Effect of Groundwater Fluctuations on Pore Pressures and Earth Pressures on Coastal Excavation Retaining Walls     

Lisha Zhang  Kanghe Xie  Dazhong Huang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(8):770-781

Pore water and earth pressures acting on retaining structures are investigated using an efficient coastal double-layered excavation model to determine offshore excavation responses to groundwater fluctuations outside foundation pits. Total pore water pressure includes excess pore water pressure (due to groundwater fluctuations) and steady pore water pressure (due to steady seepage) determined using one-dimensional consolidation theory of double-layered soil and one-dimensional steady-state flow theory, respectively. Rankine's active and passive earth pressures are obtained from pore water pressure. This method is applicable to arbitrary groundwater fluctuation conditions. How physical parameters affect pore water pressure is numerically investigated using examples, demonstrating the method's practicality for calculating pore water and earth pressures.  相似文献   

贵州省富锶（Sr）地下水赋存与分布规律探讨          下载免费PDF全文

王诗扬  卢天丕 《贵州地质》2018,35(3):225-232

本研究以地层岩石学、环境水文地质学理论为指导,在充分收集前人资料、典型区核查采样检测的基础上,开展了贵州省内富锶(Sr)地下水赋存与分布规律探讨。研究结果表明:富锶(Sr)地下水主要赋存在寒武系、三叠系白云岩以及侏罗系砂岩地层中,受地质构造控制,在平面上从黔西南、黔中、黔北呈条带状集中分布。研究成果揭示了贵州省内富锶(Sr)地下水的赋存条件和空间分布,对在贵州省内开展饮用天然矿泉水资源的勘查评价、规划管理和推动贵州省饮用水产业的发展具有一定的指意义。  相似文献   

基于数值模拟的再生水对地下水质影响实例     

崔瑜  吴泰然  周磊  周瑞静  杨巧凤 《地质通报》2018,37(7):1365-1373

为了探讨在再生水地表回灌条件下,再生水对地下水中氨素和主要盐分浓度变化的影响,选取现实存在的清河再生水湿地公园为例,以氨氮、Cl-离子为主要研究对象,利用Hydrus-1D溶质运移模型和Modflow、MT3DMSD耦合地下水模型,模拟了再生水长期利用后的地下水氨氮和Cl-指标变化情况。研究结果显示,再生水到达包气带底部时,水中氮氨、Cl-离子含量高于研究区潜水地下水中的相应指标含量,氨氮超出地下水质量Ⅲ类标准。预测5~20年后,潜水中氨氮超标面积不断扩展,20年后将达14km2,氨氮超标垂向延伸至第一层弱透水层;Cl-离子在潜水中不超标,但在湿地公园周边浓度有所增加。湿地公园再生水的长期地表回灌将给当地地下水质量带来负面影响。  相似文献   

西藏“一江三河”地区地下水环境背景值初步研究     

耿婷婷  李颖智  张涛  张智印  赵淼 《地质与资源》2018,27(5):480-487

在分析对比国内外研究方法的基础上,选择数理统计方法,通过最广泛的数理统计法的应用原则、数据检验、背景值取值等问题的论述,对西藏"一江三河"地区地下水水质指标TDS,Ca²+,Mg²⁺,Na⁺环境背景值进行研究,并初步探讨了它们的空间分布规律及控制因素.结果表明,地形地貌、区域水动力条件等因素对研究区地下水指标的空间分布起主要控制作用.该结果为评价西藏"一江三河"地区地下水污染状况提供科学的依据.  相似文献   

Landfill site selection based on reliability concepts using the DRASTIC method and AHP integrated with GIS – a case study of Bengaluru city,India     

L. G. Santhosh  G. L. Sivakumar Babu 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):234-252

The selection of landfill sites for municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal involves consideration of geological, hydrological and environmental parameters which exhibit large spatial variability. Therefore, it is necessary to define, to what extent the chosen sites are reliable such that the probability of environmental pollution and health risks to population is minimal. In the present study, groundwater vulnerability to contamination has been assessed using the standard DRASTIC method. The results showed that the study region has 9.45% of very less, 32.94% of less, 25.47% of moderate, 22.79% of high and 9.35% of very high vulnerable zones. The study also revealed that none of the landfills are located in safe zones. This suggests that it requires proper remedial measures to avoid environmental pollution. A landfill site selection process has been carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process integrated with Geographical Information System tools. The obtained results showed that only 3.59?km² (0.08%) of the total area is suitable for landfills. The reliability analysis of the site suitability revealed that landfills are located at unreliable locations where the probability of risk to environmental pollution is high. The presented approach assists decision-makers in selecting reliable locations for the safe disposal of MSW.  相似文献   

Characteristics of karst groundwater system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area          下载免费PDF全文

LI Bo  LI Xue-mei 《地下水科学与工程》2018,6(4):261-269

Guided by the theory of groundwater system, based on the groundwater level data from the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area, the authors took into account factors such as the lithology, geological structure and topography to study the relationship between groundwater recharge, runoff and drainage in this area. It was concluded that the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation is the main source of groundwater supply in this area; the upper layer of the Spring area is distributed with the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician karst water, and the lower layer is filled with the Jixian system karst water. The upper layer of karst water supplies to the lower layer of karst water or the pore water in loose strata through the fault while the lower layer of karst water runs to the three strong runoff belts from the east and west sides of the watershed, southwards into the basin, partially replenishing the pore water in loose strata, or forming fault Springs (e.g. Nanguan Spring, Beihai Spring) when dolomite movement encounters faults. Replenished by atmospheric precipitation and the upper and lower layers of karst waters, the pore water in loose strata joins the groundwater in the southern basin and then flows eastwards, in the end it flows out of the system in Shangfanpu. Through the analyses of groundwater level data and hydrogeological drilling data, based on groundwater D and 18O isotope test results, the karst groundwater circulation system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area is further verified, which provides hydrogeological basis for water resources development and utilization as well as protection in this area.  相似文献   

基于遥感的辽西朝阳地区水文地质信息提取及其应用     

王康  姜琦刚  于德浩  王李  杨清雷  徐兴宇 《世界地质》2018,37(3):958-966

为解决辽西地区干旱缺水问题,通过卫星遥感与地面物探相结合的工作方式,研究了水文地质信息提取方法及其应用技术,并在辽西地区开展了初步应用。结果表明,卫星遥感技术不仅可以从宏观上掌握研究区地下水赋存规律,还可探测到常规方法难以发现的水文地质信息,通过卫星遥感技术可以缩小地面物探工作区的范围,该方法有效提高了地下水探测的工作效率及其准确性。此外,通过对电测深电阻率值的定量分析表明,当探测到的九佛堂组岩组电阻率介于18～22Ω·m之间时,该处富水的可能性极大,该方法可有效降低在九佛堂组中物探找水工作的难度。  相似文献   

Visual MODFLOW在煤矿建设地下水环境影响评价中的应用 ——以甘肃省灵台县安家庄煤矿为例          下载免费PDF全文

张峰  尹政  何剑波  张玲 《甘肃地质》2018,(1):70-78

结合甘肃省灵台县安家庄煤矿地下水环境影响评价实例,建立了评价区水文地质概念模型,并基于Visual MODFLOW对评价区地下水进行了数值模拟计算和验证;预报了设计开采条件下研究区不同含水层的地下水水位。预报结果表明:矿坑排水使得煤层所在含水层出现疏干现象,并且疏干范围随着开采范围的增加而不断扩大;在煤矿开采作用下,随着模拟时间的延续,煤系层上覆白垩系洛河组—宜君组含水层地下水位降落漏斗的范围及地下水位下降幅度不断增大,但降落漏斗的范围基本上不超过采空区范围;煤矿开采对白垩系环河组含水层无影响,至矿区开采期结束,未引起含水层水位下降;对上部孔隙、裂隙潜水含水层也无影响,至矿区开采期结束未引起含水层水位下降。  相似文献   

土壤入渗对阜新市北部浅层地下水总硬度影响的淋滤实验     

陈建平  吕相伟  邱岩  董军 《世界地质》2018,37(4):1295-1300

本次室内土柱淋滤实验通过改变Na~+、H~+、NH_4~+浓度来模拟现实生活中不同浓度的生活污水、酸雨及农业施肥灌溉对浅层地下水总硬度的影响过程。实验结果表明淋滤液浓度越高,所对应的淋出液的总硬度峰值就越高。相同浓度的Na~+、H~+、NH_4~+进行土柱淋滤实验时,NH_4~+所对应的淋出液总硬度的峰值最大,H~+次之,Na~+最小且NH_4~+所对应的整个实验用时最短,在相同浓度单一离子作用下NH_4~+对浅层地下水硬度的影响更加明显。  相似文献   

江西兴国县偏酸性地下水研究现状     

宋绵  龚磊  王新峰  李甫成  马涛 《地球学报》2018,39(5):581-586

兴国县浅层地下水为各城镇和农村的主要饮用水源,浅层地下水中酸性地下水(p H6.5)分布范围占全区面积的1/2,区域地下水酸化现象较为明显,已成为该地区安全用水问题之一。中国地质调查局根据原国土资源部的统一部署,于2017年启动了兴国水文地质调查工作。基于768组地下水现场水质测试和80组相关水化学分析资料,本文研究了兴国县偏酸性地下水的分布特征及其影响因素。结果发现:pH6.5的偏酸性地下水分布普遍,主要分布于花岗岩类裂隙水中,地下水pH值受当地酸雨影响明显,与酸性土壤分布吻合,与含水介质类型密切相关,随地下水位埋深的增加,pH值增大。本研究对正确认识偏酸性地下水分布特征与影响因素,促进城镇农村居民安全用水,为预防地下水酸化污染具有重要意义。  相似文献