层状云系催化增雨的中尺度模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵震  雷恒池 《气候与环境研究》2012,17(6):779-788

利用PSU/NCAR中尺度模式MM5研究层状云碘化银催化后的区域外效应.在MM5中双参数显式云物理方案基础上,采用显式方法加入碘化银粒子的成核机制,建立碘化银粒子比含水量和数浓度预报方程.通过增加催化过程的程序模块,建立起一个中尺度人工催化系统.采用三重嵌套到3.3 km格距模拟了一次层状云系大范围降水,此个例-5℃到-10℃上碘化银催化试验结果表明碘化银在高空风的作用下向下风方输送并影响云内的微物理过程,碘化银持续作用时间为3h.大多数碘化银主要起凝华核作用,催化后冰晶增加主要靠凝华过程.催化后3h内在下风方区域80 km到240 km有10％～30％的增雨,出现催化区域外效应.  相似文献   

Metal tissue levels in Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) pups     

Holmes AL  Wise SS  Goertz CE  Dunn JL  Gulland FM  Gelatt T  Beckmen KB  Burek K  Atkinson S  Bozza M  Taylor R  Zheng T  Zhang Y  Aboueissa AM  Wise JP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(8):1416-1421

The endangered Western population of the Steller sea lion declined for three decades for uncertain reasons. We present baseline data of metal concentrations in pups as a first step towards investigating the potential threat of developmental exposures to contaminants. Seven metals were investigated: arsenic, cadmium, silver, aluminum, mercury, lead and vanadium. Vanadium was detected in only a single blubber sample. Mercury appears to be the most toxicologically significant metal with concentrations in the liver well above the current action level for mercury in fish. The concentrations of aluminum, arsenic, silver, cadmium and lead were present in one-fourth to two-thirds of all samples and were at either comparable or below concentrations previously reported. Neither gender nor region had a significant effect on metal burdens. Future work should consider metal concentrations in juveniles and adults and toxicological studies need to be performed to begin to assess the toxicity of these metals.  相似文献   

Cloud Point Extraction for the Preconcentration of Silver and Palladium in Real Samples and Determination by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry     

Hossein Tavallali  Saeed Yazdandoust  Mozhdeh Yazdandoust 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(3):242-247

A cloud point extraction procedure is presented for the preconcentration and simultaneous determination of Ag⁺ and Pd²⁺ in various samples. After complexation with 2‐((2‐((1H‐benzo[d]imidazole‐2‐yl)methoxy)phenoxy)methyl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol (BIMPI), which was used as a new chelating agent, analyte ions were quantitatively extracted to a phase rich in Triton X‐114 following centrifugation, and determination was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Under the optimum experimental conditions (i. e., pH = 7.0, 15.0·10^–5 mol/L BIMPI and 0.036% (w/v) Triton X‐114), calibration graphs were linear in the range of 28.0–430.0 μg/L and 57.0–720.0 μg/L with detection limits of 10.0 and 25.0 μg/L for Ag⁺ and Pd²⁺, respectively. The enrichment factors were 35.0 and 28.0 for Ag⁺ and Pd²⁺, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to evaluate these metals in some real samples, including waste water, soil and hydrogenation catalyst samples.  相似文献   

Geology and volcanic stratigraphy of the Canatuan and Malusok volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits,southwestern Mindanao,Philippines     

Ross?L.?SherlockEmail author  Timothy?J.?Barrett 《Mineralium Deposita》2004,39(1):1-20

The Canatuan and Malusok massive sulfide deposits are located near Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte, in southwestern Mindanao, Philippines. The Canatuan–Malusok area is underlain by the Jurassic–Cretaceous Tungauan schists, which form much of the Zamboanga Peninsula. The volcanic strata at Canatuan and Malusok can be traced for >7 km along strike and is host to at least three discrete massive sulfide bodies: Canatuan, Malusok and SE Malusok. Basal basaltic andesite volcanic rocks are generally chemically uniform and show only moderate alteration. The massive sulfide deposits occur in overlying rhyolitic to rhyodacitic volcanic rocks that are altered to a schistose assemblage of quartz, sericite, chlorite and pyrite. The alteration is texturally destructive but graded clastic beds are locally observed. Despite tropical saprolitic weathering, four lithogeochemical subunits of the felsic package are identified. Stratigraphic interleaving, however, has made correlation of these units over any significant distance difficult. The sulfide lenses are overlain by a few metres of felsic schists which locally contain manganese-bearing silicates and oxides that serve as a stratigraphic marker. Hangingwall andesitic volcaniclastic rocks are discontinuously preserved, although where present, they consist of regularly bedded mafic volcanic sandstones. The lateral continuity of a manganese-bearing marker and flanking felsic volcaniclastic intervals indicate that locally the volcanic strata form a homoclinal sequence. The Canatuan Au–Ag–Cu–Zn deposit consists of a gossan overlying a massive sulfide lens. The sulfides and gossan are flat lying and hosted within felsic volcanic rocks. The gossan is gold–silver-rich, and was formed by a combination of oxidation and volume collapse of the original sulfide lens. The sulfide minerals present below the current water table, are auriferous massive pyrite with base metal sulfides, with some supergene chalcocite. The transition from gossan to sulfides is very sharp, occurring at the water table. Massive sulfide deposits at Malusok are hosted in the same felsic sequence as Canatuan and they have similar base and precious metal contents. Only limited gossan has been found at Malusok. The bimodal nature of the volcanic rocks at Canatuan, together with their low HFSE contents, near-flat REE patterns and tholeiitic affinities, suggest that they formed in an intra-oceanic arc setting above a depleted mantle source. Mafic and felsic volcanic rocks of similar composition have been recovered from the Tonga-Kermadec and Izu-Bonin-Marianas island-arc systems in the western Pacific. Mafic rocks at Canatuan show no evidence for LILE enrichment that characterizes melts derived from metasomatized mantle under more mature arcs, suggesting that they are the product of a nascent, rather than a mature arc. There is no evidence from the REE, or other incompatible trace elements, that continental crust or evolved arc crust was involved in the generation of the Canatuan-Malusok volcanic rocks. Although it has been proposed that the Zamboanga metamorphic complex comprises microcontinental fragments of Eurasian affinity, our data do not support an evolved crustal setting for the Canatuan-Malusok volcanic rocks, which we suggest were derived from an intra-oceanic arc and subsequently accreted to the eastern Mindanao terrane.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-003-0350-7Editorial handling: R.R. Large  相似文献   

Modèle de formation du gisement d'argent d'Imiter (Anti-Atlas oriental,Maroc). Nouveaux apports de l'analyse structurale et minéralogique     

Johann Tuduri  Alain Chauvet  Aomar Ennaciri  Luc Barbanson 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(4):253-261

Based on a combined geometrical and mineralogical analysis, a three-stage model of formation of the mineralized veins of the giant Imiter silver deposit (Anti-Atlas, Morocco) is herein proposed. A first episode is characterized by the development of quartz, pink dolomite and Ag-rich minerals veins formed during a dextral transpressive event. The second episode is associated with a normal left-lateral motion that re-opens previous structures, filled by pink dolomite gangue. Alteration stages contribute to a local Ag enrichment. To cite this article: J. Tuduri et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2005).  相似文献   

广东省梅县嵩溪银锑矿地质特征及成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄继森  廖远森 《华南地质与矿产》2008,59(1):44-48

根据嵩溪银锑矿V2、V4、V5、V6号矿脉的产状、形态和矿化特征,分析了矿体沉积环境,控矿构造,成矿物质来源等因素,探讨了矿床的成因;初步认为早侏罗系海底安山玄武岩熔浆,沿寨岗上盆地边缘扩张性断裂上涌,在喷溢过程中,大量含Fe、Ag、Sb及多金属元素从喷口溢在富含有机质的局限-半局限海盆中沉积,形成矿源层或矿胚层。由于海盆中不断地接受上涌基性熔浆,在带来新的矿质来源的同时,含矿热水溶液流经含矿层问破碎裂隙,促使矿源层或矿胚层中矿化组分活化、迁移,在有利的物理化学和构造条件下沉淀富集成矿。其矿床成因应属海底火山喷流沉积-热液改造型矿床。  相似文献   

苏南L铅银矿成矿特征及找矿前景浅析     

李炎尧 《江苏地质》1999,23(2):84-87

区内中生代火山岩—次火山岩发育,铅银矿脉（囊）成群集中分布,具有“小、浅、富”的特点,成因为“火山—次火山含气热液”成矿,矿石类型为块状硫化物型。在斜歪背斜北侧,为一构造与火山—次火山复合作用的沉降凹陷区,弱磁异常规模较大,锰矿化发育,可与特富矿脉部位的弱磁异常、锰矿化相类比,可能存在具一定规模的银、铅（铜、锌、硫）矿体。  相似文献   

含铜,铅等杂物粗银的湿法提纯方法     

王璇 《江苏地质》1999,23(2):104-105

基于银、铜、铅及其盐类的氧化—还原性、溶解度和络合特性的不同而互相分离,达到分离铜、铅杂质,提纯银的目的,提供了一种纯度较高、效果良好的新型提取方法。  相似文献   

内蒙古西山湾羊场银多金属矿床银的赋存形式及成矿机理     

康明  岳长成 《岩石学报》2020,36(11):3363-3379

西山湾羊场银多金属矿床位于华北克拉通北缘中西段。矿区出露有较大面积的古生代二长花岗岩和英云闪长岩,中生代早白垩世白女羊盘组火山岩沿二长花岗岩与英云闪长岩之接触带的北东向张性裂隙喷发,银矿体呈透镜状或似层状产出于下白垩统白女羊盘组及其与侵入岩的接触带,铅锌矿体主要产于侵入岩及其与火山岩的接触带,断裂构造控矿明显。本文在野外地质调查的基础上,结合室内显微镜下观察和电子探针分析手段,对银的赋存形式和分布情况进行了研究,对银、铅锌的地球化学迁移模式、沉淀机制及其成矿过程进行了探讨。研究结果表明,该矿床中银的存在形式主要为可见银,其次为不可见银。可见银主要为显微包体银（1~10μm）和独立银矿物（>50μm）,不可见银主要为类质同象银和超显微包体银（<1μm）。显微包体银多被黄铁矿、石英、钾长石和重晶石等包裹;独立银矿物主要为辉银矿,其次为硒银矿,还有少量自然银、螺状硫银矿和深红银矿（淡红银矿）等,多分布于石英粒间及裂隙中;类质同象银主要赋存于蓝辉铜矿、雅硫铜矿等二元铜硫化物中;超显微包体银主要包裹于与银矿化相关的方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿中。根据矿（化）脉体之间的穿切关系、矿石结构构造及矿物共生组合,成矿作用过程可划分为热液期和表生期。热液期是主要的成矿期,包括石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段,其中石英-多金属硫化物阶段为主成矿阶段,铅锌矿化形成于该阶段早期,银矿化形成于该阶段晚期。富含Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb、Ag、S和Se等多种元素的成矿热液,在早期高温条件下金属离子以氯络合物的形式搬运,随着成矿热液温度降低以及其它物理化学环境的变化,氯络合物不稳定而解离,未发生沉淀的金属离子转变为以硫氢络合物的形式继续运移。成矿热液向上运移过程中,随着温度的持续降低,铁、锌、铜和铅等金属离子的硫氢络合物溶解度降低而发生分解,形成黄铁矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿和方铅矿等金属硫化物,Ag⁺部分置换Cu⁺以类质同象形式赋存于二元铜硫化物中,部分银以超显微包体形式被先期形成的矿物黄铁矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿等硫化物所包裹。因Fe²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cu⁺、Pb²⁺等离子的依次沉淀,致使^-不稳定而分解,生成辉银矿,并且Ag⁺与流体中的Se^2-结合形成少量硒银矿,被包裹于重晶石和石英之中,而溶液中过饱和的银则沉淀为自然银。表生条件下,原载体矿物中的银以及离散银经淋滤作用随黄铁矿的褐铁矿化而得以再次富集。  相似文献