应用电子探针研究蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿砂岩岩石学特征及铀矿物分布规律   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

黄广文  潘家永  张占峰  黄广楠  张涛  廖志权  杜后发 《岩矿测试》2017,36(2):209-220

应用精准的砂岩碎屑成分定量分析,可以为源区及沉积盆地分析等相关性质提供重要依据。本文在野外观察描述砂岩宏观特征的前提下,利用显微镜结合电子探针分析手段,对新疆蒙其古尔铀矿床中的含矿砂岩进行研究,探讨含矿砂岩岩石学特征及其中铀矿物的分布规律。结果表明：研究区含矿砂岩成分成熟度指数介于0.56~1.08,平均指数为0.78,即成分成熟度、结构成熟度低,成岩作用强烈;物源为一套混合型再旋回造山带区向过渡再旋回造山带区,最后向岩屑再旋回造山带区过渡的演变过程。碎屑物源主要来源于盆地南缘蚀源区石炭-二叠系中酸性火山岩,以及盆地周边那拉提山北缘、科古琴山、博努科努山南缘分布的一系列晚泥盆-早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山岩和少量古生代花岗岩。铀矿物类型主要为沥青铀矿、铀石及钛铀矿,其次发现有少量吸附态铀;背散射图像显示铀矿物的分布与炭屑、黄铁矿、金红石等密切共生。  相似文献   

断层电子自旋共振定年中石英信号强度的影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱登峰  云金表  刘全有  樊德华 《岩矿测试》2017,36(1):22-31

电子自旋共振(ESR)是一种利用矿物在地质环境中的累计辐射能进行测年的技术方法,它采用的测年矿物石英广泛分布,并具有记录断层作用良好的计时零点,是同位素测年的重要补充。ESR信号强度是决定ESR年龄精确度的关键因素,但是各种参数条件对测量结果的影响方式及其程度缺乏系统研究。本文以取自断层带石英的一种顺磁中心——E’心为研究对象,运用单因素重复性实验方法,分析石英ESR定年中5种影响因素与ESR信号强度的相关关系。结果表明,微波功率、调制幅度、扫描宽度是影响ESR信号强度的主控因素,样品管方位及直径对测量结果影响不大。微波功率0.02~0.1 m W、调制幅度0.25~0.4 Gs可作为精确测量断层泥石英E’心普适性的参数区间,过大或过小的扫描宽度均不利于ESR测量,可利用在大扫描宽度条件下先预扫描再精细扫描的方法确定合适的扫描宽度,重复测量后求取平均值可有效降低测量误差。利用本文提出的参数区间及其确定的方法测量断层泥石英的E’心信号强度,能显著提高ESR测量精度。  相似文献   

金红石微量元素电子探针分析   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

王娟  陈意  毛骞  李秋立  马玉光  石永红  宋传中 《岩石学报》2017,33(6):1934-1946

金红石电子探针微量元素分析一般以人工合成的氧化物来作为监测标样,尚较缺乏对金红石标样进行系统地测试分析。本文运用CAMECA SXFive电子探针对金红石标样R10进行微量元素分析,根据金红石中主要微量元素在地质学中的应用,本次共分析了Al、Si、Ti、Fe、Cr、Zr、V、Nb、Ta等9个元素,Ti、Si元素作为本次分析的监测元素。本文通过调整加速电压和电流、背景和峰值测试时长以及干扰谱峰处理等来提高微量元素分析精度和准确度。分析结果显示,其中,Zr(780±29×10~(-6))(1SD,n=25)、Nb(2799±66×10~(-6))、V(1276±33×10~(-6))、Fe(4309±34×10~(-6))、Cr(718±31×10~(-6))的分析结果与二次离子质谱(SIMS)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)的推荐值在误差范围内一致。大部分元素数据波动范围在10%以内,V、Fe元素的数据波动范围仅在5%以内。V、Nb和Fe测试精度比前人电子探针分析结果有较大提高。金红石Zr测试误差传递给金红石Zr温度计给出的温度误差一般22℃。本文还对金红石Zr温度计应用、提高Ta元素分析精度和准确度、金红石Fe~(3+)分析等问题进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Brown algae overproduce cell wall polysaccharides as a protection mechanism against the heavy metal toxicity   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Leonardo R. Andrade  Raquel N. Leal  Miguel Noseda  Mariana S. Pereira  Marcos Farina 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1482-1488

Brown algae are often used as heavy metal biomonitors and biosorbents because they can accumulate high concentrations of metals. Cation-exchange performed by cell wall polysaccharides is pointed out as the main chemical mechanism for the metal sequestration. Here, we biochemically investigated if the brown alga Padina gymnospora living in a heavy metal contaminated area would modify their polysaccharidic content. We exposed non-living biomass to Cd and Pb and studied the metals adsorption and localization. We found that raw dried polysaccharides, sulfate groups, uronic acids, fucose, mannose, and galactose were significantly higher in contaminated algae compared with the control ones. Metal concentrations adsorbed by non-living biomass were rising comparatively to the tested concentrations. Electron microscopy showed numerous granules in the cell walls and X-ray microanalysis revealed Cd as the main element. We concluded that P. gymnospora overproduces cell wall polysaccharides when exposed to high metal concentrations as a defense mechanism.  相似文献   

CT扫描技术在微观驱替实验及剩余油分析中的应用     

曹永娜 《CT理论与应用研究》2015,24(1):47-56

CT扫描技术不仅可以重建不同驱替液在不同驱替时刻的微观剩余油分布图像,而且通过X射线衰减系数换算成CT值,还可以计算岩心的孔隙度和含油饱和度参数,从而对实验岩心的非均质性和每一驱替过程不同驱替时刻的微观剩余油进行定量分析。分析认为实验岩心在不同驱替阶段微观剩余油类型之间存在量的转化。   相似文献   

From experimental plots to experimental landscapes: topography,erosion and deposition in sub‐humid badlands from Structure‐from‐Motion photogrammetry          下载免费PDF全文

Mark William Smith  Damià Vericat 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2015,40(12):1656-1671

In the last decade advances in surveying technology have opened up the possibility of representing topography and monitoring surface changes over experimental plots (<10 m²) in high resolution (~10³ points m^‐1). Yet the representativeness of these small plots is limited. With ‘Structure‐from‐Motion’ (SfM) and ‘Multi‐View Stereo’ (MVS) techniques now becoming part of the geomorphologist's toolkit, there is potential to expand further the scale at which we characterise topography and monitor geomorphic change morphometrically. Moving beyond previous plot‐scale work using Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) surveys, this paper validates robustly a number of SfM‐MVS surveys against total station and extensive TLS data at three nested scales: plots (<30 m²) within a small catchment (4710 m²) within an eroding marl badland landscape (~1 km²). SfM surveys from a number of platforms are evaluated based on: (i) topography; (ii) sub‐grid roughness; and (iii) change‐detection capabilities at an annual scale. Oblique ground‐based images can provide a high‐quality surface equivalent to TLS at the plot scale, but become unreliable over larger areas of complex terrain. Degradation of surface quality with range is observed clearly for SfM models derived from aerial imagery. Recently modelled ‘doming’ effects from the use of vertical imagery are proven empirically as a piloted gyrocopter survey at 50m altitude with convergent off‐nadir imagery provided higher quality data than an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flying at the same height and collecting vertical imagery. For soil erosion monitoring, SfM can provide data comparable with TLS only from small survey ranges (~5 m) and is best limited to survey ranges ~10–20 m. Synthesis of these results with existing validation studies shows a clear degradation of root‐mean squared error (RMSE) with survey range, with a median ratio between RMSE and survey range of 1:639, and highlights the effect of the validation method (e.g. point‐cloud or raster‐based) on the estimated quality. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Atmospheric inorganic aerosol of a non-industrial city in the centre of an industrial region of the North of Spain,and its possible influence on the climate on a regional scale     

Irene Rodríguez  Salvador Galí  Celia Marcos 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(8):1551-1561

Mineral particles could have influenced on the climate of Oviedo, a non-industrial city situated in the centre of an industrial zone of the North of Spain, increasing the temperature and the precipitations, in spite of the fact that “greenhouse gases” concentrations have diminished in this city in recent years. The directive (1999/30/EC) of the European Commission began to be applied in Oviedo in the year 2003. In agreement with this norm, our first aim was the identification of the inorganic particulate matter of the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions sampled in this city. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray dispersive energy spectrometry were used. The percentages of the different mineral phases of the PM were obtained by a Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction data. The compositions of the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions of this city are similar. Sulphates are the most abundant particles in the both fractions. Most sulphates, nitrates and sal-ammoniac would have formed by reaction between solid, liquid and/or gas particles and they could be associated with the power stations near to the city and traffic. Wüstite and haematites come from the iron and steel industries of Gijón and Avilés. The main natural sources of halite and carbonates and silicates are sea spray and soil resuspension by the wind, respectively.  相似文献   

Deformation-related microstructures in magmatic zircon and implications for diffusion   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Steven Michael Reddy  Nicholas E. Timms  Patrick Joseph Hamilton  Helen R. Smyth 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,157(2):231-244

An undeformed glomeroporphyritic andesite from the Sunda Arc of Java, Indonesia, contains zoned plagioclase and amphibole glomerocrysts in a fine-grained groundmass and records a complex history of adcumulate formation and subsequent magmatic disaggregation. A suite of xenocrystic zircon records Proterozoic and Archaean dates whilst a discrete population of zoned, euhedral, igneous zircon yields a SHRIMP U-Pb crystallisation age of 9.3 ± 0.2 Ma. Quantitative microstructural analysis of zircon by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) shows no deformation in the inherited xenocrysts, but intragrain orientation variations of up to 30° in 80% of the young zircon population. These variations are typically accommodated by both progressive crystallographic bending and discrete low angle boundaries that overprint compositional growth zoning. Dispersion of crystallographic orientations are dominantly by rotation about an axis parallel to the zircon c-axis [001], which is coincident with the dominant orientation of misorientation axes of adjacent analysis points in EBSD maps. Less common <100> misorientation axes account for minor components of crystallographic dispersion. These observations are consistent with zircon deformation by dislocation creep and the formation of tilt and twist boundaries associated with the operation of <001>{100} and <100>{010} slip systems. The restriction of deformation microstructures to large glomerocrysts and the young magmatic zircon population, and the absence of deformation within the host igneous rock and inherited zircon grains, indicate that zircon deformation took place within a low-melt fraction (<5% melt), mid-lower crustal cumulate prior to fragmentation during magmatic disaggregation and entrainment of xenocrystic zircons during magmatic decompression. Tectonic stresses within the compressional Sunda Arc at the time of magmatism are considered to be the probable driver for low-strain deformation of the cumulate in the late stages of initial crystallisation. These results provide the first evidence of crystal plastic dislocation creep in zircon associated with magmatic crystallisation and indicate that the development of crystal-plastic microstructures in zircon is not restricted to high-strain rocks. Such microstructures have previously been shown to enhance bulk diffusion of trace elements (U, Th and REE) in zircon. The development of deformation microstructures, and therefore multiple diffusion pathways in zircon in the magmatic environment, has significant implications for the interpretation of geochemical data from igneous zircon and the trace element budgets of melts due to the potential enhancement of bulk diffusion and dissolution rates.  相似文献   

磁场重联中的电子加速机制的数值模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

葛亚松  李毅  王水  窦贤康 《地球物理学报》2004,47(5):747-755

在应用2.5维混合模拟方法研究Petschek模型磁场重联的基础上,考察了试验电子被加速的特征. 模拟结果表明,稳态的低频重联场能将少量试验电子加速到高能,电子的能谱为幂律谱,但总体分布函数未发生显著变化. 电子在整个加速过程中被束缚在低磁场的加速区内,由重联产生的感应电场Ey分量对其直接加速,根据加速时间和加速区域可以将这些电子分为两种情况：初始位于加速区和漂移到加速区被加速.  相似文献   

Thermosphere–ionosphere response at middle and high latitudes during perturbed conditions: A case study     

G.A. Mansilla   《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2008,70(11-12):1448-1454

Neutral gas composition and ionospheric measurements taken by the Dynamic Explorer 2 satellite at F2-region heights (280–300 km) during an intense geomagnetic storm (peak Dst=−187 nT) were used to analyze the role of some possible physical mechanisms responsible for the changes of electron density at high and middle latitudes. The storm considered in this study occurred on 26 September 1982. The main features observed were increases of electron density during the initial stages of the storm at middle latitudes; followed by decreases of electron density at high and mid-high latitudes during the main phase of the storm and the first phase of the recovery. Delayed increases of electron density during the recovery phase have also been observed at mid-high latitudes (50–60°). Several mechanisms were discussed in explaining the features observed for the electron density variations.  相似文献