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41.
C. Riedel A. Tryggvason B. Brandsdottír T. Dahm R. Stéfansson M. Hensch R. Böðvarsson K. S. Vogfjord S. Jakobsdottír T. Eken R. Herber J. Holmjarn M. Schnese M. Thölen B. Hofmann B. Sigurdsson S. Winter 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2006,27(4):267-281
Between June 2004 and September 2004 a temporary seismic network was installed on the northern insular shelf of Iceland and onshore in north Iceland. The seismic setup aimed at resolving the subsurface structure and, thus, the geodynamical transition from Icelandic crust to typical oceanic crust along Kolbeinsey Ridge. The experiment recorded about 1,000 earthquakes. The region encloses the Tjörnes Fracture Zone containing the Husavik–Flatey strike-slip fault and the extensional seismic Grimsey Lineament. Most of the seismicity occurs in swarms offshore. Preliminary results reveal typical mid-ocean crust north of Grimsey and a heterogeneous structure with major velocity anomalies along the seismic lineaments and north–south trending subsurface features. Complementary bathymetric mapping highlight numerous extrusion features along the Grimsey Lineament and Kolbeinsey Ridge. The seismic dataset promises to deliver new insights into the tectonic framework for earthquakes in an extensional transform zone along the global mid-ocean ridge system. 相似文献
42.
渤海湾沿岸泥炭沼泽形成机制与时空分布 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
渤海湾沿岸的海陆过渡带,优越的水文地理环境有利于泥炭沼泽的形成与发育。海洋海退导致的海岸线变迁,是控制泥炭沼泽发育时间和空间分布的主导因素。间冰期和冰后期的海面上升期间,自海向陆发育了海侵基底泥炭;中全新世高海面期,在山前扇缘洼地和沟谷有泥炭沼泽发育;晚全新世海面下降期,泥炭沼泽主要发育在沿岸的海湾、泻湖、三角洲汊河间洼地及平原上的河滩、阶地、古河道等地。 相似文献
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The European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) has been coupled with a two-dimensional depth-averaged transport model of the Humber plume region and run to simulate 1988–1989. Simulations of the spatial and temporal variations in chlorophyll-a, nitrate, phosphate and suspended particulate matter distributions in winter, spring and summer show how the development of the spring bloom and subsequent maintenance of primary production is controlled by the physicochemical environment of the plume zone. Results are also shown for two stations, one characterised by the high nutrient and suspended matter concentrations of the plume and the other by the relatively low nutrient and sediment concentrations of the offshore waters. The modelled net primary production at the plume site was 105 g C m−2 a−1 and 127 g C m−2 a−1 offshore. Primary production was controlled by light limitation between October and March and by the availability of nutrients during the rest of the year. The phytoplankton nutrient demand is met by in-situ recycling processes during the summer. The likely effect of increasing and decreasing anthropogenic riverine inputs of nitrate and phosphate upon ecosystem function was also investigated. Modelling experiments indicate that increasing the nitrogen to silicate ratio in freshwater inputs increased the production of non-siliceous phytoplankton in the plume. The results of this model have been used to calculate the annual and quarterly mass balances describing the usage of inorganic nitrogen, phosphate and silicate within the plume zone for the period of the NERC North Sea survey (September 1988 to October 1989). The modelled Humber plume retains 3.9% of the freshwater dissolved inorganic nitrogen, 2.2% of the freshwater phosphate and 1.3% of the freshwater silicate input over the simulated seasonal cycle. The remainder is transported into the southern North Sea in either dissolved or particulate form. The reliability of these results is discussed. 相似文献
46.
Nicholas Dodd 《中国海洋工程》1995,(2)
A nonlinear short-wave-averaged (surf beat) model is presented. The model is based on that of Roelvink (1993), but the numerical techniques used in the solution are based on the so-called weighted-averaged flux (WAF) method (eg Watson et al., 1992), with time-operator splitting used for the treatment of some of the source terms. This method allows a small number of computational points to be used, and is particularly efficient in modelling breaking long waves. The short-wave (or primary-wave) energy equation is solved using a more traditional Lax-Wendroff technique. Results of validation indicate that the model performs satisfactorily in most respects. 相似文献
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48.
C.G. Castro M. Nieto-Cid X.A. lvarez-Salgado F.F. Prez 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2006,53(12):1925-1940
The short-time-scale variability of the remineralization patterns in the domain of Eastern North Atlantic Central Waters (ENACW) off the NW Iberian Peninsula is studied based on biogeochemical data (oxygen, nutrient salts, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved organic matter and fluorescence of dissolved humic substances) collected weekly between May 2001 and April 2002. The temporal variability of inorganic variables points to an intensification of remineralization during the summer and autumn, with an increase of nutrients, total inorganic carbon and fluorescence and a decrease of oxygen. During the subsequent winter mixing, there is a biogeochemical reset of the system, with lower nutrients, total inorganic carbon and fluorescence and higher oxygen. In contrast to inorganic variables, the levels of dissolved organic matter in the ENACW seem to respond to short-term events probably associated with fast sinking particles, where solubilisation of organic matter prevails over remineralization. Applying a previously published stoichiometric model, we observed a vertical fractionation of organic-matter remineralization. Although there is a preferential remineralization of proteins and P compounds in the entire domain of ENACW, the percentage was higher in the upper ENACW (σ<27.10 kg/m3) than in the lower; the percentage of N and P compounds in the oxidised organic matter was >80% for the upper ENACW and 63% for the lower. Likewise, the redissolution of calcareous structures contributes about 6% and 13% to the carbon regenerated in the upper and lower layers of ENACW, respectively. 相似文献
49.
厦门地区潮间带蟹类的种类组成与分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文根据厦门地区三个岛屿潮间带调查所获的资料,研究了蟹类的种类组成与分布,并应用多样性指数分析了蟹类的结构特征。经鉴定的蟹类有14种55属91种,其中软相57种,岩相44种。软相的蟹类组成与岩相的明显不同。 相似文献
50.
郯庐断裂带及其周缘中新生代盆地发育特征 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19
郯庐断裂带作为中国东部滨太平洋地区一条巨型走滑构造带,对其周缘中、新生代盆地的发育、演化起着重要的控制作用。随着太平洋板块俯冲方向从NNW向NW到NWW的变化,郯庐断裂带的活动方式逐步从中生代左行走滑-左行斜向滑动过渡到早第三纪以左行斜向-倾向滑动,晚第三纪-第四纪转为倾滑-右行斜向滑动-右行走滑。走滑活动经历了一个循序渐进的周期演变过程。随着郯庐断裂活动方式的演变,其周缘中、新生代盆地的发育逐渐向北迁移,其中南段周缘盆地主要为中生代盆地,中段周缘盆地主要为中、新生代叠加盆地,中北段周缘盆地主要为早第三纪盆地。每个盆地都经历了拉分(伸展)裂陷到挤压反转的演化过程。此外,在同一时期、同一区域剪切应力场作用下,不同区段因其走向变化导致局部应力场变化,在增压弯曲部位发生会聚、挤压、隆升;而释压拉张部位发生离散、伸展、沉降,从而盆地发育。 相似文献