春季季风间期巽他陆架和马六甲海峡表层海水浮游植物群落结构研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王磊  冷晓云  孙庆杨  王东晓  张翠霞  孙军 《海洋学报》2015,37(2):120-129

于2013年3-5月通过走航取样分别对巽他陆架和马六甲海峡表层海水浮游植物叶绿素a生物量和群落结构进行了观测和研究。结果表明:巽他陆架生物量较低,叶绿素a浓度平均值为(0.083±0.043)μg/L,爪哇海的SS4站位生物量最低,仅为0.014μg/L,浮游植物粒级组成上主要以Pico-级为优势,占80%以上;马六甲海峡自西北至东南存在明显的盐度梯度,在盐度最低的SM5站,叶绿素a生物量最高,达到1.080μg/L;马六甲海峡站位叶绿素a浓度平均值为(0.433±0.315)μg/L,同时浮游植物群落结构变动较大。在海峡西北的SM1-SM4站与巽他海峡类似,主要以聚球藻为优势类群,Pico-级浮游植物占60%~80%;在生物量最高的SM5站,同样以聚球藻为优势类群,而在海峡东南段的SM6和SM7站,虽然叶绿素a浓度相对于SM5略有降低,但仍明显高于其他马六甲海峡站位和巽他陆架站位,此两个站位硅藻比例明显升高,均可达20%以上。从优势类群生物量与环境因子和营养浓度的相关性可以看出,研究海区叶绿素a生物量与水体盐度呈现显著负相关(p0.050),说明陆源输入对研究海区生物量具有明显的影响。另外,硅藻生物量也与磷酸盐浓度(p0.050)和硅酸盐(p0.010)浓度均呈现显著正相关;聚球藻在浮游植物群落中的优势度会受到陆源营养盐输入的影响而降低,但仍然是整个研究区域最优势的浮游植物类群。  相似文献   

Shallow submarine volcano group in the early stage of island arc development: Geology and petrology of small islands south off Hahajima main island,the Ogasawara Islands     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Small Islands south off Hahajima, the southernmost of the Ogasawara Archipelago, consist of primitive basalts (<12 wt.% MgO) to dacite erupted during the transitional stage immediately following boninite volcanism on the incipient arc to sustained typical oceanic arc. Strombolian to Hawaiian fissure eruptions occurring on independent volcanic centers for the individual islands under a shallow sea produced magnesian basalt to dacite fall-out tephras, hyaloclastite and a small volume of pillow lava, which were intruded by NE-trending dikes. These volcanic strata are correlated to the upper part (<40 Ma) of the Hahajima main island. Volcanic rock samples have slightly lower FeO^*/MgO ratios than the present volcanic front lavas, and are divided into three types with high, medium and low La/Yb ratios. Basalt to dacite of high- and medium-La/Yb types show both tholeiitic (TH) and calc-alkaline (CA) differentiation trends. Low-La/Yb type belongs only to TH basalt. The multiple magma types are coexistence on the each island. TH basalts have phenocrysts of olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase, while CA basalts are free from plagioclase phenocrysts.  相似文献   

Geochemical fingerprint of the primary magma composition in the marine tephras originated from the Baegdusan and Ulleung volcanoes     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

The intraplate Baegdusan (Changbai) and Ulleung volcanoes located on the border of China, North Korea, and East/Japan Sea, respectively, have been explained by appeals to both hotspots and asthenospheric mantle upwelling (wet plume) caused by the stagnant Pacific plate. To understand the origin of the Baegdusan and Ulleung volcanism, we performed geochemical analyses on the tephra deposits in the East/Japan Sea basins originating from the Baegdusan and Ulleung volcanoes. The volcanic glass in the tephra from the Baegdusan and Ulleung volcanoes ranged from alkaline trachyte to peralkaline rhyolite and from phonolite to trachyte, respectively. The tephra from the two intraplate volcanoes showed highly enriched incompatible elements, such as Tb, Nb, Hf, and Ta, distinct from those of the ordinary arc volcanoes of the Japanese islands. The straddle distribution of the Th/Yb and Ta/Yb ratios of the tephra deposits from the Baegdusan volcano may originate from the alkali basaltic magma resulting from mixing between the wet plume from the stagnant Pacific plate in the transition zone and the overlying shallow asthenospheric mantle. In contrast, the deposits from the Ulleung volcano show a minor contribution of the stagnant slab to the basaltic magma, implying either partial melting of a more enriched mantle, smaller degrees of partial melting of a garnet-bearing mantle source, or a combination of both processes as the magma genesis. Our study indicated that the Baegdusan and Ulleung volcanoes have different magma sources and evolutionary histories.  相似文献   

川西义敦岛弧中生代典型花岗岩体矿物学、地球化学特征及岩浆来源探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王楠  吴才来  秦海鹏 《地质论评》2017,63(4):981-1000

义敦岛弧是位于松潘—甘孜褶皱带和羌塘地体之间的三叠纪火山岛弧。稻城岩体和海子山岩体分别为义敦岛弧上出露的晚三叠世和白垩纪花岗质岩体。结合岩石地球化学,以及偏光显微镜和电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)对上述岩体进行了系统的矿物学研究,结果表明:两个岩体的主要造岩矿物为斜长石(中长石—更长石),钾长石(正长石)、石英和黑云母(铁叶云母—铁质黑云母),副矿物为锆石、榍石、磁铁矿和磷灰石等;黑云母的成分表明两个岩体的源区均为壳幔混源。稻城岩体属高钾钙碱性系列,具过铝质特征的花岗岩,海子山岩体为高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列,同样具过铝质特征。根据锆元素饱和浓度温度计和稀土元素饱和浓度温度计对两个岩体进行了温度限定,稻城岩体岩浆形成的平均上限温度为783℃,海子山岩体岩浆形成时的平均上限温度为844℃。结合前人研究结果,笔者等认为稻城岩体为高分异I型花岗岩,可能为与扬子克拉通有关的晚古元古代至早中元古代的下地壳物质,在甘孜—理塘洋向西俯冲和闭合之后的弧—陆同碰撞背景下,因幔源岩浆的底侵作用而发生部分熔融,同时伴有少量的亏损地幔成分加入,因密度上升至中上—上地壳深度侵位,并且侵位后经历了快速的冷却过程,在侏罗纪之初冷却至300℃以下;海子山岩体为与俯冲有关的造山后伸展环境下形成的白垩纪A2型花岗岩,岩浆来源同样为地壳物质伴有少量地幔物质混合而成,且在地壳中侵位深度较浅,之后经历快速的冷却过程。  相似文献   

义敦岛弧措交玛岩体岩浆混合成因:镁铁质微粒包体的证据   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王鹏  董国臣  董美玲  李永平  徐一鸣  潘彦宁  陈薇  吴宗昌 《岩石学报》2017,33(8):2535-2547

义敦岛弧北部的措交玛岩基岩体主要由黑云母二长花岗岩和边部的花岗闪长岩组成。在黑云母二长花岗岩中存在有少量镁铁质微粒包体,其成分为闪长质,与寄主岩石接触关系从渐变到截然。在包体周围的寄主岩石中存在黑云母、角闪石自身的包含结构,角闪石包含黑云母,斜长石发育明显的溶蚀结构,核部斜长石被溶蚀成筛状,边部环带状斜长石溶蚀不明显,是基性岩浆注入到酸性岩浆中导致岩浆混合的结果。黑云母二长花岗岩具有更高的轻重稀土分异系数,闪长质包体轻重稀土分异系数较低,黑云母二长花岗岩和暗色闪长质微粒包体具有明显相似性的微量元素特征。寄主岩黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为236±1.9Ma,闪长质包体为235±3.9Ma,二者形成年代在误差范围内基本一致,可能为甘孜-理塘洋向西俯冲过程中,俯冲洋壳部分熔融形成的玄武质岩浆上涌底侵于壳-幔边界导致地壳的部分熔融形成酸性的黑云母二长花岗岩岩基。  相似文献   

新疆南天山泥盆纪钙碱性侵入岩的形成时代、地球化学特征及构造意义     

贾晓亮  翟明国  郭瑞清  尼加提&#;阿布都逊  秦切 《岩石学报》2017,33(10):3057-3075

南天山位于中亚造山带南部,塔里木盆地北缘。长期以来,有关其在古生代时期的演化规律、南天山古洋盆的俯冲方式、俯冲作用规模、持续时间及闭合时限等科学问题研究都是地学界的热点。本研究报道了出露于南天山造山带南缘(塔里木克拉通北缘)的咔拉吾勒及欧西达坂古生代钙碱性侵入岩的锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素及地球化学数据,其中咔拉吾勒细粒闪长岩、欧西达坂花岗闪长岩及钾长花岗岩的年龄分别为413.2±5.5Ma、407.3±5.1Ma及409.3±5.2Ma,都形成于早泥盆世。结合前人对研究区欧西达坂石英闪长岩的年代学(418.4±2.2Ma)及地球化学数据,确定了泥盆纪时期南天山南缘发育一套钙碱性的闪长岩-石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-花岗岩的岩石组合,各岩体表现出相近的时空分布及地球化学特征,判断各岩石应为同源岩浆结晶分异的产物。欧西达坂花岗闪长岩的锆石Lu-Hf同位素数据显示出较大范围的176Hf/177Hf比值(0.282185~0.282901)、εHf(t)值(-12.0~12.9)及t DM2模式年龄(573~2149Ma),体现出新老地壳物质混染的特征,指示其母岩浆为混合岩浆。结合各岩石富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)(如:Rb、Ba、Th、Sr),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)(如:Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)及低Nb/Ta比值等特征,本研究推断该岩石组合为弧岩浆岩系列,其母岩浆可能产生于俯冲消减构造环境下新生玄武质岩浆与老陆壳重熔酸性岩浆的混合,并经历了一定的结晶分异而成岩。进一步的综合分析表明,南天山南缘古生代中期一系列岩浆活动的时代至少从晚奥陶世一直持续到晚石炭世-早二叠世,而南天山古洋盆至少于奥陶纪期间向北(伊犁-中天山地块)发生单向俯冲。晚奥陶世-泥盆纪期间,其东、西两段的俯冲极性或有所不同,西段或为持续的北向俯冲,东部地区为向南北双向俯冲,塔里木北缘在该侧转变为活动大陆边缘。本研究旨在为南天山造山带古生代期间的构造演化提供一定的约束条件。  相似文献   

Exposed Sunda Shelf During the Glacial Times: An Important Component of the Terrestrial Carbon Reservoir?     

Guodong Jia 《地球科学进展》2017,32(11):1157-1162

The glacial-interglacial carbon cycle is a complex scientific issue of the earth system. Although many progresses have been made, it is still far from being solved. Among others, an important limiting factor is the great uncertainty in the carbon stock in the terrestrial carbon reservoir. The present Sunda Islands are one of the three tropical forest areas with most abundant terrestrial carbon biomass and contribute greatly to the global terrestrial carbon reservoir. During the glacial low stands, the adjacent Sunda Shelf was exposed and led to a doubled land area. The scenario of terrestrial vegetation, which is not well understood, on the exposed land is probably a key factor to the global carbon cycle. Thus, a comprehensive paleoclimate and paleoecology study for the area is appealed, which may provide key data to quantitative analysis and modelling of the global glacial-interglacial carbon cycles.  相似文献   

Anatomy of the transpressional Dom Feliciano Belt and its pre-collisional isotopic (Sr–Nd) signatures: A contribution towards an integrated model for the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogenic cycle     

《Gondwana Research》2024

The Dom Feliciano Belt evolution is reviewed based on cross-sections, space–time diagrams, P-T paths, and Sr–Nd isotopic data of pre-collisional metaigneous rocks. The belt is divided into northern, central and southern sectors, subdivided into tectonic domains, developed at Neoproterozoic pre-, syn- and post-collisional stages. The northern sector foreland pre-collisional setting represents a rift, with tholeiitic (meta)volcanic rocks (∼800 Ma) chronocorrelated to hinterland intermediate and acidic orthogneisses of high-K calc-alkaline arc signature. In contrast, the central sector records a complete section from the forearc towards the back-arc region during pre-collisional times. In the western domain, ophiolites (∼920 Ma) are associated with arc-related orthogneisses and metavolcanic rocks (880–830 Ma; 760–730 Ma). At back-arc position, continental arc-related magmatism (800–780 Ma) is registered by hinterland orthogneisses and central foreland metavolcanic rocks. Ophiolites on the hinterland opposite side comprise two compositional groups, with N-MORB and supra subduction signature, interpreted as a back-arc basin record (∼750 Ma). The pre-Neoproterozoic basement of the whole belt is correlated with the Nico Perez Terrane and Luis Alves Block (Archean to Mesoproterozoic, with Congo Craton affinity). This contrasts with the Piedra Alta Terrane (Rio de La Plata Craton, only Paleoproterozoic), westernmost Uruguay. The suture between the Piedra Alta and Nico Perez terranes is correlated with the suture zone in the westernmost central sector. Transpression affected both foreland and hinterland during collision (660–640 Ma), with high-T/low-P hinterland progressive exhumation, whilst foreland low- to medium-grade correlated sequences record underthrusting. Post-collisional processes included magmatism throughout the belt (640–580 Ma), strain partitioning along strike-slip shear zones, and foreland basin fill. Late tectono-metamorphic and magmatic processes (560–540 Ma) were attributed to the Kalahari Craton collision. Arc magmatism migration due to subduction angle variations suggests modern-style plate tectonics during Gondwana amalgamation. Diachronism and kinematic inversion are characteristic of an oblique convergent multi-plate orogenic system.  相似文献