福建上杭紫金山铜金矿床地质简介   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚金炎  彭振安 《矿产与地质》1992,6(2):89-94

以宏观角度介绍紫金山铜金矿床地质背景,论述了火山机构、次火山岩、隐爆角砾岩、围岩及围岩蚀变、矿化带及矿化特征,着重总结该矿床找矿标志,以期在地质找矿中得以借鉴。  相似文献   

ENCORE钻孔导斜系统     

谈耀麟 《矿产与地质》1992,6(6):487-491

ENCORE钻孔导斜系统由设计先进的MOLE型固定楔、MULE型活楔、RATTY型扩孔导向矛和DOLPHIN型定向仪组成。可在40－96mm钻孔中进行定向钻进，解决钻孔纠斜或分支孔钻进问题。在分析研究其、工作原理和操作方法基础上进行对比分析，指出优点并介绍了使用效果。  相似文献   

浙西北火山岩型铀矿床的成矿条件及成矿规律研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王剑锋 《铀矿地质》1992,(4)

本文根据广泛的野外调查研究和大量的分析统计数据,讨论了浙西北火山岩型铀矿床形成的地质条件和物理化学条件。重点探讨了劳村组、黄尖组和寿昌组的含铀性及岩性、岩相、构造和岩浆活动对成矿的控制作用。探讨了成矿溶液的成分、性质、温度和铀的迁移形式,以及成矿物质来源和成矿机理,并在此基础上总结出铀成矿的时空规律。  相似文献   

滇西墨江西部石炭、二叠纪火山岩   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

周德进  徐平 《地质科学》1992,(3):249-259

墨江西部出露有石炭纪和晚二叠世两套火山岩,它们呈平行的两条带分布。石炭纪火山岩以拉斑玄武岩为主,少量流纹岩,它们是由上地幔源区10%部分熔融形成的原始岩浆,经橄榄石、辉石和斜长石不同程度结晶分异作用形成。其喷发环境可能是一个发育在大陆边缘的张性海盆地。晚二叠世火山岩较为复杂,熔岩与火山碎屑岩交互发育,熔岩主要属于拉斑系列,还含有少量钙碱性系列岩石;形成于陆缘火山弧环境。  相似文献   

Noble gases dissolved in groundwater in a volcanic aquifer: Helium isotopes in the Kumamoto Plain     

Y. Mahara 《Environmental Geology》1995,25(4):215-224

This study Investigates a tracing method using dissolved noble gases to survey the groundwater flow in a large groundwater basin. The tracing method is based on measuring the concentrations of noble gases and the ratio of helium isotopes in groundwater samples. Since it is very difficult to detect trace amounts of noble gases and helium with high accuracy in a 15-ml groundwater sample, dissolved gases were extracted and purified, then a high-resolution mass spectrometer was used for measurement and comparison with standard samples. We used this method with samples from a confined aquifer formed by the deposition of pyroclastic flow in the Kumamoto Plain on the west side of Mt. Aso in central Kyushu, Japan. The groundwater basin under the plain is divided into four small basins, based on the helium concentrations and isotope ratios, with two major groundwater flows. One flow is buried by the Aso pyroclastic flow along the old Kase River; the other is along the Tsuboi River Valley. These two groundwater flows were identified from the different helium isotope-ratios. The helium component from the deep mantle is mixed into the groundwater under the Kumamoto Plain. Finally, data on the concentrations and ratios of³He to⁴He in groundwater samples were used to determine the location of faults in the volcanic aquifer.  相似文献   

The Sudbury Structure (Ontario,Canada): a tectonically deformed multi-ring impact basin     

A. Deutsch  R. A. F. Grieve  M. Avermann  L. Bischoff  P. Brockmeyer  D. Buhl  R. Lakomy  V. Müller-Mohr  M. Ostermann  D. Stöffler 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1995,84(4):697-709

The occurrence of shock metamorphic features substantiates an impact origin for the 1.85 Ga old Sudbury Structure, but this has not been universally accepted. Recent improvements in knowledge of large-scale impact processes, combined with new petrographic, geochemical, geophysical (LITHOPROBE) and structural data, allow the Sudbury Structure to be interpreted as a multi-ring impact structure. The structure consists of the following lithologies: Sudbury Breccia —dike breccias occurring up to 80 km from the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC); Footwall rocks and Footwall Breccia — brecciated, shocked crater floor materials, in part thermally metamorphosed by the overlying SIC; Sublayer and Offset Dikes, Main Mass of the SIC and Basal Member of the Onaping Formation (OF) — geochemically heterogeneous coherent impact melt complex ranging from inclusion-rich basal unit through a dominantly inclusion-free to a capping inclusion-rich impact melt rock; Grey Member of OF — melt-rich impact breccia (suevite); Green Member of OF — thin layer of fall back ejecta; Black Member of OF — reworked and redeposited breccia material; Onwatin and Chelmsford Formations — post-impact sediments. Observational and analytical data support an integrated step-by-step impact model for the genesis of these units. Analysis of the present spatial distribution of various impact-related lithologies and shock metamorphic effects result in an estimated original rim-to-rim diameter of the final crater of 200 or even 280 km for the Sudbury Structure, prior to tectonic thrusting and deformation during the Penokean orogeny.  相似文献   

平衡剖面的正演计算及其应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

陈伟  曾庆 《地质科学》1993,28(2):117-126

正演运动模型近来已广泛运用于地质剖面的构造演化模拟。作者以Suppe的断层转折褶皱的几何模型为基础,详细阐述了挤压构造区域上盘地层的几何形态变化对应的速度场分布规律及地层长度变化;编制出相应的平衡剖面正演程序,并扩充了正演程序的应用范围。以川东大池干构造为实例,制作出该构造的平衡构造演化剖面。  相似文献   

兰州—天水地区三维重力反演及其地质解释          下载免费PDF全文

李渭娟  梁桂培  姚政生 《地震工程学报》1993,(4)

本文利用重力资料对兰州—天水地区的深部构造进行了研究。在计算中,采用Parker-Oldenbarg三维位场反演方法,反演前对重力资料进行了地形改正和中新生代沉积层校正。根据反演结果,综合分析了有关资料,认为该区为青藏块体过渡带,并且提出了陇中盆地为断块型构造盆地的新认识。  相似文献   

Electrification of volcanic plumes     

T. A. Mather  R. G. Harrison 《Surveys in Geophysics》2006,27(4):387-432

Volcanic lightning, perhaps the most spectacular consequence of the electrification of volcanic plumes, has been implicated in the origin of life on Earth, and may also exist in other planetary atmospheres. Recent years have seen volcanic lightning detection used as part of a portfolio of developing techniques to monitor volcanic eruptions. Remote sensing measurement techniques have been used to monitor volcanic lightning, but surface observations of the atmospheric electric Potential Gradient (PG) and the charge carried on volcanic ash also show that many volcanic plumes, whilst not sufficiently electrified to produce lightning, have detectable electrification exceeding that of their surrounding environment. Electrification has only been observed associated with ash-rich explosive plumes, but there is little evidence that the composition of the ash is critical to its occurrence. Different conceptual theories for charge generation and separation in volcanic plumes have been developed to explain the disparate observations obtained, but the ash fragmentation mechanism appears to be a key parameter. It is unclear which mechanisms or combinations of electrification mechanisms dominate in different circumstances. Electrostatic forces play an important role in modulating the dry fall-out of ash from a volcanic plume. Beyond the local electrification of plumes, the higher stratospheric particle concentrations following a large explosive eruption may affect the global atmospheric electrical circuit. It is possible that this might present another, if minor, way by which large volcanic eruptions affect global climate. The direct hazard of volcanic lightning to communities is generally low compared to other aspects of volcanic activity.  相似文献   

Seismic quantification of the explosions that destroyed the dome of Volcán de Colima, Mexico, in July–August 2003     

Vyacheslav M. Zobin  Carlos J. Navarro-Ochoa  Gabriel A. Reyes-Dávila 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2006,69(2):141-147

In July–August 2003, the andesitic lava dome at Volcán de Colima, México, was destroyed by a sequence of explosions that replaced the 2×10⁶ m³ dome with a crater 200 m across and 30 m deep. The two strongest explosions occurred on July 17 and August 28. The initial low-frequency impulses that they produced, which were recorded on broadband seismic records, allowed an estimation of the counter forces of the initiating process as being equal to 0.3×10¹¹ N and 1×10¹¹ N for the July and August events, respectively. The seismic characteristics follow the Nishimura-Hamaguchi scaling law for volcanic explosions, reflecting self-similarity in the processes initiating explosive events. The results also show that counter forces can discriminate between the sizes of explosive eruptions that are assigned the same magnitude by conventional methods of classification such as the Volcanic Explosivity Index. The increasing use of broadband seismometers may therefore provide the basis for using counter forces to determine the magnitude of explosive eruptions.  相似文献