祁连山北坡流域冰川物质平衡波动及其对河西水资源的影响   总被引：16，自引：27，他引：16  

沈永平  刘时银  甄丽丽  王根绪  刘光 《冰川冻土》2001,23(3):244-250

祁连山北坡各流域发育有现代冰川 2 166条 ,总面积 13 0 8km2 ,冰储量 60km3,冰川融水补给河流约 8× 10 8m3·a-1,占河西地表总径流量的 11% .近 4 0a来 ,东段石羊河流域冰川物质平衡 (Bn)呈较大负平衡 ,Bn在 - 80～ - 12 0mm间 ;西段的讨勒河、疏勒河和党河流域冰川具正物质平衡 ,Bn在+ 5 0～ + 90mm ;黑河流域的冰川处于过渡区 ,其冰川物质平衡多年平均在 - 4 0～ + 4 0mm间 .冰川物质平衡的变化直接影响着河流径流的变化 ,洪水坝河、党河和昌马河的冰川融水补给率达 3 0～ 4 0 %以上 ,东大河、大渚马河、马营河和讨勒河的补给率在 12 %～ 14 %之间 ,而西营河和梨园河仅有 7%左右 .冰川物质平衡逐年变化显示 ,2 0世纪 5 0～ 70年代冰川以负物质平衡为主 ,80年代开始向正的平衡开始转化 ,90年代以正平衡为主 ,主要是冬季气温上升引起的降雪量增加的结果 .在全球气温变暖情景下 ,东段冰川物质平衡将呈增加的趋势 ,西段冰川物质平衡将呈下降的趋势 ,将使西段以冰川融水补给的河流径流增加 ,而东段石羊河流域径流下降明显 .  相似文献   

旅游供给与需求的空间关系研究   总被引：80，自引：4，他引：80  

牛亚菲 《地理学报》1996,51(1):80-87

本文研究旅游供给与旅游需求的地域分布规律和空间联系特征，提出了旅游供给与需求的空间模式以及二者之间的动态平衡关系。并根据我国旅游供需分布特点，以大城市为中心，分析了不同地域旅游供需关系。  相似文献   

Quantitative assessment of future development of cooper/silver resources in the Kootenai National Forest,Idaho/Montana: Part I—Estimation of the copper and silver endowments     

Gregory T. Spanski 《Natural Resources Research》1992,1(2):163-183

Faced with an ever-increasing diversity of demand for the use of public lands, managers and planners are turning more often to a multiple-use approach to meet those demands. This approach requires the uses to be mutually compatible and to utilize the more valuable attributes or resource values of the land. Therefore, it is imperative that planners be provided with all available information on attribute and resource values in a timely fashion and in a format that facilitates a comparative evaluation.The Kootenai National Forest administration enlisted the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Bureau of Mines to perform a quantitative assessment of future copper/silver production potential within the forest from sediment-hosted copper deposits in the Revett Formation that are similar to those being mined at the Troy Mine near Spar Lake. The U.S. Geological Survey employed a quantitative assessment technique that compared the favorable host terrane in the Kootenai area with worldwide examples of known sediment-hosted copper deposits. The assessment produced probabilistic estimates of the number of undiscovered deposits that may be present in the area and of the copper and silver endowment that might be contained in them.Results of the assessment suggest that the copper/silver deposit potential is highest in the southwestern one-third of the forest. In this area there is an estimated 50 percent probability of at least 50 additional deposits occurring mostly within approximately 260,000 acres where the Revett Formation is thought to be present in the subsurface at depths of less than 1,500 meters. A Monte Carlo type simulation using data on the grade and tonnage characteristics of other known silver-rich, sediment-hosted copper deposits predicts a 50 percent probability that these undiscovered deposits will contain at least 19 million tonnes of copper and 100,000 tonnes of silver. Combined with endowments estimated for identified, but not thoroughly explored deposits, and deposits that might also occur in the remaining area of the forest, the endowment potential increases to 23 million tonnes of copper and 190,000 tonnes of silver.  相似文献   

GIS市场预测     

《测绘科学》1995,(4)

ＧＩＳ市场预测根据ＦｒＯＳｔ和Ｓｕｌｌｉｖａｎ散发的最新研究报告，在全世界范围内，ＧＩＳ软件和服务市场将从１９９３年的１２亿美元增加到１９９９年的３８亿美元，增长幅度达三倍以上，年平均增长率为２１％。报告中观测，软件所占的份额将从１９９３年的４６％增...  相似文献   

Estimating Petroleum Resources Using Geo-Anchored Method--A Sensitivity Study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chen  Zhuoheng  Sinding-Larsen  Richard 《Natural Resources Research》1999,8(1):49-58

The Geo-anchored method, based on a moment-type estimator, has been developed for estimating parent population properties from a successive sample of discoveries. By substituting the expectation of the waiting time z _(n+1) of the (n + 1) ^th discovery to occurrence for an unknown parameter in the anchored method, the Geo-anchored method allows estimation of inclusion probabilities directly from observed data, thus eliminating the need for a priori selection of a value of N, R, or some other feature of the parent population. Because direct estimation of N and R requires an ordered sample, the Geo-anchored method is more sensitive to the data-generating process than the anchored method. This paper presents a sensitivity study on the Geo-anchored method. The test is based on simulated discovery sequences with different assumptions regarding discovery efficiency, exploration maturity, and the shape of the parent field size distribution. As a reference for comparison, estimates from the Horvitz–Thompson estimator also are presented.  相似文献   

既找矿又开矿搞活地勘单位：赴疆考察的认识和体会     

张攀华 《湖南地质》1993,12(2):70-74,79

“六五”和“七五”期间,新疆地矿局强化了地质找矿的科学管理,充分发挥了地质科技在找矿中的先导作用,争取到了一个好的外部环境,取得了地质找矿的重大突破。他们既找矿又开矿,以找矿促开发,走找矿与开矿结合的道路,实行探、采、工、贸一体化,创造了搞活地勘单位,振兴地方经济的成功经验。  相似文献   

2001年世界黄金供需形势     

王淑玲 《黄金地质》2003,9(2):55-60

2001年受美国经济放缓,尤其是"9·11"事件的影响,世界黄金需求下降2 6%,金价低迷,以271 04美元 盎司的年均金价再次刷新了1978年以来的最低价位。持续恶劣的价格环境,促进了黄金矿业公司间的相互兼并,以此降低经营成本,提高国际竞争能力。受金价下跌的影响,金矿勘查费用再次下降。尽管如此,2001年黄金仍是全球固体矿产勘查投资最多的矿种,是全球勘查开发热点,黄金储量和储量基础仍保持增长态势,金资源保证程度增加。金产量并未因金价下跌而减少。  相似文献   

我国卤水溴资源及其开发前景展望   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

乌志明  温现明 《盐湖研究》2000,8(2):59-67

溴在自然界无独立的矿物 ,呈强分散性稀有元素 ,散布在地壳水圈里 ,以油气田地下卤水、盐湖卤水、矿场盐卤水含溴浓度相对较高。溴在国民经济的用途广泛 ,是我国紧缺物资 ,产不敷消。而我国卤水溴资源分布广泛 ,类型齐全 ,同时常伴有K、B、I、Li等多种有用组分。充分发挥各类卤水溴资源特点 ,提高卤水溴资源综合利用水平 ,其开发前景广阔  相似文献   

聊城市水资源可持续利用中存在的问题及对策浅析     

刁秀云  梁庆华  杨成忠  李群智 《地下水》2006,28(3):13-15

聊城市属于资源性缺水地区,为实现以有限的水资源支持和保障经济社会的持续稳定发展,必须作好水资源可持续利用这篇大文章.本文分析了聊城市水资源特点及利用中存在的问题,并就实现水资源可持续利用应采取的工程与非工程措施进行了研究和探讨.  相似文献   

淄河下游污染区地下水污染特征及人畜供水条件分析     

马震  孙晓明  施佩歆  葛炜  方成  柴婧靖 《华北地质》2006,29(1):57-63

历史上淄河下游的人畜供水一直依赖地下水,但20世纪80年代以来区内淄河下游河道长期接纳上游污水,地表水和浅层地下水受到污染,浅层地下水已不适于人畜饮用。污染区沿淄河呈条带状展布,污染区边界距淄河约1.0~1.5 km,其中距淄河500 m以内的区域污染最为严重。中深层地下水水质良好,仅个别井点因井管损坏造成点状串层污染,可做为人畜用水水源。基本可满足2010年前区内人畜供水要求。人畜供水开采中深层地下水时,应根据地下水污染特征和中深层含水层水文地质特征,分区分层开采,实现地下水合理开发,防止中深层地下水串层污染,保护宝贵的地下水资源。  相似文献