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51.
永暑礁西南礁镯生物地貌与沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
在海上系统调查的基础上提出南沙群岛永暑礁西南部礁镯并非传统的开放型环礁,而是一个封闭型的小环礁,封闭的泻湖能够为高分辨率古环境重建提供原生生物沉积。该小环礁可分为礁前斜坡活珊瑚林带、外礁坪珊瑚生长带、礁突起珊瑚枝块胶结堆积带、内礁坪枝状珊瑚生长-砂质沉积交互带、泻湖坡枝状珊瑚生长-细砂沉积带和泻湖盆底粉砂质生物沉积带共6个生物地貌和沉积带。12个礁坪原生滨珊瑚和2个礁岩滨珊瑚的^14C和TIMS U-Th测年结果表明永暑礁礁坪面形成于近代,它们没有提供中全新世高海平面的证据,约950aBP的中世纪暖期南沙群岛可能有过非常强的风暴潮。此外,1000年以内的珊瑚常规^14C未校正年代与TIMS U-Th年代存在显著差异,在环境解释中需要特别小心。 相似文献
52.
Julie Prytulak Tim Elliott Dirk L. Hoffmann Christopher D. Coath 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):55-63
The accuracy of 231 Pa-235 U measurements can be readily assessed using a secular equilibrium reference material (RM), but a secular equilibrium RM is also required to calibrate the 233 Pa spike used in 231 Pa determinations. The only silicate RM commonly accepted to be in secular equilibrium is Table Mountain Latite (TML) and so an additional reference is required. Our measurements on the widely available USGS BCR-2 (Basalt Columbia River) rock powder yielded (231 Pa/235 U) = 0.997 ± 0.013 2s (n = 10), indicating its value as a secondary reference to test the fidelity of U-Pa determinations. Such a reference material additionally provides a useful check on data reduction, which our literature survey highlights can lead to discrepancies of up to 53% between reported (231 Pa/235 U) activity ratios and corresponding U and Pa concentration data. 相似文献
53.
Norbert Mercier Christine Hatt Michel Fontugne Jean-Louis Reyss Hlne Valladas Luc Wengler Jean-Philip Brugal Abderrahmane Ouammou Andr Weisrock 《Quaternary Geochronology》2009,4(4):326-334
The Sidi Messaoud site provides a 40 m thick sedimentary infilling of great importance for the study of environmental changes and landscape evolution during the Upper Pleistocene in the Western Sahara. In this study, chronological results obtained by the 14C, U-series and optical dating techniques are compared. Each individual age, depositional environment and post-deposition history of the various samples are evaluated, in order to explain the methodological reasons for discordances and concordances. Stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental implications for the last 120 ka history in southwestern Morocco are also inferred: the wadi Noun gorges had been incised before MIS 5, and later, during MIS 3, the valley has been filled in with a mean sedimentation rate of 1 m/ka. 相似文献
54.
U- and Th-series disequilibria observed in a sequence of infill sediments from Praia da Rocha, southern Portugal, were used in combination with geochemical and particle size data to investigate sediment provenance with a view to resolving the late Quaternary weathering and erosion history of the Algarve region, and the stratigraphy of coastal karstic exposures of the Faro/Quarteira (FQ) formation. The red infill units can be distinguished from the brown and buff units on the basis of their lower residual U- and Th-concentrations, their differing post-depositional histories (as revealed by U- and Th-series disequilibria in sequentially extracted sediment phases), and their greater degree of sediment processing. Hence, the buff and brown infill units appear to be derived locally from weathering of the Miocene limestone whilst the red infill may be linked to large-scale mass movement of the FQ formation from further inland, but south of Silves, during the Late Pleistocene. This sequence of events confirms a close association between the formation of karst topography and infilling by gravitational slumping, debris flow and fluvial activity, and, hence, accounts for the complex (three-stage) sediment provenance of the infill material. 相似文献
55.
H. Valladas N. Mercier L.K. Ayliffe C. Falgures J.-J. Bahain J.-M. Dolo L. Froget J.-L. Joron H. Masaoudi J.-L. Reyss M.-H. Moncel 《Quaternary Geochronology》2008,3(4):377-389
The archaeological site of Payre (France) yielded Middle Palaeolithic layers with Neanderthal remains, which are partly bracketed by two stalagmitic flowstones. To obtain a precise chronological framework for the human occupation and the faunal remains of this site, several dating methods were used: uranium-series (U-series by alpha spectrometry and TIMS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) on stalagmitic flowstones, combined ESR/U-series on teeth and bones, and thermoluminescence (TL) on burnt flints. Most of the ages obtained for levels H to C range from 300 to 140 ka. The age-spread obtained for the anthropic (burnt flints) and faunal remains (bones and teeth) suggests that the dated levels represent several human occupation periods, near the transition from MIS8 to MIS7 (levels G–F) and from MIS6 to MIS5 (levels D–E). 相似文献
56.
西藏纳木错湖相沉积的铀系年代学研究 总被引：22，自引：3，他引：22
纳木错是西藏海拔最高的大湖 ,位于藏北内流区东南部。研究中应用铀系全溶样品的等时线技术所测定的纳木错西北岸 3个剖面的 8个富含碳酸盐湖相沉积物样品的年龄。其实验程序是 :先按矿物的粒径将样品分成若干子样品 ,全溶子样品并分别测试它们的2 3 0 Th/ 2 3 2 Th和2 3 4 U/ 2 3 2 Th比值 ,然后通过年龄等时线来校正由碎屑物带来的初始钍的影响 ,从而避免了常用的稀酸淋滤法难于验证的同位素分馏问题。测试结果显示 ,在等时线上所有数据都有良好的线性关系 ,表明所获得的年龄数据是合理的。由 相似文献
57.
58.
Coral terrace surveys and U-series ages of coral yield a surface uplift rate of ∼0.5 m/ka for Kisar Island, which is an emergent island in the hinterland of the active Banda arc–continent collision. Based on this rate, Kisar first emerged from the ocean as recently as ∼450 ka. These uplifted terraces are gently warped in a pattern of east–west striking folds. These folds are strike parallel to more developed thrust-related folds of similar wavelength imaged by a seismic reflection profile just offshore. This deformation shows that the emergence of Kisar is influenced by forearc closure along the south-dipping Kisar Thrust. However, the pinnacle shape of Kisar and the protrusion of its metamorphic rocks through the forearc basin sediments also suggest a component of extrusion along shear zones or active doming.Coral encrusts the island coast in many locations over 100 m above sea level. Terrace morphology and coral ages are best explained by recognizing major surfaces as mostly growth terraces and minor terraces as mostly erosional into older terraces. All reliable and referable coral U-series ages determined by MC-ICP-MS correlate with marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e (118–128 ka). The only unaltered coral samples are found below 6 m elevation; however an unaltered Tridacna (giant clam) shell in growth position at 95 m elevation yields a U-series age of 195 ± 31 ka, which corresponds to MIS 7. This age agrees with the best-fit uplift model for the island. Loose deposits of unaltered coral fragments found at elevations between 8 and 20 m yield U-series ages of <100 years and may represent paleotsunami deposits from previously undocumented tectonic activity in the region. 相似文献
59.
Martin Reich Carlos Palacios Gabriel Vargas Shangde Luo Eion M. Cameron Matthew I. Leybourne Miguel A. Parada Alejandro Zúñiga Cheng-Feng You 《Mineralium Deposita》2009,44(5):497-504
Supergene enrichment of Cu deposits in the Atacama Desert has played a critical role in making this the prime Cu-producing
province of the world. Previously, this has been believed to have occurred exclusively over a long period from the middle
Eocene to the late Miocene, which ended when climatic conditions changed from arid to hyperarid. Here, we report U-series
disequilibrium ages in atacamite-bearing supergene assemblages that provide a new conceptualization on both the supergene
enrichment process and the onset of extreme hyperaridity in the Atacama Desert. 230Th–234U ages of gypsum intergrown with atacamite in supergene veins from Cu deposits cluster at ~240 ka (Chuquicamata), 130 ka (Mantos
Blancos, Spence), and 80 ka (Mantos de la Luna, Michilla). When coupled with previous data, these results indicate that supergene
enrichment of Cu deposits did not cease after the onset of hyperaridity. We propose that supergene enrichment in the Atacama
region developed in two main stages. The main phase, caused by downward circulation of meteoric waters in a semi-arid setting,
was active from 45 until ~9 Ma, with a last pulse ca. 5 Ma in the southern Atacama Desert. During this phase, atacamite-bearing
supergene assemblages were not preserved because atacamite requires saline water for its formation and rapidly dissolves when
contacted by meteoric water. This was followed by a second stage starting at ~2–1.5 Ma and continuing until at least the late
Pleistocene, when deep formation waters derived from the basement passed up through and modified the pre-existing supergene
Cu oxide minerals. Atacamite has then been preserved in the prevailing hyperarid climate. 相似文献
60.
产现代智人化石的“柳江人洞”遗址现存8m多厚堆积层可分为4个单元,即上部钙板-粘土层;中上部切入下伏地层的楔状角砾堆积体;中部钙质胶结的含化石和角砾粉砂质粘土层;下部河流相砂层。覆盖楔状角砾堆积和含角砾粉砂质粘土层的第2钙板层年代大约为70kaB.P.。中部地层的上部有两个被楔状角砾堆积切断的钙板残层,年代分别约为150kaB.P.和220kaB.P.,表明在大约150kaB.P.之后该地点曾发生冲刷-再沉积事件。据前人报告,“柳江人”化石出土于楔状角砾堆积,其年代大约为150～70kaB.P.。另外,不能排除人类化石埋藏于中部地层的可能性,如是,其年代应早于150kaB.P.。无论上述两种可能性何者成立,“柳江人”化石的年代都不会晚于约70kaB.P.。这大大早于以前的估计,并使“柳江人“成为迄今已知东亚南部最早的具有现代人解剖特征的化石智人。与“柳江人”化石共生的哺乳动物群原先归属晚更新世,现应调整为晚更新世早期至中更新世晚期。 相似文献