The role of eclogites in the redistribution of water in the subcontinental mantle of the Siberian craton: results of determination of the water content in minerals from the Udachnaya pipe eclogites     

M.V. Kolesnichenko  D.A. Zedgenizov  A.L. Ragozin  K.D. Litasov  V.S. Shatsky 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(7):763-779

A comprehensive study of 26 mafic mantle xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe was carried out. The contents of major and trace elements, equilibrium temperature parameters, and water content in the rock-forming minerals were determined. The temperatures of formation of the studied rocks are estimated at 800–1300 °C. According to IR spectroscopy data, the water content in clinopyroxenes from the studied eclogites varies from values below the detection limit to 99 ppm. The IR spectra of garnets lack bands of water. The water content in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene from garnet websterite is 72 and 8 ppm, respectively. The water content in the average rock, calculated from the ratio of the rock-forming minerals, varies from a few to 55 ppm. No relationship among the water content, equilibrium temperatures, and rock composition is established. The low water contents in the eclogites are close to the earlier determined water contents in peridotites from the same pipe and are, most likely, due to the re-equilibration of the eclogites with the rocks of the peridotitic lithospheric mantle. The dehydration of the protolith during its subduction and the partial melting of eclogites before their removal by kimberlitic magma to the surface might be an additional cause of the low water contents in the mantle eclogite xenoliths.  相似文献   

浅水区(潮间带)滤食性贝类生物沉积的现场测定     

刘鹏  周毅  王峰  张晓梅  刘炳舰  杨红生 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):253-258

2012年7月,在荣成天鹅湖用自行研制的沉积物捕集器现场测定底内动物菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)和底上动物长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的生物沉积速率,以建立潮间带贝类生物沉积的现场测定方法,并评价两种贝类对潮间带生态环境的影响。结果表明:各组内沉积物重量差异不显著,处理组与对照组的沉积物重量差异显著(F=58.047,P=0.000),测得的生物沉积速率与文献具有可比性,因此可以推测新型生物沉积物捕集器适用于浅水区(潮间带),能够准确测定生物沉积速率。在平均水温18.8°C条件下,菲律宾蛤仔和长牡蛎都具有较高的生物沉积速率。壳长(25.0±1.5)mm、软体干重(0.12±0.03)g的菲律宾蛤仔生物沉积速率为(44.92±4.12)mg/(ind·d);壳长(29.8±1.3)mm、软体干重(0.23±0.05)g的菲律宾蛤仔生物沉积速率为(54.84±7.77)mg/(ind·d);壳长(98.8±14.1)mm、软体干重(3.94±0.66)g的长牡蛎生物沉积速率为(1069.01±212.24)mg/(ind·d)。作为天鹅湖海区两种典型贝类,据估算,每平方米面积内的蛤仔和长牡蛎每天分别将29.9g、15.0g的悬浮颗粒物通过滤食和排粪沉积到底层,增强了水层-底栖系统的耦合作用。  相似文献   

亚洲3个大火成岩省(峨眉山、西伯利亚、德干)对比研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏林圻  徐学义  李向民  夏祖春  马中平 《西北地质》2012,(2):1-26

峨眉山(～260 Ma)、西伯利亚(～250 Ma)和德干(～66 Ma)大陆溢流玄武岩是世界上3个重要的大火成岩省.大火成岩省至少具有4个通常被用于识别古地幔柱的标志:(1)先于岩浆作用的地表隆升;(2)与大陆裂谷化和裂解事件相伴;(3)与生物灭绝事件联系密切;(4)地幔柱源玄武岩的化学特征.虽然这3个大火成岩省都是来源于原始地幔柱,但是它们的地球化学特征有本质上的差异,反映其地幔柱曾与不同的上地幔库相互作用.(1)峨眉山和西伯利亚大陆溢流玄武岩的母岩浆,在上升过程中经受了与地球化学上和古老克拉通岩石圈地幔相同的上地幔库(EM1型幔源)的相互作用;(2)而德干大火成岩省没有受到地壳(或岩石圈)混染的原生玄武岩则显示地幔柱和EM2之间的Sr-Nd同位素变化.这种差异有可能制约了3个大火成岩省的成矿潜力.峨眉山和西伯利亚大火成岩省含有世界级岩浆矿床,而德干大火成岩省则不含矿.  相似文献   

华北晚中生代构造演化过程——根据太行山北部盆地沉积记录   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永超  董树文  施炜  岑敏  李江瑜 《地球学报》2016,37(1):35-45

太行山北部地区处于燕山山脉和太行山山脉的交汇处,其侏罗纪—白垩纪叠加盆地发育过程记录了东西向盆地向北东向盆地转化过程,对刻画华北晚中生代陆内变形过程及其动力学背景具有重要意义。本文以太行山北部草沟堡盆地和招柏盆地为例,在盆地基本构造格架分析的基础上,通过详细的沉积物物源分析、盆地原型再造等沉积学方法,结合岩浆岩同位素年代学数据,提出太行山北部晚中生代构造演化过程,主要经历四个发展演化阶段,包括中侏罗世晚期近南北向构造挤压与挠曲盆地发育、晚侏罗世近南北向弱伸展作用与壳源火山喷发、晚侏罗世末期—早白垩世早期北西—南东向构造挤压与前陆盆地形成、早白垩世北西—南东向伸展作用与幔源火山作用。构造体制转变本质上是动力学体系的转变,在中晚侏罗世东亚大陆多向汇聚体系之下,太行山北部经历的多期构造叠加和盆地叠置过程折射了蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系向滨太平洋构造体系的转化过程。  相似文献   

Spatial distribution of dust deposition within a small drainage basin: Implications for loess deposits in the Negev Desert   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Giora J. Kidron  Motti Zohar  Abraham Starinsky 《Sedimentology》2014,61(7):1908-1922

Loessial colluvial sediments and aeolian aprons are common deposits in the Negev Desert Highlands. In an attempt to monitor the amounts and distributional pattern of loess, monthly dust measurements were carried out during 2004 to 2006 in 10 cm diameter traps located at 18 stations along four slopes, north‐facing, south‐facing, east‐facing and west‐facing in a second‐order drainage basin near Sede Boqer, Negev Desert Highlands, Israel. Annual total dust depositions ranged between 110 g and 178 g m^?2 with an average of 151·1 g m^?2. The average annual dust deposition in the catchment was 23·5% higher than the average amount recorded at the hilltops (122·4 g m^?2) and may be a consequence of sheltering opportunities in the hilly topography. When analysed according to season and aspect, significantly higher monthly amounts were received during the wet rainy season of December to March (17·0 g m^?2), in comparison with the rest of the year (8·1 g m^?2). As for the aspect, while no significant differences characterized north‐facing and south‐facing slopes, east‐facing slopes received significantly higher amounts (by 43·3%) than west‐facing slopes, pointing to preferential dust deposition at the leeward slope. Concurring with the classical model that anticipates higher dust deposition at the leeside slope, but in disagreement with some reports published in the literature, the findings of this study were also supported by a field survey that showed preferential loess accumulation at the eastern and north‐eastern aspects. These findings may shed light on distributional patterns of colluvial sediments and aeolian aprons in the Negev, on soil‐forming processes and on past cycles of dust deposition.  相似文献   

冬季西伯利亚高压变化特征及其与中国气温的关系   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

侯亚红  杨修群  李刚 《气象科技》2007,35(5):646-650

客观地定义了表征西伯利亚高压位置和强度变化的4个指数,系统地分析了西伯利亚高压变化特征,并讨论了西伯利亚高压对我国冬季气温异常的影响。结果表明:西伯利亚高压具有明显的年际变化和年代际变化。在年代际尺度上,西伯利亚高压表现出随着时间变化先减弱、缩小,后增强、加大的趋势,位置变化趋势是先西撤、后东进,1999年后又西撤。其面积、强度和中心纬度异常与我国冬季气温关系密切,而经度异常变化对我国冬季气温异常变化影响不大。当冬季西伯利亚高压面积、强度异常大的时候,我国冬季气温异常主要表现为西南地区温度偏高,其它地区尤其是东北南部、新疆北部和华南部分地区温度偏低。  相似文献   

巴丹吉林沙漠东南缘末次冰期沉积物地球化学特征及气候指示意义     

范小露  张新毅  田明中 《干旱区地理》2021,44(2):409-417

沙漠古气候重建对于了解区域古气候演变具有重要意义.通过以巴丹吉林沙漠东南缘巴润宝日陶勒盖(BRBG)剖面为研究对象,进行全样地球化学、分组分分粒级元素地球化学及Sr同位素分析,重建该地区末次冰期期间(66.8～41.0 ka)的气候演化模式.研究表明:66.8～41.0 ka呈现残留组分高Sr/Ca值、酸溶组分及残留组...  相似文献