100hPa环流变化与川渝地区旱涝异常分析     

李跃清 《成都信息工程学院学报》1999,(1)

应用ＳＶＤ技术，诊断分析了北半球１００ｈＰａ高度场与川渝地区夏季降水的关系。结果表明：高度场与降水场具有密切的时空相关性，第一模态反映了两场间的主要耦合特征；南亚高压活动地区前期１０～１２月、１～４月高度场变化，通过影响未来夏季南亚高压强度、位置，导致川渝地区夏季旱涝异常。高度场与降水场的这种非同步联系，物理意义明确，时空相关显著，是一种有价值的预测川渝地区夏季旱涝异常的强信号。  相似文献   

Deep-sea reef fish assemblage patterns on the Blake Plateau(Western North Atlantic Ocean)     

Steve W. Ross  & Andrea M. Quattrini 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(1):74-92

Deep‐water coral habitats are scattered throughout slope depths (360–800 m) off the Southeastern United States (SEUS, Cape Lookout, North Carolina, to Cape Canaveral, Florida), contributing substantial structure and diversity to bottom habitats. In some areas (e.g. off North Carolina) deep corals form nearly monotypic (Lophelia pertusa) high profile mounds, and in other areas (e.g. off Florida) many species may colonize hard substrata. Deep coral and hard substrata ecosystems off the SEUS support a unique fish assemblage. Using the Johnson‐Sea‐Link submersible (in 2000–2005, 65 dives), and a remotely operated vehicle (in 2003, five dives), fishes were surveyed in nine deep reef study areas along the SEUS slope. Forty‐two benthic reef fish species occurred in deep reef habitats in these study areas. Species richness was greatest on the two coral banks off Cape Lookout, North Carolina (n = 23 and 27 species) and lowest on the two sites off Cape Canaveral, Florida (n = 7 and 8 species). Fish assemblages exhibited significantly (ANOSIM, Global R = 0.69, P = 0.001) different patterns among sites. Stations sampled off North Carolina (three study areas) formed a distinct group that differed from all dives conducted to the south. Although several species defined the fish assemblages at the North Carolina sites, Laemonema barbatulum, Laemonema melanurum, and Helicolenus dactylopterus generally had the most influence on the definition of the North Carolina group. Fish assemblages at three sites within the central survey area on the Blake Plateau were also similar to each other, and were dominated by Nezumia sclerorhynchus and L. melanurum. Synaphobranchus spp. and Neaumia sclerorhynchus differentiated the two southern sites off Cape Canaveral, Florida, from the other station groups. Combinations of depth and habitat type had the most influence on these station groups; however, explicit mechanisms contributing to the organization of these assemblages remain unclear.  相似文献   

基于土地利用的三维景观格局指数变化分析     

刘国栋  陈炜吉 《地理空间信息》2021,19(1):71-73,98

由于传统二维景观格局指数未考虑地形特征对景观格局指数的影响,为进一步研究地形结构对景观格局指数的影响,以重庆主城区为研究对象,利用ENVI5.2、ArcGIS10.5、Fragstats4.2平台,对重庆主城区不同城市化阶段的Landsat影像数据进行土地利用变化和三维景观格局分析。结果表明,2008-2018年研究区土地利用面积发生了较大变化,表现为林地和建设用地增加,耕地减少,湖泊与河流面积变化不大;景观格局变化主要表现为景观受人类干扰较强,随着城镇规划越来越合理,景观破碎度减少,景观异质性降低。通过对比二维景观格局指数发现,三维景观格局指数更能反映研究区的景观格局。  相似文献   

起伏地形下重庆市水汽压的空间分布   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨阳  缪启龙  邱新法  高阳华 《气象科技》2007,35(1):66-70

利用重庆市1∶25万电子地图和100m×100m分辨率的DEM资料,建立了基于常规气象观测资料的实际起伏地形下重庆市水汽压空间分布模型,计算了重庆市各月月平均和年平均水汽压的空间分布,并完成其制图同时详细分析了重庆市实际地形下水汽压的空间分布。分析表明:随着海拔高度的增加,水汽压逐渐减小;各月水汽压的最小值出现在东北山区;重庆市水汽压的季节变化很明显。  相似文献   

On the recent warming of the southeastern Bering Sea shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P.J. Stabeno  N.A. Bond  S.A. Salo 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2599

During the last decade, the southeastern Bering Sea shelf has undergone a warming of 3 °C that is closely associated with a marked decrease of sea ice over the area. This shift in the physical environment of the shelf can be attributed to a combination of mechanisms, including the presence over the eastern Bering Sea shelf of a relatively mild air mass during the winter, especially from 2000 to 2005; a shorter ice season caused by a later fall transition and/or an earlier spring transition; increased flow through Unimak Pass during winter, which introduces warm Gulf of Alaska water onto the southeastern shelf; and the feedback mechanism whereby warmer ocean temperatures during the summer delay the southward advection of sea ice during winter. While the relative importance of these four mechanisms is difficult to quantify, it is evident that for sea ice to form, cold arctic winds must cool the water column. Sea ice is then formed in the polynyas during periods of cold north winds, and this ice is advected southward over the eastern shelf. The other three mechanisms can modify ice formation and melt, and hence its extent. In combination, these four mechanisms have served to temporally and spatially limit ice during the 5-year period (2001–2005). Warming of the eastern Bering Sea shelf could have profound influences on the ecosystem of the Bering Sea—from modification of the timing of the spring phytoplankton bloom to the northward advance of subarctic species and the northward retreat of arctic species.  相似文献   

Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska     

Thomas A. Ager  Paul E. Carrara  Victoria Anne  Joni Johnson 《Quaternary Research》2010,73(2):259-462

An AMS radiocarbon-dated pollen record from a peat deposit on Mitkof Island, southeastern Alaska provides a vegetation history spanning ∼12,900 cal yr BP to the present. Late Wisconsin glaciers covered the entire island; deglaciation occurred > 15,400 cal yr BP. The earliest known vegetation to develop on the island (∼12,900 cal yr BP) was pine woodland (Pinus contorta) with alder (Alnus), sedges (Cyperaceae) and ferns (Polypodiaceae type). By ∼12,240 cal yr BP, Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) began to colonize the island while pine woodland declined. By ∼11,200 cal yr BP, mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) began to spread across the island. Sitka spruce-mountain hemlock forests dominated the lowland landscapes of the island until ∼10,180 cal yr BP, when western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) began to colonize, and soon became the dominant tree species. Rising percentages of pine, sedge, and sphagnum after ∼7100 cal yr BP may reflect an expansion of peat bog habitats as regional climate began to shift to cooler, wetter conditions. A decline in alders at that time suggests that coastal forests had spread into the island's uplands, replacing large areas of alder thickets. Cedars (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, Thuja plicata) appeared on Mitkof Island during the late Holocene.  相似文献   

滇东南中三叠统法郎组锰矿床成因的新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜秋定  伊海生  惠博  武向峰  陈三运  陈广义 《地质论评》2010,56(5):673-682

产于滇东南中三叠世拉丁期法郎组地层中的锰矿床,锰矿石出现氧化锰矿与碳酸盐锰矿混合存在现象,没有明显的变质现象,为沉积成因。矿石中一般都含有生物碎屑。我们对采自这一地区的斗南、岩子脚、老乌,土基冲等典型矿床的锰矿石样品,进行了系统的薄片显微镜和扫描电镜观察,同时应用X射线衍射对矿石矿物成份作了相应分析。观察到这些矿石中的鲕、豆状结构是由蓝绿藻类微生物凝聚作用形成的显微叠层构造,具有核形石特有的核心和包壳,其明—暗纹层相间的显微结构特征可以与现代深海大洋铁锰结核相类比。本文通过对核形石显微结构特征的观察和对锰矿物生成时介质环境的讨论,初步研究结果表明,锰矿形成可能位于古氧化还原界面附近,该区锰的富集可能与微生物活动密切相关。  相似文献   

重庆彭水地区震旦系灯影组沉积地质新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵瞻  刘波  刘建清  丘东洲  汪正江  杨平  卓皆文 《沉积与特提斯地质》2010,30(1):32-39

重庆彭水太原乡老厂坪背斜核部的灯影组白云岩自下而上可划分为两段,下段"富藻",上段"富硅";沉积环境为浅水台地背景下的潮坪-局限台地,可据沉积物差异、沉积构造特征划分出潟湖、潮下、潮间及潮上四个微相类型。通过区域对比,建立了上扬子地区震旦系灯影组的沉积模式。纵向上,沉积相序表明其沉积时期海平面经历了两次升降变化,海侵十分短暂,海退为主体,海平面总体呈下降趋势;横向上,由北西至南东,水体逐渐加深,沉积环境经历了由潮坪-潟湖到局限台地-开阔台地,再到台地边缘以及陆棚的过渡。  相似文献   

Origin of the hydrocarbon gases carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in Dodan Field (SE-Turkey)     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Gas occurrences consisting of carbon dioxide (CO₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and hydrocarbon (HC) gases and oil within the Dodan Field in southeastern Turkey are located in Cretaceous carbonate reservoir rocks in the Garzan and Mardin Formations. The aim of this study was to determine gas composition and to define the origin of gases in Dodan Field. For this purpose, gas samples were analyzed for their molecular and isotopic composition. The isotopic composition of CO₂, with values of −1.5‰ and −2.8‰, suggested abiogenic origin from limestone. δ³⁴S values of H₂S ranged from +11.9 to +13.4‰. H₂S is most likely formed from thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) and bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) within the Bakuk Formation. The Bakuk Formation is composed of a dolomite dominated carbonate succession also containing anhydrite. TSR may occur within an evaporitic environment at temperatures of approximately 120–145 °C. Basin modeling revealed that these temperatures were reached within the Bakuk Formation at 10 Ma. Furthermore, sulfate reducing bacteria were found in oil–water phase samples from Dodan Field. As a result, the H₂S in Dodan Field can be considered to have formed by BSR and TSR.As indicated by their isotopic composition, HC gases are of thermogenic origin and were generated within the Upper Permian Kas and Gomaniibrik Formations. As indicated by the heavier isotopic composition of methane and ethane, HC gases were later altered by TSR. Based on our results, the Dodan gas field may have formed as a result of the interaction of the following processes during the last 7–8 Ma: 1) thermogenic gas generation in Permian source rocks, 2) the formation of thrust faults, 3) the lateral-up dip migration of HC-gases due to thrust faults from the Kas Formation into the Bakuk Formation, 4) the formation of H₂S and CO₂ by TSR within the Bakuk Formation, 5) the vertical migration of gases into reservoirs through the thrust fault, and 6) lateral-up dip migration within reservoir rocks toward the Dodan structure.  相似文献   

重庆洪官渡铝土矿床镓元素地球化学特征及其成矿环境探讨          下载免费PDF全文

孙洁  赵晓东  李军敏  陈莉  吕涛  陈阳  贾德龙 《沉积与特提斯地质》2014,34(3):106-112

重庆洪官渡铝土矿床伴生Ga含量普遍超过了工业综合利用指标。Ga与Cr、TiO2呈强正相关,与V呈中等程度的正相关,与Al2O3、Fe2O3不相关。根据Sr/Ba、u/Th、Ga/Al等地球化学指标值特征,判断该铝土矿床的含矿岩系属海陆交互沉积,但以陆相沉积为主;同时,洪官渡铝土矿床是在以淡水作用为主的弱酸性氧化环境的中形成。  相似文献