandstones and in the paraglacial, tide-dominated deltaic and foreshore to shoreface HST sandstones, is interpreted to have occurred from meteoric waters during relative sea level fall and basinward shift of the shoreline. (iv) Pervasive cementation by iron oxides has occurred in the glacial, shoreface–offshore TST sandstones and post-glacial, shoreface TST sandstones immediately below the maximum flooding surfaces (MFS), which was presumably enhanced by prolonged residence time of the sediments under oxic diagenetic conditions at the seafloor. (v) Formation of grain-coating infiltrated clays mainly in the glacial, fluvial incised-valley LST sandstones and in the post-glacial, Gilbert-type deltaic LST sandstones as well as, less commonly, in the paraglacial, foreshore to shoreface HST sandstones and in the tide-dominated deltaic HST sandstones below the SBs.

Mesogenetic alterations include mainly the formation of abundant quartz overgrowths in the glacial, fluvial incised-valley LST sandstones, post-glacial, Gilbert-type deltaic LST sandstones and glacial, shoreface TST sandstones, in which early carbonate cements are lacking. Illite, chlorite and albitized feldspars, which occur in small amounts, are most common in the glacial, tide-dominated estuarine TST sandstones and paraglacial, shoreface HST sandstones. This study demonstrates that the spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations and their impact on reservoir-quality evolution in glacial, paraglacial and post-glacial sandstones can be better elucidated when linked to the depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic framework.  相似文献