江南造山带东段皖浙交界附近晚中生代花岗岩类的年代学、地球化学与层圈相互作用讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛怀民 《岩石学报》2021,37(2):433-461

江南造山带东段晚中生代花岗岩类侵入体可划分为三期:(1)初期阶段形成的侵入岩规模小、分布零星,时代主要介于181 ～ 167Ma之间,峰值约为173Ma;(2)早期阶段形成的侵入体出露广泛,以花岗闪长岩为主,时代主要介于153～137Ma之间,峰值约为141Ma;(3)晚期阶段形成的侵入体分布也较广,岩性主要为碱长花岗...  相似文献   

平流层气溶胶的准两年周期特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

周任君  刘鹏兵  周文  蔡宏珂  陈月娟 《地球物理学报》2011,54(5):1174-1181

本文采用HALOE和SAGE Ⅱ资料,分析了平流层气溶胶的准两年周期变化(简称QBO)特征及其与臭氧QBO的关系,结果表明:(1)北半球中高纬上空平流层气溶胶存在明显的QBO特征,其QBO信号自上向下传播,振荡幅度在平流层中下层可以达到20%;而在赤道和南半球上空的平流层气溶胶的QBO特征相对于北半球则不明显;(2)在...  相似文献   

热带加热异常影响冬季平流层极涡强度的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

饶建  任荣彩  杨扬 《大气科学》2014,38(6):1159-1171

本文利用大气环流模式SAMIL/LASG,通过选择两种对流参数化方案,研究了热带加热异常对热带外平流层模拟的影响。结果表明,因不同对流参数化方案引起的热带对流加热状况的差异,可显著影响模式对北半球冬季平流层极涡强度的模拟偏差。与采用Manabe对流参数化方案相比,采用Tiedtke参数化方案可以显著改善对平流层极涡强度的模拟,使平流层极涡“过强”及极区“过冷”的模拟偏差得到明显改善。研究其中的影响过程发现,由于Manabe方案最大凝结潜热加热高度过低,在对流层中低层;而Tiedtke方案的最大凝结潜热加热位置在对流层中上层,因而Tiedtke(Manabe)方案时热带大气温度在对流层中上层较为偏暖(偏冷),在平流层低层较为偏冷(偏暖)。自秋季开始,与热带对流层高层温度的暖偏差相联系,热带外对流层高层以及热带平流层低层出现伴随的温度冷偏差;与之对应,平流层中纬度从秋季开始也出现持续的温度暖偏差。另外,随着秋冬季节平流层行星波活动的出现,Tiedtke方案时热带外地区行星波1波的强度也明显强于Manabe方案,使得秋冬季节涡动引起的向极热通量在Tiedtke方案时明显偏强,从而造成了冬季平流层极区温度偏暖、极涡强度偏弱。  相似文献   

平流层强、弱极涡事件的演变过程及其对我国冬季天气的影响     

魏麟骁  陈权亮  程炳岩  刘晓冉 《大气科学》2014,38(3):551-562

本文利用1979～2010年的NCEP再分析资料,通过北半球环状模NAM指数挑选出的强、弱极涡个例,分析了北半球平流层异常变化过程中行星波的演变以及与之相联系的我国天气的变化特征。结果表明,在强极涡事件前,行星波1波会被反射回对流层,极地波导减弱,低纬波导增强,中高纬地区的E-P通量矢量有着从平流层传播到对流层的趋势;强极涡事件后,极地波导增强,低纬波导减弱。在弱极涡事件前,中、高纬度行星波1波沿着极地波导的传播明显增强;弱极涡事件后,极地波导明显减弱。与此对应的我国天气也有明显变化,在强极涡事件前,我国大部分地区温度偏低,南方地区偏湿而新疆西北部和云南西部地区偏干;在强极涡事件后,东亚冬季风进一步增强,冷空气加强南下,南方地区可降水量减少,新疆西北部仍然偏干,而云南大部分地区可将水量增加。在弱极涡事件前,东亚冬季风显著增强,使我国气温偏冷,降水减少,而弱极涡事件后,我国气温明显回升,中、东部地区和新疆西北部地区降水明显增加。  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of measurements of stratospheric aerosol by lidar and aerosol sonde above Ny-Ålesund in the winter of 1995 [Comparative analysis of lidar and OPC observations]     

Koichi Shiraishi  Masahiko Hayashi  Motowo Fujiwara  Takashi Shibata  Masaharu Watanabe  Yasunobu Iwasaka  Roland Neuber  Takashi Yamanouchi 《Polar Science》2011,5(4):399-410

Solid polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) layers observed by lidar and a balloon-borne optical particle counter (OPC) on 17 December 1995 are reexamined in a comparative analysis framework. The typical radius of solid particles in the observed PSC is determined through the comparative analysis to have been approximately 2.3 μm. A backward trajectory analysis for the air mass in which the solid particles were observed shows that the air mass had experienced temperatures 2–3 K below the frost point of nitric acid tri-hydrate (NAT) during the 4 days preceding the observations. The back-trajectory analysis traces the air mass back to northern Greenland and Ellesmere Island on 16 December, one day before the observations. A microphysical box model is used to investigate possible mechanisms of formation for the observed solid particles. The results of this model suggest that the solid particles formed under mesoscale temperature fluctuations associated with mountain lee wave activity induced by the relatively high terrestrial elevations of northern Greenland and Ellesmere Island.  相似文献   

平流层爆发性增温及其影响研究进展   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

杨光  李崇银  李琳 《气象科学》2012,32(6):694-708

平流层爆发性增温(stratospheric sudden warming,SSW)是冬季平流层大气环流结构的一种突变现象,在短时间内平流层中高纬度的温度、风和极涡都会发生剧烈变化。因此,SSW也就成为平流层大气环流及其变化研究的重要方面之一。在强SSW期间,高纬地区温度急剧升高,西风被东风取代,极涡几乎全部崩溃。SSW极大地影响着北半球对流层大气,甚至整个中高层大气,包括对平流层乃至中层大气微量气体分布的重要影响。随着临近空间飞行平台的研究应用,以及由此而提出的临近空间环境条件的保障问题,作为临近空间重要组成部分的平流层环流变化将更加引起人们的关注。本文就SSW的特征、发生机制、对上下层相互作用的重要影响,以及SSW与准两年振荡、ENSO等的密切关系和SSW的数值模拟等方面的研究工作,进行了回顾和总结。  相似文献   

Further evidences of deep convective vertical transport of water vapor through the tropopause   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Pao K. Wang  Martin Setvk  Walter Lyons  Willi Schmid  Hsin-Mu Lin 《Atmospheric Research》2009,94(3):400-408

A few years ago, we identified a deep convective transport mechanism, of water vapor through the tropopause, namely, storm top gravity wave breaking, such that tropospheric water substance can be injected into the lower stratosphere via this pathway. The main evidence presented previously was taken from the lower resolution AVHRR images of the storm anvil top cirrus plumes obtained by polar orbiting satellites. Recent observations have provided further supporting evidence for this important cross-tropopause transport mechanism. There are now many higher resolution satellite images, mainly from MODIS instrument, that show more definitely the existence of these plumes, many of which would probably be unseen by lower resolution images.Furthermore, a thunderstorm movie taken in Denver (USA) area during STEPS2000 field campaign and another thunderstorm movie taken by a building top webcam in Zurich also demonstrate that the jumping cirrus phenomenon, first identified by T. Fujita in 1980s, may be quite common in active thunderstorm cells, quite contrary to previous belief that it is rare. We have used a cloud model to demonstrate that the jumping cirrus is exactly the gravity wave breaking phenomenon that transports water vapor through the tropopause.These additional evidences provide increasing support that deep convection contributes substantially to the troposphere-to-stratosphere transport of water substance. This corroborates well with recent studies of the stratospheric HDO/H₂O ratio which is much highly than it would be if the transport is via slow ascent. The only explanation that can be used to interpret this observation at present is that water substance is transported through the tropopause via rapid vertical motion, i.e., deep convection.  相似文献   

近50 a平流层强爆发性增温事件及其变化规律分析     

盛日锋  王盘兴  闵凡花 《南京气象学院学报》2005,28(2):241-247

按WMO提供的标准，提出了划分强爆发性增温(Sudden Stratospheric Warming，简称SSW)事件的指标，用NCEP／NCAR 30 hPa层逐日温度、高度资料，确定了1950-2002年1-3月期间的35次强SSW事件。在此基础上，给出了强SSW事件发生的气候及异常特征，并从北半球中高纬臭氧及日照年际变化及其年际异常出发，给出了这些特征的部分成因。  相似文献   

Radical variability determined from LIMS and SAMS satellite data     

J. A. Pyle  A. M. Zavody 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1988,6(3):201-220

Using satellite data, the variability of a large number of stratospheric trace constituents can be estimated. These constituents need not themselves be measured by the satellite; their concentrations can be derived using photochemical steady-state relationships. The global coverage provided by the satellite over a long time period means that, for example, monthly zonal mean profiles can be derived. This has been done for H, OH, HO₂, H₂O₂, Cl, ClO, HCl, HOCl, ClONO₂, NO and O. The standard deviation of these quantities is a measure of their variability. We argue that comparing theoretical variability estimates with measurements is a better test of a photochemical theory than simply the comparison of single modelled and observed profiles.  相似文献   

Stratospheric and total NO2 column measurements with a modified Canterbury filter photometer     

G. T. Amanatidis  A. F. Bais  A. G. Kelessis  C S. Zerefos  I. C. Ziomas 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1989,9(4):435-446

A programme of ground-based stratospheric and total NO₂ column measurements was instituted at the Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics (40.5° N, 22.9° E) in August 1985. We present here the results of the first two years of measurements with a modified Canterbury filter photometer, details of which are given in the text. The stratospheric NO₂ column, obtained at twilight during low local NO₂ levels, shows the seasonal variation with monthly mean values of about 6×10^-15 molec. cm^-2 in the summertime to about 2.2×10^-15 molec. cm^-2 in the wintertime. These measurements compare well with measurements obtained with different instruments by other groups at similar latitudes (about 40° N) but in different places. Also, the asymmetry of the evening-to-morning stratospheric NO₂ over Thessaloniki was found to be on the average equal to 1.58. Total NO₂ column over Thessaloniki has a pronounced seasonal variation with amplitude of 0.68 matm. cm which can be explained partly from measured local NO₂ sources which discharge in the mixing layer and partly from photolysis of the NO₂ reservoir species.  相似文献