Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of peritidal carbonates at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary (Karaburun Peninsula,Western Turkey)     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Continuous shallow marine carbonates spanning the Triassic–Jurassic boundary are exposed in the Karaburun Peninsula, Western Turkey. The studied section (Tahtaiskele section) consists of Upper Triassic cyclic shallow marine carbonates intercalated with clastics overlain by Lower Liassic carbonates. Based on the microfacies stacking patterns, three main types of shallowing-upward cycles have been recognized. Cycles are mostly composed of subtidal facies at the bottom, intertidal/supratidal facies and/or subaerial exposure structures at the top. The duration of the cycles suggests that cycles were driven by the precessional Milankovitch rhytmicity. In the sequence stratigraphic frame of the Tahtaiskele section 4 sequence boundaries were detected and globally correlated. The first sequence boundary is located at the Alaunian–Sevatian boundary nearly coinciding with the first appearance of Triasina hantkeni. The second falls in the Rhaetian corresponding to a major sea level fall which led to the invasion of forced regressive siliciclastic deposits over the peritidal carbonates. The third occurs close to the T/J boundary and the fourth lies slightly above the base of the Jurassic. In the studied section, extinction, survival and recovery intervals have been recognized based on the stratigraphic occurrence patterns of benthic foraminifera and algae. Foraminifers became nearly totally extinct in the inner carbonate shelves at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary and an interval of approximately 0.5 my passed before the begining of the recovery of Jurassic foraminifera.  相似文献   

Influence of borehole quantity and distribution on lithology field simulation     

NAN Tian  GUO Si-jia 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(4):295-308

This paper aims to study the influence of the number and distribution of drill samples on the simulation accuracy of the lithology field. This research mainly applies the variation function method in geo-statistics, and determines important indicators such as the variation, and then the lithology field is simulated by sequence index simulation. It is shown that (1) simulation error decreases with the increase of sampling density; (2) at the scale and complexity of this study, when the sampling density reaches 40 /km2, the average error of the lithology field simulation can be less than 2.0%; (3) in the study mode of examples, the simulation results of random sampling in the whole region are the most ideal, with an average error of 5.4%. The average error of the simulation results of the centralized sampling is about 10 times that of the random sampling method; (4) known from the influence analysis of the degree of study sample unevenness influence on the imitation results, under the same sample size, the simulation error decreases with the increase of the most adjacent index. When the nearest index reaches 1, the simulation error will be less than 6%, and the error variable range is within 3%.  相似文献   

贵州顶苏二叠系晒瓦组基本序列及时代探讨     

曾昭光  杨恩林 《云南地质》2014,(4):466-470

顶苏地区晒瓦组以灰色、深灰色薄—中厚层泥质岩屑粉砂岩为主,基本层序由细砂岩—粉砂岩—粘土岩组成,向上粒径变细,层理变薄.在顶苏—小革么—带晒瓦组底发育砾岩层,为晚二叠世沿中二叠统侵蚀面上发育的一套河流相碎屑岩沉积.砾岩层之下灰岩中产牙形石Neogondolella granti Barskov et koroleva,同时根据晒瓦组假整合于峨眉山玄武岩之上,因此晒瓦组为晚二叠世产物.  相似文献   

Tectonic controls on the evolution of the Andean Cenozoic foreland basin: Evidence from fluvial system variations in the Payogastilla Group,in the Calchaquí, Tonco and Amblayo Valleys,NW Argentina     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2014

The stratigraphic and sedimentological characteristics of the Payogastilla Group represent important tectono-sedimentary constraints on the evolution of the Andean foreland basin in northwestern Argentina. This nonmarine unit unconformably rests on top of the post-rift deposits of the middle Eocene Lumbrera Formation of the Santa Bárbara Subgroup (Salta Group). Eocene-Pliocene paleoenvironmental changes are a direct result of the tectonic settings and accommodation space. Sequential stratigraphic analysis of the paleoenvironment of the Los Colorados Formation strata indicates the presence of three third-order sequences. Each sequence comprises a low-accommodation systems tract (LAST) and a high-accommodation systems tract (HAST). Substantial tectonic activity from the middle to upper Miocene is represented by Angastaco Formation strata that contain a shallow, gravel-braided fluvial system associated with gravity flows, with thicknesses of 4550 m (Calchaquí River) to 1500 m (Tonco). This activity marked the depocenter of the Angastaco basin. The development of a basal unconformity and the erosion of the Los Colorados Formation suggest a renewed uplift of the source area. Changes in the fluvial systems indicate an increase of the accommodation space.To obtain better temporal constraints on the basin evolution, new U–Pb ages on zircons from five pyroclastic airfall and two sedimentary levels were determined. A substantial environmental change in the upper Miocene (10–5 Ma) is associated with three episodes of tectonic uplift that are reflected in variations in the sedimentation rates of the Palo Pintado Formation. A reactivated Pliocene tectonic uplift is recorded in alluvial fans that originated from the east.  相似文献   

彭阳油田延长组长3段砂岩储层质量控制因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

兰朝利  王建国  周晓峰  代金友  杨明慧  崔志员 《岩石学报》2014,30(6):1828-1840

彭阳油田位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部,其上三叠统延长组长3段砂岩已发现商业油流,但是对其储层砂岩质量控制因素仍然缺乏了解。本文根据钻井、测井、岩心观察、铸体薄片、扫描电镜与岩心物性资料,研究了长3段层序格架与沉积相、砂岩成分与成岩作用特征及其对长3段砂岩储层质量的影响。长3段砂岩为发育在高位体系域早期的具有加积-进积准层序组特征的小型辫状河三角洲平原分流河道沉积,砂体孤立而不连续,成岩环境流体循环不畅而相对封闭,不利于早成岩期酸性大气水的普遍淋滤。长3段砂岩以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑砂岩为主。高岩屑和长石含量使砂岩在早期成岩压实中损失了大量粒间孔,高白云岩岩屑含量促进了埋藏成岩期间硬石膏与铁白云石的大量胶结,进一步减少了粒间孔隙。三角洲平原环境促进了早期成岩过程中颗粒蒙脱石包膜的形成,并在埋藏成岩过程中转换为绿泥石包膜或伊利石,尤其是绿泥石包膜抑制了石英增生,使粒间孔得以保存。早成岩期的酸性大气水与埋藏成岩期的有机酸对长石、云母或岩屑的溶蚀对砂岩储层质量的贡献相对有限。长3段砂岩孔隙以残余粒间孔为主,这暗示长3段砂岩在晚三叠世末期剥蚀与侏罗纪末期-新生代的抬升（降低了长3段压实程度）以及埋藏成岩过程中绿泥石颗粒包膜的形成是长3段砂岩孔隙保存的最重要因素。成岩作用促进了长3段孤立砂体的致密化,加剧了该砂岩储层预测难度。  相似文献   

Review of Research on Early Cambrian Phosphatized Quadrapyrgites     

SHAO Tiequan  WANG Qi  LIU Yunhuan  ZHANG Yanan  LI Hewei  HU Bo  LI Chuang  DONG Zhiguo  ZHANG Hongtao 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(4):1398-1405

The metazoan Quadrapyrgites consists, from proximal to distal ends, of an oral area, a cone, a collar, and an apex from the Early Cambrian Fortunian Stage in Xixiang Zhangjiagou section, southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Three morphological types of the apex, the most characteristic feature of the taxon, are identified from hundreds of Quadrapyrgites specimens. The Quadrapyrgites growth zone is situated at the oral end, where 12 terminal lobes are generated, uplifted, enlarged, and evaginated to form a crest; A one-by-one of crest number from 2 to 13 has been recognized. The unique growth pattern and ontogenetic sequence refute a cubozoan or cycloneuralian affinity for Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites, and instead defend a coronate scyphozoan hypothesis. An embryonic development and ontogenetic sequence with embryo and crest is constructed.  相似文献   

Sea level changes in the upper Aptian-lower/middle(?) Turonian sequence of Cauvery Basin,India – An ichnological perspective     

《Cretaceous Research》2015

Cauvery Basin, a pericratonic rift basin along the Eastern Continental Margin of India, evolved during the breakup of the Eastern Gondwanaland. It exposes both syn-rift and later post-rift passive margin deposits ranging from Barremian to Miocene. The Karai Formation, upper Aptian-lower/middle (?) Turonian represents the oldest passive margin in the Cauvery Basin. It is bounded at both contacts by major sequence boundaries viz. the break-up unconformity and the Turonian tilt event. The present communication deals with the ichnology of the Karai Formation and its integration with sedimentary facies and biostratigraphy to interpret the sea level changes during deposition. A traverse between the villages Karai and Kulakkalnattam was studied in detail for this purpose. Based on the lithological position, characters and internal grain size trends, the Karai Formation is sub-divided into four informal lithologic units; the lower three units, constitute a lithostratigraphic unit known in literature as the Gypsiferous Clay Member, while the uppermost, corresponds to the Sandy Clay Member. At the base, clays of the Karai Formation unconformably onlap onto the Precambrian basement or the fluvial syn-rift deposits across the break-up unconformity. Upper Aptian to middle Cenomanian, units I and II showing the distal Cruziana ichnofacies, deepening of the basin and a retrogradational stacking pattern represent a transgressive system tract (TST). This long phase of transgression is attributed to continuous accommodation created by the post-breakup thermal subsidence. The upper part of unit II (middle Cenomanian) shows condensation, with its top representing the maximum flooding surface (MFS). Upper Cenomanian to lower/middle (?) Turonian, units III and IV characterised by a shift from the distal Cruziana to the Skolithos ichnofacies, an initial aggradational and later deltaic, progradational stacking pattern resulting from a fall in the relative sea level and filling up of accommodation space represent the highstand system tract (HST). A further fall in the relative sea level led to the exposure, incision and erosion of the Karai Formation over which the younger transgressive sequence of the Trichinopoly Group was deposited with an angular unconformity.  相似文献   

运用层序地层学划分工程地质岩组新方法探讨     

胡夏嵩  赵法锁  马双科 《地球科学与环境学报》2001,23(3):55-59

首先简述了层序地层学的基本概念及其研究内容,介绍了运用该方法划分岩组的基本原则;在此基础上,尝试性地运用层序地层学方法对黑河工程引水洞进口段边坡岩体进行了岩组划分.最后,对该方法同目前已有的划分岩组的方法进行了对比和总结.  相似文献   

2011年8月11日新疆阿图什、伽师交界5．8级地震序列及震前部分地震学异常特征     

宋春燕  聂晓红 《内陆地震》2013,27(1):29-37

介绍了2011年8月11日新疆阿图什、伽师交界5．8级地震基本参数、地震序列特征,分析了震前震区周围及相邻构造区地震活动特征。研究结果表明：（1）5．8级地震发生在柯坪断裂,震源断错类型为逆冲型;（2）该地震序列为主．余型,余震衰减较快;（3）地震活动表明震前存在4级地震围空、地震平静、中等地震增强、地震学参数时间扫描异常等中期异常和小震群活动短期异常。  相似文献   

南秦岭早古生代盆地的充填序列及结构演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张俊良  陈高潮  李宗会  王炬川  张清盛  孔文年  张随安 《陕西地质》2012,30(2):38-45

南秦岭早古生代盆地中心在紫阳安康一带。盆地沉积充填可划为两个Ⅱ级层序和五个Ⅲ级层序,在层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅳ黑色岩系中,重晶石、毒重石产于海侵体系域与高水位体系域转换界面附近。盆地演化包括初始沉降期、过渡沉降期、稳定沉降期、强烈沉降期、盆地萎缩期五个阶段。  相似文献