A Simple Method for Analysis of Point Anchored Rockbolts in Circular Tunnels in Elastic Ground   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Bobet 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2006,39(4):315-338

Summary. A simple analytical method for the analysis of point anchored rockbolts is presented in this paper. The solution has been derived for elastic ground and rockbolts, for plane strain conditions, and for tunnels with circular cross section. The method provides accurate results for the rockbolts’ loads and displacements and explicitly includes the connection of the rockbolts to the surrounding ground. The addition of such details to a Finite Element numerical model is critical; otherwise the solution obtained may be dependent on the discretization used and on the stiffness of rockbolts and ground. As an alternative to including details of the rockbolt head and anchor point in the numerical model, which could be computationally very expensive, an equivalent spring constant is proposed. The spring constant is obtained by matching numerical with analytical results for a simple case, but keeping the geometry, material properties, and discretization unchanged.  相似文献   

Applying bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation method for tunnel reinforcement design considering nonlinear material behaviour     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

In the empirical methods for reinforcement design of underground excavations, an even distribution of rock bolts is generally recommended. This work proves that this design is not necessarily optimal and shows how the state-of-the-art reinforcement design could be improved through topology optimisation techniques. The Bidirectional Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (BESO) method has been extended to consider nonlinear material behaviour. An elastic perfectly-plastic Mohr–Coulomb model is utilised for both original rock and reinforced rock. External work along the tunnel wall is considered as the objective function. Various in situ stress conditions with different horizontal stress ratios and different geostatic stress magnitudes are investigated through several examples. The outcomes show that the proposed approach is capable of improving tunnel reinforcement design. Also, significant difference in optimal reinforcement distribution for the cases of linear and nonlinear analysis results proves the importance of the influence of realistic nonlinear material properties on the final outcome.  相似文献   

Application of a coupled homogenization-damage model to masonry tunnel vaults     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

This paper presents an approach developed to study the behavior of the masonry vaulted tunnels in order to evaluate the serviceability state and failure load. An appropriate homogenization technique is used to simulate the global anisotropic behavior across the vault. The model takes into account isotropic damage in each component of the masonry and the variations of the directions of anisotropy in case of a vault. A set of comparisons with experimental tests allowed the validation of the proposed approach. Failure loads and deformation states are correctly assessed. The present model was programmed in the finite element code CESAR-LCPC.  相似文献   

Numerical analyses of stability and deformation behavior of reinforced and unreinforced tunnel faces     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

In traditional tunneling, an analysis of the face stability is required to avoid failure mechanisms or excessive face extrusion. Face reinforcement can improve face stability and reduce deformations. In the present work a numerical study of both unreinforced and reinforced tunnel excavation faces by means of 3D FEM analyses is presented. The results are compared with those of the traditional limit equilibrium method and with an analytical solution based on previous numerical studies. It could be shown that the LEM may lead to non-conservative results. Finally, the deformation response is assessed and the benefits of face reinforcements are investigated.  相似文献   

江西永平爆破北西测线资料再解释   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

朱良保  宋仲和 《地球物理学报》1987,30(2):169-177

本文利用江西永平爆破北西测线深地震测深资料,综合分析了其走时、振幅及频率特性,得到江西东北部地壳结构。利用振幅特性来减少反演的非唯一性。关于振幅特性分析,第一步用经典射线理论分析这一地区的振幅响应趋势;第二步用波动理论方法严格计算临界点附近的振幅特性,进一步研究经典射线理论方法的应用可能。最后还利用隧道波理论分析了永平爆破资料,得出这一地区的地壳上部可能存在低速层;地壳深部可能存在高速薄层,厚度在1km以内,速度为7.40km/s左右;莫霍面顶部为一梯度层结构。结果表明,既使在较稳定的地台区,地壳内部的结构也可能是相当复杂的。  相似文献   

Application of an impact plate – Bedload transport measuring system for high-speed flows     

Takahiro Koshiba  Christian Auel  Daizo Tsutsumi  Sameh A. Kantoush  Tetsuya Sumi 《国际泥沙研究》2018,33(1):35-46

To achieve the sustainable use of dams, the development of methods for sediment management in reservoirs is required. One such method includes the use of Sediment Bypass Tunnels (SBTs) to divert sediment around a dam, thereby preventing sedimentation in the reservoir. However, SBTs are prone to severe invert abrasion caused by the high sediment flux. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a measurement system of the sediment transport rate in these tunnels. One system to measure sediment transport in rivers is the Swiss plate geophone, which can register plate vibrations caused by particle impact. In Japan, the Japanese pipe microphone is used, and sediment transport is measured based on the sound emitted by the particle impact. In this study an attempt was made to optimize the advantages of both systems by fixing a microphone and an acceleration sensor to a steel plate. The results of calibration experiments with this new system are presented and compared with the existing methods. It was found that the acceleration sensor can detect sediment particles larger than 2 mm in diameter. Moreover, a new parameter, referred to as the detection rate, was introduced to describe the correlation between the actual amount of sediment and the registered output. Finally, two parameters - the saturation rate and hit rate - are introduced and exhibit strong correlation with the detection rate.  相似文献   

反射地震零偏移距逆时偏移方法用于隧道超前预报   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

常旭  刘伊克  桂志先 《地球物理学报》2006,49(5):1482-1488

为了高效快速地采集到隧道开挖前方的反射地震数据并提供实时的隧道前方地质超前预报,本文提出一种基于波动方程逆时偏移原理的隧道地质超前预报方法.为了获得与该超前预报方法相适应的地震数据,本文还提出适用于隧道内有限空间环境下的PMZO（Plus Minus Zero Offset）反射地震采集方案.本研究根据理论地震记录分析了隧道中零偏移距地震记录反射波的时距关系和振幅特征,讨论了隧道中地震记录的解释方法,利用含多条断层破碎带的地质模型,模拟了基于逆时偏移算法的实时隧道地质超前预报.数值计算结果证明,PMZO数据采集方案以及逆时偏移算法可以获得隧道开挖前方地质构造的准确成像.  相似文献