江西省南康市横市镇双井路滑坡治理措施     

郭生元  丁勇  马智贞  胡忠海 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2009,20(2):11-14

对双井路滑坡勘查资料分析基础上,从双井路滑坡所处的地质环境条件、气象因素及遭受的人为因素特点,介绍了滑坡（地质灾害）体的地质结构,形成原因。认为该滑坡所在区地质构造条件复杂是滑坡形成的背景条件,乡镇居民建房大规模切坡是导致该滑坡发生的人为因素,长时间集中性暴雨是滑坡形成的主要诱发因素。并依据该滑坡的危险性大,提出采用削坡减载＋重力式挡墙与修建地表截、排水系统的治理方案。  相似文献   

西安市地裂缝对长安路立交桥致灾机理调查研究     

石玉玲  门玉明  彭建兵  刘洋 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2009,20(2)

西安地裂缝作为一种特殊的城市地质灾害,已经对基础设施造成很大的危害。长安路立交的破坏最为严重和典型,文章结合西安地裂缝的分布及活动特点,详细分析了地裂缝活动引起的长安路立交的破坏形式和特点。并对引起长安路立交破坏的原因做了进一步分析,得出了由于长安立交没有很好的排水措施导致地裂缝的异常活动从而引起桥梁破坏的结论。同时,文章还结合长安路立交的结构措施给出了在地裂缝带修建立交的结构措施建议。并最终得出了在地裂缝带修建城市立交等基础设施,应从采取措施减少地裂缝活动和采取合理的结构措施以适应地裂缝活动两方面进行综合考虑的结论。  相似文献   

Influences of forest roads and their edge effects on the spatial pattern of burn severity     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2013

Previous research has shown that forest roads are an important feature in many landscapes and have significant effects on wildfire ignition and cessation. However, forest road effects on burn severity have not been studied at the landscape level. Therefore, the overarching goal of our study is to identify the influences of road edge effects on the spatial patterns of burn severity. We analyzed six fires within the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest on the eastern slope of the Cascades mountain range of central Washington.We generated two categories for assessing road variables: (1) Primary Road Effect Zone (area within 150 m of the nearest road) and (2) Secondary Road Effect Zone (area from 150 m to 300 m to the nearest road). A regular sampling grid including one out of every 9 cells was created for each fire.These grids were intersected with burn severity data in the form of the Relative Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (RdNBR), road distance category, stream distance, elevation, slope, terrain shape index, heat load index, canopy cover, and fuel type. We fit spatial regression models with RdNBR as the dependent variable.We found that high burn severity is less likely to occur in the Primary Road Effect Zone for most fires, although one fire exhibited the opposite relationship. Forest road edge effects were hypothesized to be an important determinant of burn severity because fragmentation created by roads alters the roadside fuel profile and environment and because road corridors create barriers to fire spread. Recognizing roadside effects on burn severity patterns highlights the need for further study of the range of effects that roads have on fuels and the fire environment and the potential for incorporating road effects into landscape-level assessments of fire risk.  相似文献   

三维数字城市在道路规划设计中的应用研究     

陈良超 《测绘软科学研究》2013,(6):33-37

＂数字城市＂建设成果在国民经济建设中逐渐得到广泛应用,以直观、可视化、信息更加丰富为显著特点的＂三维数字城市＂建设成果,成为应用创新的助推剂,而当前,传统的依靠计算机辅助设计软件开展道路设计规划成为一种需要突破的变革趋势,选择基于三维数字城市建设成果开展道路规划设计,以其显著的优势成为道路设计规划变革的新途径。  相似文献   

“一带一路”沿线国家的自主贡献中水资源相关适应措施评估     

于飞  崔惠娟  葛全胜 《气候变化研究进展》2022,18(1):70-80

“一带一路”沿线地区气候灾害类型多样,分布广泛,其中水资源短缺和洪涝灾害频发等水资源问题是“一带一路”沿线国家的主要气候风险之一。文中对“一带一路”沿线国家提交的国家自主贡献（NDC）中提出的水资源相关适应措施进行了分析评估。结果表明,气候变化及水资源相关风险已经受到了“一带一路”沿线国家的普遍关注,大部分国家都或多或少提出了针对性的适应措施,如优化水资源管理、提高水资源利用效率、强化监测预警、增加基础建设等。然而目前还存在一些不足之处,包括：以中东欧国家为主的部分“一带一路”沿线国家NDCs中缺乏适应相关的内容;西亚/中东和中亚地区对于风险关注的范围不够全面,缺乏对未来潜在洪水风险的评估和预案;在中亚、南亚和中东等水争端问题突出的地区缺乏合适的国际合作机制;大部分国家缺少对水环境的关注。为提高“一带一路”沿线国家气候适应能力,构建完善的气候适应体系,建议完善国家自主贡献报告、建立国际合作机制,增加对气候变化研究的关注和投入,保障“一带一路”建设绿色可持续发展。  相似文献   

重庆市巫山县环湖路建设对淀粉厂滑坡影响的研究     

杨国安 《城市地质》2013,8(2):34-37

重庆市巫山县环湖路地质条件十分复杂,沿线经过十几个地质灾害单元体。环湖路经过淀粉厂滑坡区时,以半挖半填的方式经过。环湖路建设对原滑坡体的稳定性影响进行重新评价计算,认为原设计方案不能满足要求,对原方案进行修改设计,完成淀粉厂滑坡的施工治理的环湖路的建设,实现了淀粉厂滑坡和环湖路工程建设的安全稳定。  相似文献   

“一带一路”沿线国家气象服务的供需协调度分析          下载免费PDF全文

吉中会  于彦琛  于小兵 《气象与减灾研究》2022,45(3):232-239

基于2011—2020年“一带一路”沿线国家气候风险、灾损情况、经济水平,以及市场环境等方面数据资料,从气象服务供需视角,构建气象服务供需协调度指标体系,采用熵值法和协调度耦合模型量化分析沿线国家气象服务的需求、供给及供需均衡水平。结果表明,灾情指标和人口密度指标能较好地表征需求和供给水平;南亚的印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉和东南亚的菲律宾等国家的气象服务需求相对较高;供给指数相较需求指数更加稳定;均衡指数在研究期内的波动范围变化不大,但是空间分布格局变化较大;沿线印度、新加坡和孟加拉三国的均衡性上升趋势最为显著。  相似文献   

A Comparison of Local- and Foreign-funded Hydropower Station Construction in Nepal based on Remote Sensing     

TIMSINA Ritu Raj  WU Mingquan  NIU Zheng 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(6):1009-1021

International investors in large infrastructure projects face numerous risks. To explore this issue, this paper compares the development of two hydropower stations in Rasuwa District, Nepal: Upper Trishuli 3A, which is fully funded by a Chinese government bank, and Rasuwagadhi, which is fully funded by local government banks. The construction of these two plants was compared between 2012 and 2020 using a visual interpretation method to extract data on roads, buildings, dams, and vehicles from 1-m-resolution remote sensing imagery. Two methods were used to compare the environmental impacts of each plant. Landsat 7/8 30-m imagery was used to monitor changes in the normalized difference vegetation index around the Upper Trishuli 3A hydropower station from 2012 to 2020 and around the Rasuwagadhi hydropower station from 2014 to 2020. Then, 1-m-resolution imagery was used to observe land-cover differences in these areas and time periods. The results indicate that: (1) despite various challenges, such as geological disasters, the COVID-19 pandemic, and a blockade by the Indian government, there was no difference in construction progress between the two hydropower stations. (2) The Upper Trishuli 3A Hydropower Station was associated with better environmental protection work, as there were continuous declines in vegetation growth near Rasuwagadhi and increased overall vegetation growth near Upper Trishuli 3A. (3) Energy projects funded by the Belt and Road Initiative have benefited developing countries enormously. Finally, local conditions should be thoroughly investigated during the construction of foreign-funded power stations.  相似文献   

Urbanization under globalization: How does the Belt and Road Initiative affect urbanization levels in participating countries     

MA Haitao 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(11):2170-2188

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) presents the world with a new era of inclusive globalization, which will shape urbanization patterns globally. This study considered the launch of BRI as a quasi-experiment, where we evaluated the BRI’s impact on urbanization by way of difference-in-differences (DID) and propensity score matching (PSM) methods. The results showed that the BRI exerted a significantly negative effect on urbanization in its first three years. Its positive effect emerged from the fifth year onwards, indicating that the BRI’s positive effect on urbanization required a period of practical experience. Heterogeneous analysis and placebo test were also conducted to verify the robustness of the model. The effects in low-income countries were revealed to have been much greater than in high-income countries, meaning the BRI had been conducive to promote local urban growth in underdeveloped economies. Finally, the geographical detector model was introduced to discuss the influencing mechanism of urbanization in BRI and non-BRI countries, showing external factors were the prominent driving forces in BRI countries, whereas internal drivers played an important role in non-BRI countries. Our findings indicated that the implementation of the BRI contributed to building global economic growth and supporting a shared future.  相似文献   

丝绸之路经济带沿线国家旅游资源与 入境旅游发展空间格局特征与差异     

苏建军  关丽  张毓 《世界地理研究》2021,30(3):509-519

利用旅游资源丰度指数、旅游流质指数、空间一致性系数和二维矩阵等方法,定量比较分析了丝绸之路经济带沿线18个主要国家旅游资源丰度,入境旅游发展质量,以及旅游资源分布与入境旅游发展质量的空间格局特征与差异。研究表明：丝绸之路经济带沿线国家旅游资源数量与质量差异显著,正形成两极分化突出的格局,中西欧国家最优,中亚国家最弱,入境旅游发展质量也呈现出相似的特征。旅游资源资源分布与入境旅游发展质量,呈现较明显的弱协调性,旅游资源集聚具有较明显的国际旅游导向性,两者发生错位的国家超过三分之二。空间一致性表现为显著的区域差异特征,亚洲相对较好,中西欧次之,东欧最弱。为推进沿线国际旅游合作,提出如下建议：坚定“互联互通、平等包容和合作共赢”发展理念,成立国际旅游合作联盟,督促与落实相关战略部署与重点项目;在求同存异基础上,建立共享机制,提高国家间旅游合作一体化水平和协同发展程度;共同打造丝绸之路经济带世界级旅游线路与旅游资源品牌,着力提升国际旅游发展影响力。  相似文献