Boron isotopic geochemistry of karst groundwater in Guiyang City, China     

Wei ZHANG Congqiang LIU Zhiqi ZHAO 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):172-172

Boron has two stable isotopes （^10B and ^11B） with relative abundances of about 20% and 80%, respectively. Boron isotopic ratios in natural materials show a huge range of variations, from -70‰ to ＋60‰, when expressed with the classical δ^11B notation. Most of these isotopic variations occur at the surface of the Earth. Hence, boron isotopic composition can be used as a sensitive tracer in geochemical study, for instance, to identify the different sources of contamination and factors controlling the salinity of groundwater. During the last decade, boron isotopes have been used to discriminate between the influences of seawater intrusion and anthropogenic discharge. But few of those researches can precisely identify the different sources of contamination. We measured the boron concentrations and boron isotopic ratios of groundwater samples collected in Guiyang City, as well as the major ions. The results indicate that the major ion composition of the groundwater in the investigated area is mainly controlled by the interactions between water and the dominant rock i.e. carbonates. All the water compositions are characterized by high concentrations of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, HCO3^-, SO4^2-, and NO3^-, which are the dominant contaminants. Both dissolved boron concentrations and isotopic ratios show large variations among the ground waters, from 2 μg/L to 90 μg/L and from -6‰ to ＋26‰, respectively. The boron concentrations and isotopic ratios indicate that the river across the studied city has been seriously contaminated by urban discharge. Boron concentrations of fiver water samples varied from 20 μg/L to 140 μg/L, with an average δ^11B value of ＋2.0‰. Using boron isotopic compositions and different geochemical indices allowed us to clearly identify and distinguish the two major sources of contamination, agricultural activity and urban wastewater. Both of the two sources are characterized by high boron concentrations but their boron isotopic compositions significantly differ.  相似文献   

The effect of acid deposition on base cation cycling in a karstic-forested catchment： Evidence from strontium isotopes     

Houyi ZHENG Congqiang LIU Zhongliang WANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):174-174

Bedrock weathering and atmospheric deposition are the two primary sources of base cations （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋） to forest ecosystems. Therefore, the key problem is to understand the relative inputs from these two sources and the cycling in the ecosystem. This study focuses on the effects of acid deposition on cation cycling in a small-forested karstic catchment in Guizhou Province. Sr isotope ratios were used as a tracer for understanding the transport process between the different cation pools： rock, soil, surface water, atmospheric deposition and plant. The samples of wet deposition, total deposition, throughfall, surface and ground waters, vegetation, and soil were monthly collected. The exchangeable Sr^2＋ and Ca^2＋ in soil samples were extracted by using 1 M ammonium acetate. The leaf-tissue samples were ashed at 550℃, and the residue was digested in ultrapure HClO4 and HNO3. All water samples were filtrated through 0.45 μm aperture filter paper. Base cation concentrations and Sr isotopic composition were analyzed for all the samples. The results show that acid deposition （average pH 4.9） frequently occurred in the studied region. Cation abundance follows an increasing manner from rainwater, throughfall, to surface water or ground water samples, suggesting that acid deposition at first eiuviates Ca^2＋ , Mg^2＋ and Sr^2＋ from leaf, then the exchangeable cations from soil, and at last cations accumulate in surface water or ground water.  相似文献   

Stratigraphy and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of a Quaternary sequence along the Dong Nai River, southern Vietnam   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Toshiyuki Kitazawa  Takahiro Nakagawa  Tetsuo Hashimoto  Masaaki Tateishi 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2006,27(6):788-804

The pre-Holocene Cenozoic sequence outcrops in the terrestrial part of the eastern margin of the Mekong Basin. However, the stratigraphy of the sequence is still unclear. Its detailed stratigraphy and chronology were therefore studied along the Dong Nai River, southern Vietnam, and the lithofacies and the relations among the formations were investigated from the outcrops. The ages of the deposits were determined by using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating.The Ba Mieu Formation was deposited about 176±52 ka during marine isotope stage (MIS) 7–6. The Thu Duc Formation was deposited about 97±27 ka during MIS 5. Both the Ba Mieu and Thu Duc formations are composed of fluvial and tidally influenced coastal deposits. The newly proposed Nhon Trach Formation was originally an eolian (blanket) deposit, but it has been partly reworked by fluvial processes. The Nhon Trach Formation was deposited about 10.9±4.7 ka, in the last part of the Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene. The OSL ages for the Ba Mieu, Thu Duc, and Nhon Trach formations are younger than the ages previously assigned to these formations.  相似文献   

GGR Critical Review of Analytical Developments in 2004–2005     

Janet M. Hergt  L. Paul Bédard  Etienne Deloule  Klaus Peter Jochum  Kathryn L. Linge  Paul J. Sylvester  Matthias Willbold  Jon D. Woodhead 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(3):141-142

In 2005 Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research embarked upon a new initiative for its readers. Key researchers in various fields of geoanalytical technique development and their application were identified and invited to provide reviews pertinent to their expertise. As noted in the first of these publications "…instead of revisiting the historical context or decades of development in each analytical technique, the goal here has been to capture a snapshot of "hot topics" across a range of fields as represented in the… literature" (Hergt et al . 2005). Rather than prepare an annual review, a decision was taken earlier this year to provide a biennial summary of progress and accomplishments, in this case for the years 2004–2005. The principal techniques employed in Earth and environmental sciences are covered here, and include laser ablation and multicollector ICP-MS, ICP-AES, thermal ionisation and secondary ion mass spectrometry, as well as neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometry. A comprehensive review of the development of reference materials, often essential to these techniques, is also provided. The contributions assembled serve both to keep readers informed of advances they may be unfamiliar with, but also as a means of showcasing examples of the breadth and depth of work being conducted in these fields.  相似文献   

大别造山带北缘西部中生代晚期火山、沉积地层的时代     

丁莉  杜晓冉  周世全 《华南地质与矿产》2006,(2):48-54

大别造山带北缘西部的一套火山岩及其上的"红层",依据叶肢介、同位素年龄值和较丰富的恐龙蛋和少量介形虫化石,从下而上划分为陈棚组、周家湾组,时代归属早、晚白垩世.陈棚组角度不整合于上侏罗统朱集组或段集组之上,向东与安徽省境内的早白垩世毛坦厂组、白大畈组为相同层位.周家湾组角度不整合于陈棚组之上,含较丰富的恐龙蛋化石,始-古新世李庄群不整合覆于其上.  相似文献   

库车坳陷侏罗系煤成气动力学模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周强  李贤庆  杨园园  田辉  申家贵 《中国煤田地质》2006,18(1):24-27

应用黄金管—高压釜封闭体系热模拟实验与GC、GC-IRMS分析技术,结合KINETICS专用软件,对库车坳陷侏罗系煤成气进行了动力学模拟研究。库车坳陷侏罗系煤具有高的产气性,在高演化阶段主要产甲烷气;侏罗系煤热解气甲烷碳同位素为-36‰～-25‰,乙烷碳同位素为-28‰～-16‰;甲烷、C2-C5气态烃的生成活化能分别为(47～64k)calm/ol、(55～72k)calm/ol,频率因子各为5.265×1013s-1、5.388×1018s-1。在此基础上,进一步探讨了克拉2气田天然气的成因。研究认为,克拉2气田天然气属阶段捕获的煤成气,主要聚集了5～1Ma时期的天然气,其成熟度Ro分布范围为1.3%～2.5%。  相似文献   

自生片钠铝石的碳氧同位素特征及其成因意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

高玉巧  刘立 《高校地质学报》2006,12(4):522-529

自生片钠铝石的碳氧同位素特征可以为片钠铝石的成因研究提供重要的地球化学依据。以海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷和松辽盆地孤店构造片钠铝石碳氧同位素分析为基础，结合国内外已报道的自生片钠铝石的碳氧同位素数据，对自生片钠铝石的碳氧同位素特征及其成因意义进行了探讨。研究表明，海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷和松辽盆地南部孤店CO2气田砂岩中片钠铝石的δ13C范围分别为–5.3‰～–1.5‰（PDB）、–1.9‰～+0.3‰（PDB），均分布于含无机碳物质δ13C分布区间（－9.0‰～＋2.7‰）内。计算出的海拉尔盆地和松辽盆地与片钠铝石平衡的CO2气碳同位素分布范围分别为－10.7～－7.0‰（PDB）、－8.7～－6.9‰（PDB），表明片钠铝石绝大部分形成于无机CO2背景。实际地质观察中形成片钠铝石的CO2绝大多数为岩浆脱气来源，岩浆成因片钠铝石碳同位素分布范围为－5.5～＋4.5‰（PDB）。海拉尔盆地和松辽盆地的片钠铝石是岩浆成因CO2气运移、聚集的特征矿物。计算出的海拉尔盆地和松辽盆地片钠铝石沉淀时介质水的δ18O值范围为-14.3～-9.4‰（SMOW），表现为轻同位素的特点，表明片钠铝石形成时地层水为大气降水。计算出的海拉尔盆地片钠铝石同位素为52.7～93.6℃，与样品所在深度处的古地温范围（65.4～87.6℃）基本吻合。  相似文献   

济阳坳陷CO0_2气藏同位素地球化学特征及成因     

林治家  陈衍景  黄智龙  申宝剑 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2006,(3)

济阳坳陷CO2气藏主要发育在高青-平南深断裂中南段和阳信次级凹陷西北缘及商店火山岩穹隆构造内。气藏中CO2气体浓度为69%~97%,δ13CCO2值为-5.67‰~-3.35‰,CH4/3He值为(1.01~5.65)×108,3He/4He值为(2.80~4.49)×10-6,即R/Ra为2.00~3.21,40Ar/36Ar值为317~1791,CO2/3He值为(0.25~2.61)×109。以上地球化学数据表明,济阳坳陷气藏中CO2主要来源于地幔,且幔源CO2在成藏过程中有损失,或者有壳源CO2的加入,特别是部分碳酸盐岩变质成因CO2的加入。在对CO2气来源定性分析的基础上,还需要在各来源的定量区分和CO2气藏的成藏及其与岩浆活动的时空匹配关系等方面作进一步的研究。  相似文献   

吸水剖面综合解释方法及应用     

ZHANG Jian-min ZHAO Yong-zhong XU Jing HUANG Juan The Logging Company  Jilin Petroleum Group Co.  Ltd  Songyuan  Jilin  China 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z2)

吉林油田同位素吸水剖面测井采用~(113)In同位素追踪技术,根据同位素追踪过程解释基本可以判断配水层段吸水情况。但是在注水井存在沾污、大孔道以及串槽等影响时,吸水面积确定比较困难。在同位素测井中增加井温、流量参数,通过多参数综合解释,不仅可以对沾污影响进行合理校正,确定准确的小层吸水量,而且能够正确判断各级封隔器、配水器的工作情况,在地层存在大孔道的情况下,确定地层的吸水面积。吸水剖面综合解释方法在吉林油田已普遍应用,见到明显的效果。  相似文献   

延边地区中生代火山岩的岩浆源区:来自Sr-Nd同位素和深源捕虏体(晶)的证据   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵全国  许文良  靳克  裴福萍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2005,35(4):416-422

延边地区中侏罗世和早白垩世火山岩中包含有较多的辉石岩捕虏体和角闪石捕虏晶,前者为普通辉石变种,其化学成分类似于中国东部新生代玄武岩中单斜辉石巨晶的成分,具有岩浆堆积成因特征;后者为韭闪石和镁质绿钠闪石变种,其成分类似于中生代晚期玄武岩中角闪二辉石岩包体里的角闪石和新生代玄武岩中的角闪石巨晶.矿物温压计算结果显示,它们形成深度介于25～37km.延边地区中生代火山岩的(87Sr/86Sr)i值介于0.704 3～0.705 0,εNd(t)值介于2.33～4.71,表明岩浆源区应是一套具有亏损性质的新增生的地幔物质.综合上述结果,可以判定延边地区中生代火山岩的原始岩浆应来源于新增生的壳幔过渡带物质的部分熔融,地壳增生事件的时间为新元古代.  相似文献