U-Pb dating of scheelite,wolframite and apatite from the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit,western Hunan Province and their geological significanceSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

祝亚男  彭建堂  邢朗彰  唐燕文 《岩石学报》2023,(6):1829-1846

沃溪矿床位于湘西雪峰隆起区的转折部位,是该区金锑钨矿床的典型代表。该矿床成矿元素及成矿期次较为复杂,各成矿阶段的形成时代长期存在争议。本次研究在对沃溪矿床详细野外调查及岩相学观察的基础上,对深部中段矿体中的白钨矿、磷灰石及浅部中段矿体中的黑钨矿开展了U-Pb同位素分析。依据本次所获年龄数据,结合观察到的矿脉交切关系、矿物共生组合等特征,本文认为沃溪矿床除了加里东期成矿作用之外,还存在燕山期成矿作用。其中,白钨矿形成相对较早,成矿年龄为149.0±12Ma、144.8±1.7Ma、139.8±6.1Ma;黑钨矿与白钨矿同时生成(或稍晚),成矿年龄为137.8±3.9Ma、134.8±5.1Ma;自然金、辉锑矿主要在白钨矿、黑钨矿形成以后通过沉淀而成,且自然金在晚阶段(125.8±5.6Ma、123.8±4.6Ma)石英-碳酸盐脉中仍有少量产出。综合已有年代学资料推测,沃溪矿床可能在经历了加里东期陆内造山成矿作用之后,还经受了燕山期伸展构造背景下深部流体不同程度的叠加改造作用。而该矿床发现的矿脉原地破裂后被后期矿物胶结等现象,则指示其矿脉的形成与液压致裂作用有关,这种作用导致矿脉反复裂开-愈合,有利于成矿元素(尤其是金)的活化迁移和再富集沉淀。  相似文献   

Tectono-magmatic evolution from accretion to collision in the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic BeltSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

李舢  王涛  肖文交  侯泉林 《岩石学报》2023,(5):1261-1275

造山带演化及增生到碰撞的转变是板块构造与大陆动力学研究中的前沿科学问题。中亚造山带被认为是古亚洲洋长期俯冲-增生演化形成的显生宙最大的增生造山带,以发育巨量的面状展布的俯冲-增生相关的弧岩浆岩为特征。并且,由于中亚增生型造山带在潘吉亚最后聚合过程中发生弧弧(陆)碰撞,因此缺乏大规模且跨构造单元的碰撞相关的构造和变质等物质标志。显然,能否识别出大洋闭合期间碰撞作用的岩浆标志成为确定增生造山带增生过程终止的关键之一。本文系统研究确定:中亚造山带东南缘二叠纪到三叠纪钙碱性-碱钙性岩浆在空间分布上显示出由北西向南东迁移演化的特征;在岩浆性质上具有从二叠纪新生地壳来源的弧岩浆向早-中三叠世碰撞挤压背景下古老陆壳组分逐渐增多的高Sr/Y岩浆以及晚三叠世后造山伸展相关的A型花岗岩演化的特征。这些特征提供了俯冲-增生向碰撞造山演变的关键岩浆岩证据。结合区域资料,厘定出增生造山带最后碰撞相关的标志性岩浆为沿缝合带呈零星线性展布的增厚下地壳源区的高Sr/Y花岗岩类,构建了中亚造山带南缘从双向俯冲-增生到增生楔-增生楔碰撞及后造山伸展的三阶段构造-岩浆演化模型。系统对比研究,揭示出增生-碰撞相关的岩浆记录沿横向展布在中亚造山带南缘甘肃北山到吉林中部一带,表明碰撞挤压相关的岩浆作用在中亚造山带南缘具有一定的普适性。中亚造山带南缘从增生到碰撞的岩浆演化记录的厘定,证实显生宙最大的巨型增生造山带演化末期经历了碰撞造山作用,对进一步深入探索增生造山演化末期碰撞相关的标志性岩浆具有重要意义。  相似文献   

里下河地区极端降水时空变化及未来趋势分析     

鞠艳  杨星  王轶虹  王冬梅  齐斐  王志寰 《水文》2023,43(4)

随着全球变暖,极端天气事件逐渐增加,影响着社会经济发展,揭示区域极端降水时空变化对防洪减灾具有重要意义。基于1960—2019年的逐日降水,通过MK趋势检验、小波分析、重标极差以及克里金插值方法,从强度、频率和持续性三方面分析里下河地区的极端降水指数,并进一步探究其未来趋势变化。结果表明：（1）里下河地区多年平均降水为1017.25 mm,呈不显著增加趋势;空间分布差异明显,总体呈自西北向东南逐渐增加的分布。（2）研究区内各站点极端降水指数变化不同,总体而言,极端降水强度、频率均呈现增加趋势,持续性呈减少趋势。（3）极端降水指数变化过程中存在3类尺度的周期性变化,在整个时间尺度上存在3个偏多中心和2个偏少中心。（4）除R10mm和R20mm未来变化趋势与过去趋势相反且呈弱持续性,其他极端降水指数未来变化趋势与过去相一致,且过去总体趋势对未来趋势的影响时间长度在9~16年左右。研究结果为里下河地区科学合理应对气象灾害、合理配置水资源提供依据。  相似文献   

Characteristics and variation law of wind-blown sand delivered to the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River under a changing environment     

Zhichun Yue  Ximin Yuan  Lugan Cao  Fuchang Tian  Chao Han  Hongwu Zhang 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(2):188-201

Wind-blown sand is one of the key factors affecting the evolution of sediment transport,erosion,and deposition in rivers crossing desert areas.However,the differences and complex variations in the spatial and temporal distribution of the underlying surface conditions are seldom considered in research on the river inflow of wind-blown sand over a long time period.The Yellow River contains a large amount of sediment.The Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River was selected as the research ...  相似文献   

遥感在大兴安岭森林覆盖区地质矿产调查中的应用——以黑龙江洛古河1:5万区域地质矿产调查工作为例     

周传芳  陈卓  孙彦峰  梁中恺  杨长保  姜平  冯嘉  杜海双 《地质与资源》2022,31(5):632-641

大兴安岭地区森林覆盖严重, 气候严寒, 交通极为不便, 野外有效工作时间短, 给区域地质矿产调查工作增加了难度, 急需遥感手段提高成果质量和效率. 在黑龙江大兴安岭洛古河等4幅1:5万区域地质矿产调查工作中, 利用SPOT7、Landsat7/8、ASTER等多种遥感数据开展地质矿产解译, 进行遥感影像分区, 建立地层、构造和侵入岩解译标志, 提取羟基和铁染蚀变异常, 结合水系沉积物测量成果划分了成矿有利区, 有效降低了地质矿产调查强度, 提高了调查效率, 增强了调查质量. 表明遥感技术在大兴安岭高植被覆盖区地质矿产调查过程中能够取得较好效果.  相似文献   

Analysing the relationship between drought and soil erosion using vegetation health index and RUSLE models in Godavari middle sub-basin,India     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(2):101312

Drought is a natural phenomenon posing severe implications for soil, groundwater and agricultural yield. It has been recognized as one of the most pervasive global change drivers to affect the soil. Soil being a weakly renewable resource takes a long time to form, but it takes no time to degrade. However, the response of soil to drought conditions as soil loss is not manifested in the existing literature. Thus, this study makes a concerted effort to analyze the relationship between drought conditions and soil erosion in the middle sub-basin of the Godavari River in India. MODIS remote sensing data was utilized for driving drought indices during 2000–2019. Firstly, we constricted Temperature condition index (TCI) and Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) from Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) derived from MODIS data. TCI and VCI were then integrated to determine the Vegetation Health Index (VHI). Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was utilized for estimating soil loss. The relationship between drought condition and vegetation was ascertained using the Pearson correlation. Most of the northern and southern watersheds experienced severe drought condition in the sub-basin during 2000–2019. The mean frequency of the drought occurrence was 7.95 months. The average soil erosion in the sub-basin was estimated to be 9.88 t ha^?1 year^?1. A positive relationship was observed between drought indices and soil erosion values (r value being 0.35). However, wide variations were observed in the distribution of spatial correlation. Among various factors, the slope length and steepness were found to be the main drivers of soil erosion in the sub-basin. Thus, the study calls for policy measures to lessen the impact of drought and soil erosion.  相似文献   

Testing a new combined (U,Th)–He and U/Th dating approach on Plio-Pleistocene calcite speleothems     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

The geochronology of cave deposits in the Cradle of Humankind UNESCO World Heritage Site in South Africa provides a timeframe essential for the interpretation of its fossils. The uranium-lead (U–Pb) and uranium-thorium disequilibrium (U/Th) dating of speleothems, mostly flowstones that underlie and blanket the fossil-bearing sediments, have been effective in this sense, but U–Pb is limited by the requirement of ∼1 ppm U concentrations and low common Pb contents, and U/Th has a c. 500 ka limit of applicability. Here we report age results for calcite-aragonite speleothems obtained using a new combined uranium-thorium-helium ((U,Th)–He) and U/Th dating routine. We reproduced within analytical uncertainty, the published U–Pb or U/Th ages for (a) flowstone in three drill core samples in the range 2000–3000 ka, (b) a flowstone hand sample taken at surface with an age of 1800 ka, and (c) five underground flowstone samples in the range 100–800 ka. Calcite retentivity for He under cave conditions is thus demonstrated. In the few cases where helium loss was observed in speleothems, only some of the subsamples were affected, and to varying degrees, suggesting loss by lattice damage not related to diagenetic processes, rather than volume diffusion. In the 100 to 800 ka range, the combined U/Th disequilibrium and (U,Th)–He method also yielded reliable values for initial (²³⁰Th/²³⁸U) and (²³⁴U/²³⁸U) activity ratios. Importantly, most subsamples had high initial (²³⁰Th/²³⁸U) values, ranging from 1.0 to 19.7, although having low Th/U ratios. This is probably due to incorporation of Fe–Mn oxides-hydroxides dust, on which ²³⁰Th was previously adsorbed. Such samples are mostly not dateable by U/Th without the additional input from the He analysis. If not detected and corrected for, such high initial (²³⁰Th/²³⁸U) values can lead to inaccurate U/Th and U–Pb ages. Our study shows that the incorporation of He analysis in U/Th dating has broad potential application, with four methods for calculating the ages, in carbonates from different environments where U-Pb or U/Th dating would not work.  相似文献   

ESR/U-series dating of Eemian human occupations of Northern France     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Palaeolithic sites associated with the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e) are very rare in NW Europe, and especially in Northern France, where their preservation is restricted to very specific geological contexts, in association with carbonated tufa (Caours) or peat deposits (Waziers). In order to check the reliability of ESR/U-series method to date teeth recovered from archaeological levels in such specific geological environments, teeth were sampled on these two Middle Palaeolithic sites and systematic in situ dosimetry was performed using portable gamma spectrometer. The ESR/U-series ages obtained on the Caours site are very homogeneous allowing the calculation of a mean age equal to 125 ± 11 ka, in agreement with the geological age, mammal's association and other available geochronological data (U-series on tufa carbonate, TL on burnt flints, OSL on sediments), despite a relatively heterogeneous dosimetric environment (gamma dose rate ranging between ca 200–450 μGy/a). At Waziers, reducing (water logging) environment linked to the peat leads to very specific U-series data of the analysed teeth (U content lower than 0.1 ppm in all the dental tissues, evidence of leaching in some tissues), but the mean ESR/U-series age, 129 ± 4 ka, is also in agreement with the available geological and palaeoenvironmental data indicating that the dated teeth were associated with Late Glacial deposits prior to the climatic interglacial optimum. These two case studies then confirm the reliability of ESR/U-series method to date with good reliability and accuracy the archaeological levels linked to such relatively short climatic events (ca 10 ka).  相似文献   

狮子洋主航道特大水垂比大位移科学钻孔施工实践          下载免费PDF全文

王汇明  李军  李勇  庄生明  赵远刚  钱锋 《探矿工程》2022,49(1):135-141

粤港澳大湾区狮子洋主航道地质勘察无法采用垂直点状钻探勘察施工,为此采用水平孔勘察方案,设计了一个特大水垂比大位移科学钻孔。该孔设计孔深940 m,取心靶点14个,靶区半径5.0 m,水平段长380 m,垂深60 m,水垂比14,是国内单孔作业靶点最多、水垂比最大的钻孔之一。研究制定了一套多靶点定向钻进、水平螺杆马达原状性取心、地质录井和存储式钻杆输送测井的综合勘察技术,在水利水电勘察中首次应用,取得了良好的效果。该孔完钻孔深936.20 m,中靶率85.71%,其中,取心进尺81.70 m,机械钻速2.38 m/h,岩心采取率89.84%,精准实现了洋底主航道的地质超前预报,大幅度减少了勘察孔数量,降低了环境破坏,提高了勘察效率,保证了地质资料的连续性和可靠性,是一项值得在隧道勘察中推广使用的先进技术。  相似文献   

落石冲击混凝土棚洞力学特性研究     

陈泰江  章广成  向欣 《岩土力学》2022,43(1):277-285

落石冲击棚洞结构作用过程复杂,缺乏统一的落石冲击力表达式。首先,将落石简化为刚性球体,基于Hertz接触理论,推导得到落石冲击力半正弦算法的理论表达式,考虑落石冲击下棚洞的非弹性特征,根据落石与材料碰撞过程中落石加速度曲线特征,采用函数拟合法推导得到落石法向冲击下其冲击力的理论计算方法;然后,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件建立落石冲击棚洞数值计算模型,研究不同冲击速度下落石冲击棚洞动力特征;最后,与现存常见的多种方法进行对比,得出以下结论：Hertz半正弦法得到的落石冲击力远大于函数拟合法和数值法,而函数拟合法和数值法得到的落石冲击力时程曲线相接近,表明函数拟合法更能反映落石与棚洞接触碰撞动力关系;对比其他计算方法可以得到,Hertz算法适用于分析无能量损失下的弹性碰撞问题,而Logistic算法适用于材料大塑性变形的情况,弹塑性接触理论结果和动力有限元结果存在差异,而采用函数拟合推导的计算方法得到的落石最大冲击力和落石冲击作用时间与动力有限元法更接近,更能反映落石冲击棚洞动力响应特征,推导的落石冲击力计算方法可为工程实践中棚洞防护设计提供理论参考。  相似文献