Re-folded structure of syn-orogenic granitoids(Padrón dome,NW Iberia):Assessing rheological evolution of cooling continental crust in a collisional setting     

Rubén Díez Fernández  Francisco J.Rubio Pascual  Luis Miguel Martín Parra 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):651-669

This contribution discusses about the rheological, kinematic and dynamic frameworks necessary to produce recumbent and upright folds from syn-orogenic granitic massifs that were formed during an early stage of magma genesis related to the onset of a migmatitic dome. Syn-kinematic granitoids occurring within the high-grade infrastructure of the Padron migmatitic dome(NW Iberia) are deformed into largescale recumbent folds(D_2) that are later affected by upright folds(D_3). Petrostructural analysis of a selected area of this dome reveals that after a period of crustal thickening(D_1), NNW-directed extensional flow gave way to recumbent folds and penetrative axial plane foliation(S_2). Superimposed subhorizontal compression resulted in upright folds(D_3). A closer view into the dynamics of the dome allows exploring the factors that may condition the nucleation of folds with contrasting geometries during progressive deformation of molten continental crust. The formation of folds affecting syn-kinematic granitoids suggests a cooling metamorphic path in migmatitic domes. Active and passive folding mechanisms require a crystallizing(cooling) magma to nucleate folds. A more competent metamorphic host inhibits fold nucleation from much less competent magmas. As it crystallizes, magma becomes more rigid(competent),and approaches viscosity values of its host. Passive folding is favored when no significant competence contrast exists between magma and host, so this folding mechanism is more likely shortly after magma genesis and emplacement. In such conditions, and under dominant subhorizontal flow accompanied by flattening(D_2),passive folding would produce isoclinal recumbent geometries. Further magma cooling introduces a shift into the rheological behavior of partially molten crust. Thereon, crystallizing magma bodies would represent significant competence contrasts relative to their host. At this point, buckling is a more likely folding mechanism, and more regular, buckle folds re-fold previous structures after significant cooling. The geometry of resulting folds is upright due to dominant subhorizontal compression(D_3) at this stage.  相似文献   

褶皱逆冲带临界角模型的研究进展     

张进  马宗晋 《地质科技情报》2004,23(4):44-50

回顾了逆冲楔临界角模型的发展,总结了影响逆冲楔临界角变化的诸多因素。这些因素并不是彼此独立地影响逆冲楔的运动和变形,而往往是几种机制联合起作用,在不同的逆冲带中起作用的因素也不同。该模型的应用主要集中在解释现今仍处在活动中的增生楔和前陆地区的变形。但由于该模型存在明显的缺点,因此很少将该模型应用于古老逆冲构造带的前陆地区和逆冲构造带后陆方向上的变形解释上。中国是一个逆冲推覆构造极为发育的国家,因此应该选择几个典型地区进行详细的解剖和论证,一方面可以进一步正确认识这些地区的变形特征、规律、甚至地震活动性,另一方面也可以进一步验证临界角模型的适用性。  相似文献   

大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带构造演化   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

索书田  钟增球  周汉文  游振东 《地学前缘》2004,11(3):71-82

大别—苏鲁是世界上超高压 (UHP) ( >2 .7GPa)和高压 (HP)变质岩石出露最为广泛的地区。通过区域研究 ,尤其是在选择的 30多个关键位置上不同尺度构造记录的深入观察 ,结合已有的可利用的变质、热事件及同位素年代学资料分析 ,揭示出它们曾遭受过一个复杂的从深俯冲到折返构造演化历程 ,识别出 5个主要的构造变质事件 :( 1)由块状榴辉岩中发育的微弱面理和线理所代表的第 1期变形变质事件 (D1) ;( 2 )面状榴辉岩中发育的含拉伸线理的透入性主面理、中小型鞘状褶皱及网络状韧性剪切带 ,代表第 2期构造变质事件 (D2 ) ;( 3)第 3期变形事件主体发生于麻粒岩 /角闪岩相后成合晶形成之后 ,主要构造记录是区域性陡倾斜面理及不均一置换的成分层、榴辉岩透镜体及布丁群、面理内褶皱、网状韧性剪切带系统以及减压部分熔融作用形成的混合岩和含榴花岗质岩石组构 ;( 4)区域性的碰撞期后地壳韧性薄化及剪张作用 (D4)形成缓倾斜角闪岩相主面理及线理、穹状及弧形构造和多层韧性拆离带 ,它们主导了现今观察到的大别—苏鲁超高压和高压变质带的区域构造几何图像 ;( 5 )第 5期构造热事件 (D5)表现为不均一断块抬升、红色沉积盆地发育及大规模的岩体和岩脉就位 ,代表造山晚期的构造揭顶及坍陷作用 ,该期构造控制着造山带  相似文献   

东南亚北加里曼丹新生代碰撞造山带演化与成矿   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

丁清峰  孙丰月  李碧乐 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,34(2):193-200

在确定出北加里曼丹大地构造单元的基础上,结合分析其内新生代岩浆岩性质及其大地构造环境,认为新生代北加里曼丹是卢卡尼亚(Luconia)陆块和巽他陆块碰撞的造山带,并提出"北加里曼丹新生代碰撞造山带"的概念.该造山带经历了边缘造山带-内部造山带-边缘造山带相继转化的过程,它控制了加里曼丹的区域成矿作用,特别是晚渐新世-中中新世北加里曼丹内部造山带的逆冲叠瓦阶段是加里曼丹区域成矿的最重要时期.  相似文献   

华北克拉通东部及苏鲁造山带的地壳生长: 来自现代河流碎屑锆石的U-Pb定年和Hf同位素证据   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

耿显雷  高山  陈晨 《地球科学》2011,36(3):483-499

来自年轻沉积物或现代河流的碎屑锆石是研究大陆地壳生长演化的理想载体.为揭示华北克拉通东部和苏鲁造山带大陆地壳的生长演化, 采集了中国东部大清河、潮白河、辽河、大沽河和胶莱河的5个地方的河沙样品, 并对分选出来的碎屑锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS和MC-LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和Hf同位素微区原位分析, 获得了396个锆石U-Pb谐和年龄及其对应的Hf同位素组成.2.4~2.5 Ga和1.8~1.9 Ga两个年龄特征峰指示大清河、潮白河和辽河的碎屑锆石来源于华北克拉通东部.辽河一部分100~500 Ma的锆石具有正的ε_Hf(t)值和年轻的Hf模式年龄, 显示出显生宙的地壳生长.苏鲁造山带大沽河和胶莱河的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布相对比较复杂, 但锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征表明其为华北克拉通和扬子克拉通的混合来源.来自大清河、潮白河和辽河的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素证据, 表明华北克拉通东部地壳生长的主要时期为2.4~3.0 Ga, 并在2.6~2.7 Ga时处于生长的最高峰, 次一级的生长期为1.3~2.3 Ga, 而在其他阶段几乎没有地壳的生长或者不明显.华北克拉通东部现存大陆地壳的80%来源于太古代和古元古代的生长, 而自古元古代开始大陆地壳的演化就以古老地壳的重熔再改造为主.此外, 大沽河碎屑锆石的Hf同位素组成揭示出苏鲁造山带在古生代(300~500 Ma)存在明显的地壳生长.   相似文献   

华北克拉通破坏动力学过程研究中的几个构造问题          下载免费PDF全文

张长厚 《地学前缘》2009,16(4):203-214

华北克拉通破坏问题,是通过对古生代时期和新生代以来华北东部岩石圈厚度、热状态、岩石圈地幔组成与时代等特征的比较研究中,逐渐认识到的一个重大的大陆构造动力学问题。岩石圈厚度的巨大变薄是克拉通破坏的重要标志之一,已有的构造动力学模型从不同角度着重讨论了克拉通岩石圈是如何减薄的问题,但由于岩石圈减薄远不是克拉通破坏的全部,因此,即使已有动力学模型可以对减薄过程给出比较合理的解释,也还难以成为克拉通破坏的综合动力学模型。文中针对目前流行的华北克拉通岩石圈减薄动力学模型存在的问题,提出了在构建克拉通破坏综合动力学模型时需要关注的一些主要构造问题:(1)从构造变形、沉积作用、火山活动及其事件序列特征角度,甄别和评价主动裂谷作用和被动裂谷作用在克拉通破坏过程中所发挥的作用;热 化学侵蚀岩石圈减薄模型可能需要与上述裂谷作用模型相结合,才可能成为克拉通岩石圈破坏的候选模型。(2)从拆沉相关岩浆侵入和火山活动时空演变规律、地壳表层快速隆起及相关沉积作用和构造变形、地壳热状态异常、拆沉引起的热弱化地壳对区域应力场的响应、拆沉导致的局部应力场模拟等方面展开研究,检验、充实或修正岩石圈拆沉模型。(3)从区域构造变形和相关沉积作用、火山活动相结合的综合研究角度,探索华北克拉通的破坏是在古老克拉通基础上的直接破坏,还是在古老克拉通基础上经历了造山作用过程之后的造山带伸展垮塌,这是涉及华北克拉通破坏动力学模型建立的根本问题之一。  相似文献   

秦岭造山带大巴山弧形构造带中生代构造变形   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

胡健民施炜  渠洪杰陈虹  武国利田蜜 《地学前缘》2009,16(3):49-68

大巴山构造带位于秦岭造山带南部,一直被认为是华北、扬子板块碰撞带前陆逆冲 推覆构造带。研究表明,位于城口-房县断裂之南的大巴山弧形构造带,经历了两次明显的叠加变形过程。大巴山弧形构造带由轴向弧形延伸的线状褶皱与弧形弯曲的逆冲断层组成(D2),是南大巴山主期变形产物。弧形构造带西段褶皱轴向为北北西-近南北向,叠加在先前轴向近东西向的开阔宽缓的褶皱(D1)之上,形成典型横跨叠加构造。弧形构造带中段和东段,褶皱轴向逐渐转变为近东西向。构造填图显示,在弧形带形成之前,发生过一期轴向北东到北北东向褶皱为主的变形(D1)。据变形序列、卷入的地层以及区域构造关系判断,西段与中、东段D1变形时代均为晚三叠世-早侏罗世,很可能与华北、扬子的碰撞相关。而相关的地质、同位素年代学及磷灰石裂变径迹资料显示,大巴山弧形构造带主期变形(D2)的变形时代为晚侏罗世-早白垩世(160~110 Ma),所以大巴山弧形构造带记录了两期不同系统构造变形的叠加,这对研究秦岭造山带的演化,具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Provenance and Tectonic Setting of the Metasedimentary Rocks of the Neoproterozoic Adola Belt of Southern Ethiopia     

Bisrat Yibas   《Gondwana Research》1999,2(3):377

The Metasedimentary rocks from the Adola metamorphic belt has been analysed for major, minor, and trace elements, including REEs, in order to investigate the provenance and tectonic setting of these rocks.On the basis of filed work, petrographic data and major element geochemistry the Adola sedimentary rocks are essentially greywackes with subordinate lithic arenite. Among the 27 samples analysed, only two samples are quartz arenite with SiO₂ values above 89%. CaO-Na₂O-K₂O diagrams showed that most sample cluster around the average plots of granites and granodiorites. In order to determine the tectonic setting and provenance of the rocks, the samples are plotted on various binary and ternary diagrams. The plots on Fe₂O₃T+MgO versus TiO₂, K₂O/Na₂O, Al₂O₃/SiO₂ and Al₂O₃/(CaO+Na₂O) plots show that the Adola sediments have Oceanic Island Arc(OIC), Continental Island Arc(CIA), Active Continental Margin(ACM) and Passive Margin(PM) characteristics. Most samples, however, show island arc affinity. Only two samples (the quartz arenites) fall in the Passive Margin (PM) field.The trace element characteristics of these rocks discriminate the rocks only into oceanic and continental arc fields. The relatively high abundance of the transition metals, mainly Co, Ni, Cr and the low concentration of TiO₂ correlates well with the previously determined geochemical affinity of the basic rocks of Adola suggesting the dominance of the low- Ti oceanic tholeiites and even boninites in the source region.The REE patterns show three distinct groupings; a)With strong LREE enrichment, flat HREE and with out Eu anomaly, shows similar patterns with that of the oceanic island arc rocks; b) samples with strong Light REE enrichment, flat HREE pattern and strong negative Eu anomaly showing similar patterns to the Andean type andesites, probably derived from granitic gneisses and are affiliated to Active Continental Margin settings; c) this group is represented by a single plot having an enriched LREE pattern, flat HREE pattern and strong positive Eu anomaly. It is most likely that this pattern is related to a high normative plagioclase content due to local accumulation of feldspar during sedimentation rather than representing excessive Eu content of the precursor rock. The REE pattern represented by this sample is roughly similar to that of the Devonian greywackes of Australia.In conclusion, the use of geochemical characteristics of the sediments coupled with the geological information from the area strengthens the suprasubduction zone (SSZ) ophiolitic tectonic setting interpretation suggested (Yibas 1993) for the Adola belt. The trace element plots and their absolute abundance, and the REE patterns strongly constrain the tectonic setting and the provenance of the metasediments to an arc related setting.  相似文献   

秦岭造山带二台子铜金矿床矿物地球化学研究   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

方维萱  黄转莹  王瑞庭  杨宏林 《矿物学报》2000,20(3):264-272

通过矿物地示化学研究,认为陕西二台子铜金矿床属钠长石碳酸角砾岩型矿床,是大陆热点成矿系统中幔源碱性热流体成岩成矿作用多期叠架所形成。砷黝铜矿富Ｆｅ、Ａｓ,低Ｓｂ、Ａｇ;黄铁矿中富Ａｓ、Ｓｅ,白云石（内核）有显著的锰铁白云石（外部环带）增生环带;长石类矿物出现富Ｍｇ铁长石;这些特征是陕西二台子铜金矿床属钠长石碳酸角砾岩型矿床的典型矿物地球化学特征。矿物地球化学组合类型指标可判断不同矿化类型及分散矿化  相似文献   

Evolution of the Pan-African Wadi Haimur metamorphic sole, Eastern Desert, Egypt   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H. Abd El-Naby  W. Frisch  & E. Hegner 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2000,18(6):639-651

By comparison with the general features of metamorphic soles (e.g. vertical and lateral extension, metamorphic grade and diagnostic mineral parageneses, deformation and dominant rock types), it is inferred that the amphibolites, metagabbros and hornblendites of the Wadi Um Ghalaga–Wadi Haimur area in the southern part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt represent the metamorphic sole of the Wadi Haimur ophiolite belt. The overlying ultramafic rocks represent overthrusted mantle peridotite. Mineral compositions and thermobarometric studies indicate that the rocks of the metamorphic sole record metamorphic conditions typical of such an environment. The highest P – T conditions ( c . 700 °C and 6.5–8.5 kbar) are preserved in clinopyroxene amphibolites and garnet amphibolites from the top of the metamorphic sole, which is exposed in the southern part of the study area. The massive amphibolites and metagabbros further north (Wadi Haimur) represent the basal parts of the sole and show the lowest P – T  conditions (450–620 °C and 4.7–7.8 kbar). The sole is the product of dynamothermal metamorphism associated with the tectonic displacement of ultramafic rocks. Heat was derived mainly from the hot overlying mantle peridotites, and an inverted P – T  gradient was caused by dynamic shearing during ophiolite emplacement. Sm/Nd dating of whole-rock–metamorphic mineral pairs yields similar ages of c . 630 Ma for clinopyroxene and hornblende, which is interpreted as a lower age limit for ophiolite formation and an upper age limit for metamorphism. A younger Sm/Nd age for a garnet-bearing rock ( c . 590 Ma) is interpreted as reflecting a meaningful cooling age close to the metamorphic peak. Hornblende K/Ar ages in the range 570–550 Ma may reflect thermal events during late orogenic granite magmatism.  相似文献