贵州新民石门坎三叠系关岭组底部火山凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄及意义     

柴珺  江大勇  周敏  孙作玉  齐宁远  Ryosuke MOTANI  Andrea TINTORI 《地质论评》2022,68(1):2022020001-2022020001

华南地区三叠系地层发育,安尼阶底界（即下—中三叠统界线）附近广泛发育浅绿色火山凝灰岩或凝灰质碎屑岩,俗称 “绿豆岩”。国际安尼阶底界界线层型候选剖面——位于南盘江盆地内的贵州关刀剖面和广西湾头剖面,已获得可对比的“绿豆岩”锆石U-Pb年龄,但在相邻的上扬子台地上尚缺少对安尼阶底界测年的可对比数据。本研究采集了贵州省盘州市新民镇石门坎剖面三叠系关岭组底部的多层“绿豆岩”,利用LA-ICP-MS获得锆石的U-Pb年龄。结果显示,石门坎剖面关岭组底部的锆石结晶年龄为246.9±1.1 Ma,可与南盘江盆地内及上扬子台地区出露安尼阶底界的剖面相对比。其绝对年龄为上扬子台地区内的安尼阶底界年龄对比提供了参照,有助于限定中三叠世海生爬行动物群所代表的海洋生态系统的复苏时间。石门坎剖面地层沉积连续,未来有望继续开展综合地层学的研究。  相似文献   

Helcionelloids from the Cambrian Fortunian of the Northern Yangtze Platform, China     

ZHANG Mengshao  PANG Yanchun  YANG Ben  HE Yangjian  LIANG Siyu  HU Qiang  LIN Li 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(6):1587-1603

A study of the morphological and microstructural characteristics of helcionelloids from the Nanjiang area (north Sichuan, China) at the northern Yangtze Platform was undertaken, in order to understand their phylogenetic position. Helcionelloids fossils from the Kuanchuanpu Formation of the Changtanhe–Maolinzi section include 7 genera and 11 species. There are distinct differences in the degree of shell bending, the apical morphology and apex position, the outline of the aperture and the height of the shell, all of which constitute important identification features. Although helcionelloid apices exhibit varying degrees of rotation towards the aperture, they do not show any signs of evident distortion. A pair of basally-symmetrical muscle scars are discovered on the shells of helcionelloids (such as Bemella simplex), showing a distinct difference when compared with those of the stem-group gastropod (e.g., Pelagiella). The prismatic shell layer of helcionelloids has been observed, which are common components in Cambrian molluscs, but differ significantly from the dense layer microstructure found in contemporary molluscs. The microstructures, muscle scars and morphological characteristics demonstrate that helcionelloids represent a stem-group of molluscs.  相似文献   

The Holocene environmental changes revealed from the sediments of the Yarkov sub-basin of Lake Chany,south-western Siberia     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101518

Lake Chany is the largest endorheic lake in Siberia whose catchment is entirely on the territory of Russia. Its geographical location on the climate-sensitive boundary of wet and dry landscapes provides an opportunity to gain more knowledge about environmental changes in the West Siberian interior during the Holocene and about the evolution of the lake itself. Sediment cores obtained from the Yarkov sub-basin of the lake in 2008 have been comprehensively studied by a number of approaches including sedimentology and AMS dating, pollen, diatom and chironomid analyses (with statistical interpretation of the results), mineralogy of authigenic minerals and geochemistry of plant lipids (biomarker analysis.). Synthesis of new results presented here and published data provides a good justification for our hypothesis that Lake Chany is very young, no older than 3.6 ka BP. Before that, between 9 and 3.6 ka BP, the Chany basin was a swampy landscape with a very low sedimentation rate; it could not be identified as a water body. In the early lake phase, between 3.6 and 1.5 ka BP, the lake was shallow, 1.2–3.5 m in depth, and it rose to its modern size, up to 6.5 m in depth, during the last millennium. Our data reveal important changes in the understanding of the history of this large endorheic lake, as before it was envisioned as a large lake with significant changes in water level since ca. 14 ka BP. In addition to hydrology, our proxies provide updates and details of the regional vegetation and climate change since ca. 4 ka BP in the West-Siberian forest-steppe and steppe. As evolution of the Chany basin is dependent on hydroclimatic changes in a large region of southern West Siberia, we compare lake-level change and climate-change proxies from the other recently and most comprehensively studied lakes of the region.  相似文献   

黄河中游响应气候变化和地表相对抬升发育阶地研究     

潘保田  胡振波 《冰川冻土》2021,43(3):853-863

揭示河流系统响应气候变化和地表抬升的机制是理解流域地貌演化以及水系发育过程的基础,其核心难题是如何充分认识它们在阶地发育中扮演的角色。以往的研究倾向于分开讨论气候变化和地表抬升在河流阶地发育中的作用,认为河流堆积/侧蚀和下切行为分别与冰期和间冰期气候对应,或者将阶地作为地表抬升的直接证据。首先,从上下游河段对比的视角初步解释了黄河中游响应气候变化和地表相对汾渭盆地抬升发育阶地的过程。1.2 Ma以来黄河下蚀鄂尔多斯地块和峨眉台地分别形成了7级阶梯状阶地和6级堆积阶地序列。黄土地层分析结合年代学研究揭示这些阶地面都直接上覆一层古土壤,指示它们形成于气候由冰期向间冰期的过渡阶段,即使在沉降的盆地依然如此。然而,黄河中游并没有在1.2 Ma以来的每一次冰期向间冰期转换都发育阶地,说明气候虽能通过控制河流堆积-侧蚀与下切行为的转换决定阶地的形成时代,但其本身并不是阶地形成的唯一控制因素。在峨眉台地沉降的背景下,黄河无法形成正常的阶梯状阶地序列,取而代之的是堆叠的阶地序列（阶地越年轻拔河高度越大）;而当鄂尔多斯地块相对汾渭盆地抬升缓慢时,黄河仅能在极为干旱的冰期向间冰期过渡阶段形成阶地;相比之下,它们相对汾渭盆地抬升速率都足够快速时,驱动黄河近乎对每一次的冰期向间冰期转换都能做出响应而发育阶地。以上黄河中游阶地与气候和地表抬升的对比模式揭示出,快速地表抬升也是阶梯状阶地序列发育不可或缺的因素,能驱使河流在冰期向间冰期过渡阶段显著下切,拉大相邻阶地面垂直距离从而利于后期保存。因此,研究认为黄河中游发育的系列阶地是响应气候变化和地表相对汾渭盆地抬升的结果。  相似文献   

Quaternary glaciations in the Verkhoyansk Mountains, Northeast Siberia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Georg Stauch  Frank Lehmkuhl 《Quaternary Research》2010,74(1):145-196

Geomorphological mapping revealed five terminal moraines in the central Verkhoyansk Mountains. The youngest terminal moraine (I) was formed at least 50 ka ago according to new IRSL (infrared optically stimulated luminescence) dates. Older terminal moraines in the western foreland of the mountains are much more extensive in size. Although the smallest of these older moraines, moraine II, has not been dated, moraine III is 80 to 90 ka, moraine IV is 100 to 120 ka, and the outermost moraine V was deposited around 135 ka. This glaciation history is comparable to that of the Barents and Kara ice sheet and partly to that of the Polar Ural Mountains regarding the timing of the glaciations. However, no glaciation occurred during the global last glacial maximum (MIS 2). Based on cirque orientation and different glacier extent on the eastern and western flanks of the Verkhoyansk Mountains, local glaciations are mainly controlled by moisture transport from the west across the Eurasian continent. Thus glaciations in the Verkhoyansk Mountains not only express local climate changes but also are strongly influenced by the extent of the Eurasian ice sheets.  相似文献   

Multi-component seismic response analysis of offshore platform by wavelet energy principle     

Hong-Nan Li  Xiao-Yu He  Ting-Hua Yi 《Coastal Engineering》2009

A wavelet energy method is presented to search the critical incidence of earthquake excitation in a multi-dimensional seismic response of offshore platforms. The total effective energy and the instantaneous effective energy input rate of an earthquake can be obtained by wavelet transformation to predict the critical incidence of the earthquake and then the maximum dynamic response of the platform can be calculated. The critical incidence is determined using this method for an actual platform and a group of single degree-of-freedom systems. Numerical results show that the application of wavelet transform in a multi-dimensional seismic response of structures is convenient and reliable.  相似文献   

Magnetic study of Late Pleistocene loess/palaeosol sections from Siberia: palaeoenvironmental implications   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

G. Matasova  E. Petrovský  N. Jordanova  V. Zykina  A. Kapi&#;ka 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,147(2):367-380

  相似文献   

华北地台晚古生代海侵模式雏议   总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

张鹏飞  邵龙义  代世峰 《古地理学报》2001,3(1):15-24

本对华北地台的山西太原西山上石炭统太原组的7、8和11号煤层及其顶板灰岩的地球化学特征、煤核和生物化石进行了系统分析，发现煤层形成过程中有海水的影响，煤层上覆石灰岩形成过程中亦有淡水参与，说明煤层及其顶板灰岩在相序上是连续的，其海侵模式并不是突发型海便。而为渐进型海侵。本还应用层序地层学原理论述了海平面变化与聚煤作用的关系。  相似文献   

华北地台前寒武纪变质基底的Sm－Nd同位素地质信息   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陆松年  杨春亮  李怀坤  蒋明媚  陈安蜀  胡正德 《华北地质矿产杂志》1995,(2)

华北前寒武纪变质基底的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素资料，主要来自冀东、辽东、内蒙古中部，五台－太行、河南和鲁西等地早前寒武纪以基性岩为主的表壳岩和深成酸性侵入体，也有少量副变质岩的分析结果。已搜集的华北地台前寒武纪变质基底的３０４个Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ分析资料表明，除同位素年龄信息外，作为壳－幔演化示踪剂，给出了岩石圈早期演化的重要信息：除已由Ｕ－ｐｂ法证实的冀东曹庄、辽东鞍山有≥３．８Ｇａ的地壳残留外，Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ资料还暗示吕粱和登封一带存在＞３．５Ｇａ的古老地壳。在华北地台上，除＞３．５Ｇａ的早期壳－幔分离事件外，３．２～３．６Ｇａ，２．６～３．０Ｇａ和２．０～２．２Ｇａ分别为三次造壳的高峰时间。来自华北不同地区的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ资料还表明，在３．０Ｇａ以前即存在一个规模较大的古老地壳，加之晚太古的造壳规模，太古宙地壳规模之宏大已与现代地壳相近似。除壳－幔分离的造壳事件外，华北地台早前寒武纪地壳活化再造十分强烈。活化再造形成的酸性侵入体的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素资料显示Ｔ＿（ＤＭ）＝２．６～２．８Ｇａ是活化再造的最高峰时期。  相似文献   

寒武纪苗岭世特别的光养碳酸盐岩工厂：以江苏徐州贾旺剖面张夏组为例     

梅冥相 《地质学报》2022,96(3):744-768

碳酸盐岩工厂，即碳酸盐生产作用体系，是指那些表明了以下特征的底栖碳酸盐岩组合，这些特征包括主导性沉淀作用样式、矿物构成、生产作用以及生长潜力的深度变化范围；如果将浮游碳酸盐工厂作为第四个体系的话，再排除渗漏和陆相工厂(与流体相关的工厂)，那么，在地质学尺度范围内，基于海相碳酸盐沉淀作用的三种基本的模式(非生物的(或者是准非生物的)、生物诱发的、以及生物控制的)，这些沉淀作用综合在一起，就形成三个碳酸盐生产体系即形象化的三重划分的碳酸盐岩工厂：① T- 工厂，T蕴含着热带的和水柱顶部的涵义；② C- 工厂，C代表着冷水或受到控制的沉淀作用的基本涵义；③ M- 工厂，M代表着微生物、泥晶或泥丘的基本内涵。作为显生宙的第一个纪，寒武纪明显具有一个承前启后的特点，在较高的大气圈氧气含量下得到进化的生物矿化作用表征的寒武纪后生动物大爆发、与显生宙最高的大气圈二氧化碳含量下得到复苏的有机矿化作用主导的微生物礁相耦合，从而在寒武纪方解石海中形成一个蓝细菌繁荣所主导的光养T- 工厂和M- 工厂；光养T- 工厂则以光合作用生物膜诱发的放射鲕粒为特征，光养M- 工厂不但占据着T- 工厂的位置而且以蓝细菌微生物席所主导的微生物礁所表征的碳酸盐泥丘为特征。所以说，这两个特别的碳酸盐工厂均指向一个光合作用新陈代谢的基本特征。这样的浅水光养T- 工厂和光养〖JP2〗M- 工厂的典型实例，来自于江苏徐州贾旺剖面的张夏组，表现在张夏组构成的三级沉积层序中组成强迫型海退体系域的一个特别的沉积序列，即从一套31 m厚的光合作用生物膜诱发的放射鲕粒滩相灰岩向上变化为一套厚度为82 m的均一石和树形石主导的微生物礁灰岩，体现出了一个从光养- T工厂变化为光养M- 工厂的变化序列。由于M- 工厂在现代世界之中没有得到较好的约束，而且主导T- 工厂的鲕粒常常被理解为无机沉淀物的典型代表，所以，本文的发现和研究，将拓宽寒武纪时期特别环境因素控制下的方解石海之中、与后生动物的寒武纪大爆〖JP〗发相平行的蓝细菌繁荣所主导的碳酸盐岩生产作用体系即碳酸盐工厂的深入了解，因为描述、界定和解释无穷多样的碳酸盐岩始终是一个谜团，原因在于许多复杂的困难和问题只有推测性的答案。  相似文献