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21.
SergeiPisarevsky 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(1):8-14
With the latest information on geology, isotop chronology, geochemistry and aerial geophysics, the structural enviroment, geological event characterists and evolution history of component units of Rodinia Supercontinent on a global scale are discussed. And some neo views and genetic pattern are provided. The East Eurppean Craton had a complex evolution history between 1.7 and 0.9 Ga. The arthors propose a new reconstruction of Laurentia acient land and Siberia at ca. 1 050-1 000 Ma. The largest litho-structural record of the Meso-Neoproterozoic orogenic collage in South America made up the western border of the South American Platform African Cratons are the result of convergence of Paleoproterozoic/Archaem Cratonic blocks. A part of Eastern Antarctica attached to southern Africa in Mesoproterozoic.Neoproterozoic felsic magmatic events in New India made the western border of Rodinia Pre-Grevoillian Laurentia was established as a major continental block by the end of the Paleoproterozoic. South China is geologically plausible to be between southern Laurentia and eastern Australia. Yangzi-Tarim connection or neighborhood is proposed. According to the abovementionded, the assembly and breakup paattem of Rodinia proposed by Pisarevsky is tested. It telles that primary break up is along the western border of Laurentia ancient land, which is similar to northern Atlantic. Another characteristic is that some continents are not considered as component parts of Rodinia, eg. India, Congo and San-Francisco. 相似文献
22.
滇中峨山地区中元古界昆阳群黑山头组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
滇中玉溪—昆阳一带广泛出露的中元古界昆阳群是一套与晋宁运动密切相关的浅变质火山-沉积岩系,其形成时代、沉积充填序列及大地构造属性一直存在争议。出露于峨山县美党地区的昆阳群黑山头组富良棚段发育有厚近百米的安山质熔结凝灰岩、晶屑凝灰岩、玄武岩及岩屑凝灰岩。对样品D0121-1及D0121-2进行同位素年代学研究,分别获得LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为1007±13Ma和1005±18Ma;同时,样品D0121-2中还获较多的2200±15Ma继承性锆石,推测滇中地区应存在古元古代的地质体。2件样品锆石的Th/U值均大于0.3,均具清晰的振荡环带结构,均为岩浆成因的锆石,表明黑山头组富良棚段形成于中元古代晚期,属于与造山作用相关的火山岩系,可能是罗迪尼亚超大陆事件在扬子陆块的响应,是全球格林维尔期造山过程的组成部分。 相似文献
23.
Recent advances in three-dimensional numerical simulations of mantle convection have aided in approximately reproducing continental movement since the Pangea breakup at 200 Ma. These have also led to a better understanding of the thermal and mechanical coupling between mantle convection and surface plate motion and predictions of the configuration of the next supercontinent. The simulations of mantle convection from 200 Ma to the present reveals that the development of large-scale cold mantle downwellings in the North Tethys Ocean at the earlier stage of the Pangea breakup triggered the northward movement of the Indian subcontinent. The model of high temperature anomaly region beneath Pangea resulting from the thermal insulation effect support the breakup of Pangea in the real Earth time scale, as also suggested in previous geological and geodynamic models. However, considering the low radioactive heat generation rate of the depleted upper mantle, the high temperature anomaly region might have been generated by upwelling plumes with contribution of deep subducted TTG(tonalite-trondhjemite-granite) materials enriched in radiogenic elements. Integrating the numerical results of mantle convection from 200 Ma to the present, and from the present to the future, it is considered that the mantle drag force acting on the base of continents may be comparable to the slab pull force, which implies that convection in the shallower part of the mantle is strongly coupled with surface plate motion. 相似文献
24.
《地质论评》2012,(2)
本文报道了云南东川地区望厂组中熔结凝灰岩锆石的SHRIMP U Pb年龄.其中自形结构、环带清晰锆石的不一致曲线与谐和线上交点的207Pb/206Pb年龄分别为2317±13 Ma(n=13,MSWD=33),13个点的加权平均年龄为2299±14 Ma(n=13,MSWD=59),表明望厂组地层的沉积时代为古元古代早—中期.东川地区下四组地层与滇中昆阳群(黄草岭组—美党组)和四川会理群(淌塘组—天宝山组)的沉积时代相差近1.0Ga.为了区别于昆阳群和会理群,建议对本区下四组地层(洒海沟组、望厂组、菜园湾组、平顶山组)独立建群,即汤丹群.汤丹群是目前为止康滇地区已发现的最古老的地层建造之一,经历过古元古代中期的挤压过程(东川运动)和古元古代末期的拉张过程,可能是相对于扬子古陆核独立存在、并构成早—中元古宙Columbia超级大陆的一个小的古老陆块. 相似文献
25.
塔里木克拉通基底古隆起构造-热事件及其结构与演化 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
通过盆地内部锆石U-Pb测年分析表明,塔里木克拉通基底存在2950～ 3100Ma、2100 ～ 2400Ma、1900～2000Ma、1300～1600Ma、900 ～ 950Ma、700～800Ma、540 ～ 560Ma、400～ 500Ma和270～290Ma等9期构造-热事件.中央航磁异常带井下花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定发现1908.2±8.6Ma前寒武纪基底,表明盆地内部可能存在古元古代构造-热事件形成的古老花岗岩基底.结合新的地质与地球物理资料综合分析,塔里木盆地前寒武纪具有不同年代、不同类型的基底结构,北部为中-新元古代中浅变质岩基底、中部为古元古代花岗岩基底、南部为新元古代早-中期岩浆岩与变质岩基底、东南部为遭受早志留纪区域变质改造的变质岩基底.井震结合发现塔里木盆地寒武系/前寒武系发育广泛分布的大型不整合,形成塔北与塔南两大前寒武纪基底古隆起,可能与550Ma“泛非运动”相关.塔里木盆地基底古隆起主要经历5期演化,古元古代中期形成克拉通化基底,新元古代早期形成统一的变质结晶基底,寒武纪沉积前两大基底古隆起形成,加里东晚期五大基底古隆起基本定型,海西期以来发生局部调整改造. 相似文献
26.
豫西南地区北秦岭地体新元古代花岗岩类岩石成因及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
北秦岭地体中新元古代花岗岩类岩石是秦岭造山带的重要组成部分,记录了造山带基底前寒武纪地壳形成和演化历史。本文报道方庄和德河花岗岩岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和O同位素组成、全岩元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学组成,探讨其岩石成因和地壳演化意义。结果表明,方庄花岗质糜棱岩的锆石结晶年龄为933.4±9.2Ma,δ18O值8.3‰～11.9‰,初始87Sr/86Sr比值0.72455,初始εNd值-6.0,Nd模式年龄2.09Ga(tDM2);德河黑云斜长片麻岩的锆石结晶年龄为948.1±8.9Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr比值变化较大,初始εNd值-5.0,Nd模式年龄2.02Ga。结合已报道的新元古代花岗岩类岩体的年龄和地球化学数据,北秦岭地体新元古代岩浆作用可以划分为980～870Ma挤压碰撞作用和～844Ma伸展裂解作用两大阶段,包括～940Ma强烈变形S型同碰撞花岗岩、～880Ma弱-无变形后碰撞I型花岗岩和～844Ma板内A型碱性岩三类花岗岩体。地球化学组成显示,这些花岗岩类岩石可能源自不同时期形成的秦岭群基底杂岩的部分熔融,但在后碰撞阶段幔源物质或年轻地壳物质的加入明显增加。北秦岭地体中新元古代岩浆活动与Rodinia超大陆演化基本同时代,可能记录超大陆形成过程中的地壳响应。在新元古代之前,北秦岭地体或许具有不同于华北陆块和华南陆块的演化历史。 相似文献
27.
Sisir K. Mondal 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(1):36-51
The Archaean cratonic nuclei of the continents are important as they contain the most significant evidences for the evolution
of Earth e.g. the greenstone sequences. In the Indian Shield, one of the important cratons is the Singhbhum craton, where
nearly 95% of the Indian chromite deposits and only PGE deposits are located which are hosted within Mesoarchaean ultramafic-mafic
rock sequences. The ultramafic units occur as sill like intrusions within the Iron Ore Group (IOG) greenstone belts and often
associated with gabbroic intrusions. In the Nuasahi and Sukinda mining districts of these occurrences, detailed petrological,
geochemical and isotopic studies have been carried out in the last decades. Petrological and geochemical studies indicate
a supra-subduction zone (SSZ) tectonic settings in Archaean for the origin of these ultramafic-mafic sequences. The Os isotopic
and platinum group element (PGE) geochemical studies of chromites from the two mining districts indicate presence of a subchondritic
source mantle domain beneath and within the Singhbhum craton similar to the Zimbabwean craton of southern African continent.
The Os model age calculation indicates melt extraction from a subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) before 3.7 Ga which
is similar to the other ancient cratons. As a whole the study supports the premise that India was part of the African continent
in pre-Gondwana times and even in early Archaean and suggest possible amalgamation and building up of a supercontinent during
late Archaean. However, in comparison with other occurrences, the Singhbhum craton of the Indian Shield and the Zimbabwean
craton in southern Africa are characterized by the presence of subchondritic lithospheric mantle domains within the SCLM,
which were developed prior to 3.7 Ga. 相似文献
28.
克拉通盆地是所有盆地类型中最稳定、最长寿的盆地,也是地壳和地幔长期垂向变形最重要的地质记录。地史上面积最大的克拉通盆地(超级克拉通盆地)原型面积常超过200×10^4 km^2,对探讨克拉通盆地成因演化具有重要的代表性意义。目前世界各地的研究可以识别出10余个不同时期的超级克拉通盆地。本文根据超级克拉通盆地基底性质、盆地发育的超大陆构造演化背景及其构造特征,将超级克拉通盆地划分为A型盆地和B型盆地两种类型,它们分别以西西伯利亚盆地和刚果盆地为代表。A型盆地形成于超大陆裂解之前至初始裂解的背景下,基底为前期造山带,为短波长盆地。盆地形态不规则性强,内部均一性相对较低,克拉通盆地边缘可能渐变为弧后盆地或前陆盆地。B型盆地形成于超大陆裂解末期(即下一个超大陆汇聚之初),基底为古克拉通陆块,为长波长盆地,盆地多呈对称的宽缓碟型。A型盆地处于短期活动的热地幔柱之上,伴随早期裂谷作用及其随后的热衰减成盆;B型盆地常处于热点和地貌高地之间的部位,盆地沉降长期受地幔持续缓慢下沉控制。 相似文献
29.
The geologic record supports numerous instances during which continents apparently moved at speeds significantly faster than any of today's tectonic plates. While the time dependence of convective driving forces likely explains some such observations, rapid motions of large continents in particular are often attributed to true polar wander (TPW). In order to gauge the potential for connections between continents, mantle temperature anomalies, and polar motion, we present the first calculations of TPW derived from models that couple mantle convection with multiple, mobile continents. We find that the aggregation and dispersal of supercontinents can lead to two types of TPW, driven either by a well developed hot upwelling axis that creates a stable maximum moment of inertia, or by the homogenization of mantle thermal structure following continent dispersal that leads to destabilization of the principal axis and possible large magnitude polar wander. These supercontinent-modulated thermal heterogeneities drive model TPW events as large as 90° at rates of up to 2.5° Ma− 1. Such magnitudes and speeds are greater than those attained in similar models lacking continents, but comparable to those for episodes inferred from paleomagnetic data for some large continents in the past. 相似文献
30.
康滇地轴元古代重大地质事件与拉拉IOCG矿床成矿响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
有关IOCG最新研究成果建议,将IOCG矿床限定于资源量大于1 Mt的大型/超大型矿床。对世界上已知的大型/超大型IOCG矿床的成矿背景和成矿作用进行分析对比,发现前寒纪大型/超大型IOCG矿床均位于前寒纪超大陆的边缘、形成于非造山期,与壳幔相互作用有关,与板底垫托、地幔柱等相关的重大地质事件关系密切。通过对康滇地轴元古代地质体岩石/矿物的同位素年龄数据分析研究,同时对拉拉IOCG矿床成矿特征及同位素测龄分析,认为扬子地台西缘康滇地轴存在早元古代早期(2 486～1 884 Ma BP)古陆壳,是Kenorland超大陆的一部分。在中元古代发育了康滇陆缘裂谷(1 725～1 466 Ma BP),与Columbia超大陆非造山期同时。新元古代的晋宁运动使该裂谷产物变质,及形成康定杂岩,成为康滇地轴的上层结晶基底(1 100～721 Ma BP)。其是Rodinia超大陆的拼贴与裂解事件的响应。拉拉矿床具有2期成矿作用。第一期火山喷发成矿期(1 712～1 680 Ma BP),是康滇裂谷事件的产物。第二期变质热液成矿期主成矿阶段(1 000～900Ma BP),是Rodinia超大陆的拼贴作用的响应。康滇地轴元代地层中具有形成IOCG矿床的巨大潜力。 相似文献