Present recharge of an aquifer in a semi-arid region: an example from the Turonian limestones of the Errachidia basin, Morocco     

A. El Ouali  J. Mudry  J. Mania  P. Chauve  N. Elyamine  M. Marzouk 《Environmental Geology》1999,38(2):171-176

 The Errachidia basin is composed of three superposed aquifers (Senonian, Turonian limestones and Infracenomanian). The Liassic limestone of the upper Atlas borders the northern part of the basin. The piezometric map of the Turonian aquifer displays a north-south flow, with an inflow area from the Atlas. This recharge hypothesis is demontrated by a discriminant analysis performed on chemical data: the majority of the spots are of sodium choride and hydrogenocarbonate types, while several boreholes are assigned to a calcium hydrogenocarbonate type Jurassic component. ¹⁸O measurements, using the Atlasic gradient δ¹⁸O=–4.18–0.0027 x elevation to estimate the recharge areas, confirm that the recharge area is the basin itself (<1100 m) on the Turonian outcrops, while in the confined part, the Turonian is recharged higher than 1400 m (corresponding to the Atlas). This contribution ranges from 56 to 85%, according to the situation versus the piezometric inflow area. The remainder represents infiltration and vertical leakage from the Senonian layers.  相似文献   

1967—2016年黄河上游河曲地区降水变化特征研究     

杨春华  燕振宁  周丹  保广裕 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2020,14(2):43-49

利用1967~2016年黄河上游河曲地区的5个气象站观测气象站的逐日地面降水和气温资料,利用气候变化趋势分析、距平、Mann-kendall 时间序列突变及趋势检验方法分析了该地区气温变化特征、不同类型各等级降水量及降水日数的气候特征。结果表明：(1)近50年黄河上游河曲地区年均气温以0.459℃/10a趋势显著上升,上升速度低于全国其它地区,且在2002年气温发生突变后升温加剧；(2)年降水量和降水日数呈减少趋势,主要是由夏季小雨量和小雨日数的减少引起；(3)在2002年气温突增后,强降水对总降水量贡献率增加,且年降水量和降水日数波动幅度也明显增大,这可能预示该地区洪涝灾害的风险在增加。降水日数的贡献率增加,增加明显的是中雨日数和小雨日数,分别增加了1.1%和1.7%。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of the Upper Neoproterozoic and Lower Cambrian siliciclastic rocks and U-Pb dating on detrital zircons in the Central Iberian Zone,Spain     

J.?M.?UgidosEmail author  K.?Billstr?m  M.?I.?Valladares  P.?Barba 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2003,92(5):661-676

Sandstones and shales from the Upper Neoproterozoic (UN) succession in the Central Iberian Zone (CIZ) show parallel REE patterns and relatively restricted and similar ranges and average values of some element ratios such as Al₂O₃/TiO₂, Ti/Nb, Eu/Eu*, (La/Yb)n, (Gd/Yb)n and Th/U. This remarkable geochemical homogeneity for related medium- and fine-grained rocks is unusual, and strongly suggests a recycled source area. However, the Lower Cambrian (LC) equivalent rocks are, in general terms, geochemically less mature, more heterogeneous and more fractionated. Their average REE patterns are practically coincident, probably as a consequence of REE redistribution related to the reworking of sediments during a stage of sea level fall in Lower Cambrian times. Ti and Zr abundances, chemical index of alteration (CIA) values and element ratios such as Al₂O₃/TiO₂, K/Rb, Ti/Nb and Rb/Zr can be used for discriminating purposes between the UN and LC siliciclastic rocks. Detrital zircons from a UN and a LC sandstone display morphological differences. However, U-Pb data are discordant and cannot be interpreted in a straightforward manner. Nevertheless, age data are compatible with a model in which the continent of Gondwana would have supplied zircons, showing a bimodal age distribution, in variable proportions to the respective sandstone units.  相似文献   

高、低空急流中的锢囚锋环流   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

蒋后硕  吕克利 《高原气象》2000,19(3):265-276

利用原始方程模式探讨了高空西风急流和低空南风急流中锢囚锋环流的演变和增强机制。数值结果显示,在干大气中,高空西风急流的存在使锢囚锋非地转环流和锋区上升速度迅速变化、增强,并有利于重力内波的垂直传播;低空南风急流对锋区环流型的变化影响较大,但环流较为平直,对锋区上升速度的增强作用不大,产生的锋区速度比高空西风急流中小得多;高低空急流的同时存在,对锢囚锋环流的作用比较复杂,其影响比高低空急流各自作用的  相似文献   

Rare and vulnerable species in the mollusc communities in the mining subsidence reservoirs of an industrial area (The Katowicka Upland, Upper Silesia, Southern Poland)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Iga Lewin  Adam Smoli&#x;ski 《Limnologica》2006,36(3):181-191

Pollution of the water environment by mining waters is a problem not only in Poland, but worldwide. This study investigated the mollusc communities in seven mining subsidence reservoirs affected by coal mine output (the Katowicka Upland, Upper Silesia, Southern Poland). The objective of the survey was to determine the relationship between the molluscs and their environments and to evaluate the ecological-conservation value of freshwater habitats which support rare and vulnerable molluscs. From 1993 to 2005, 23 mollusc species were recorded. Our result confirmed an invasion by Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843), whose density varied from 2 to 2422 individuals/m² in the waters of the Katowicka Upland. A few rare and vulnerable species were found, e.g. Acroloxus lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758), Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Ferrissia wautieri (Mirolli, 1960), Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758), Musculium lacustre (O.F. Müller, 1774) or Pisidium casertanum (Poli, 1791). Principal component analysis showed a positive correlation between mollusc density and pH, the concentration of chlorides, the total hardness, alkalinity and total dissolved solids, and a negative correlation between the number of species and phosphates. Because of the distinctive environmental features of the mining subsidence reservoirs in Czułów, the research area has provided a refuge for wildlife.  相似文献   

Constraining P-wave velocity variations in the upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia     

Chang Li  Robert D. van der Hilst  M. Nafi Toksöz 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2006,154(2):180-195

We have produced a P-wave model of the upper mantle beneath Southeast (SE) Asia from reprocessed short period International Seismological Centre (ISC) P and pP data, short period P data of the Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (ABCE), and long period PP-P data. We used 3D sensitivity kernels to combine the datasets, and mantle structure was parameterized with an irregular grid. In the best-sampled region our data resolve structure on scale lengths less than 150 km. The smearing of crustal anomalies to larger depths is reduced by a crustal correction using an a priori 3D model. Our tomographic inversions reveal high-velocity roots beneath the Archean Ordos Plateau, the Sichuan Basin, and other continental blocks in SE Asia. Beneath the Himalayan Block we detect high seismic velocities, which we associate with subduction of Indian lithospheric mantle. This structure is visible above the 410 km discontinuity and may not connect to the remnant of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab in the lower mantle. Our images suggest that only the southwestern part of the Tibetan plateau is underlain by Indian lithosphere and, thus, that the upper mantle beneath northeastern Tibet is primarily of Asian origin. Our imaging also reveals a large-scale high-velocity structure in the transition zone beneath the Yangtze Craton, which could have been produced in multiple subduction episodes. The low P-wave velocities beneath the Hainan Island are most prominent in the upper mantle and transition zone; they may represent counter flow from the surrounding subduction zones, and may not be unrelated to processes beneath eastern Tibet.  相似文献   

达县—宣汉地区长兴组礁滩白云岩成岩作用与成岩环境研究   总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23       下载免费PDF全文

王瑞华  牟传龙  谭钦银  余谦 《沉积与特提斯地质》2006,26(1):30-36

达县—宣汉长兴组礁滩白云岩主要成岩作用类型有压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用、白云石化作用、新生变形作用、溶蚀作用、破裂作用和充填胶结作用等,对研究区储层贡献最大的成岩作用主要是溶蚀作用、新生变形作用和破裂作用。根据岩石中所形成的大量溶蚀孔隙、晶间溶孔和晶间孔以及裂缝的特征,该套礁滩白云岩储层的良好物性主要形成于中—深埋藏环境。  相似文献   

地质条件约束下储层流动单元定量研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁新涛  彭仕宓  刘国威 《新疆地质》2006,24(2):171-175

由于流动单元定量研究中常用的数学方法不能反映储层的地质分布规律,采用了地质条件约束的研究思路,对塔中油田塔中11油藏志留系潮坪相储层进行了流动单元研究.在应用高分辨率层序地层学进行小层对比的基础上,首先确定储层内部的渗流屏障及连通体的分布规律,然后在连通体内部,综合采用基于孔渗的宏观参数FZI和微观参数R35建立流动单元的聚类样本和判别函数,对所有取心井和非取心井划分出流动单元类型.最后根据单井划分结果,在储层结构模型的约束下,优选随机建模方法对流动单元的分布进行横向预测,建立了流动单元分布的三维模型.实践证明,渗流屏障和连通体等地质条件控制下流动单元定量研究方法在潮坪相地层中有很好的应用效果.  相似文献   

华北陆块东南缘上震旦统凤台组磷结核的发现及其意义     

曹高社张善文  随风贵杨晓勇 刘德良 《地质通报》2006,25(4):454-459

华北陆块东南缘凤台组的底部和中部存在磷结核.这些磷结核的发现表明,凤台组(至少有部分地层)可能形成于温暖的海相环境.凤台组底部与中部磷结核的地球化学特征分析表明,2个层位磷结核的沉积构造环境存在差异,凤台组底部形成于地幔活动较强的海相环境,而中部形成于地幔活动性较弱的闭塞环境.  相似文献   

鲁北济阳坳陷东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段高分辨率层序地层格架   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

戴朝强  张金亮 《地质通报》2006,25(9):1168-1174

应用高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论,通过对地震、录井、测井资料的分析,对鲁北东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段进行了高分辨率层序地层学的划分与对比,总结出各层序地层单元及其界面在录井和地震资料中的判识标志,把研究区基准面旋回划分为短期、中期和长期3个级别的旋回层序.整个沙河街组第四段上亚段由一个长期基准面旋回组成,并划分出5个中期基准面旋回,首次建立了研究区内该亚段高分辨率层序地层格架,有利于东营凹陷南坡该亚段沉积微相和储层结构描述等精细地质研究的进一步开展.  相似文献