新疆祁漫塔格找矿远景区重要矿产整装勘查   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

伍跃中  庄道泽  李洪茂  雷永孝  王立社  雷学武  陈建中  胡华伟  时友东  张廷秀  高晓峰  乔耿彪  陈登辉  段星星 《西北地质》2010,43(4):25-34

新疆祁漫塔格地区成矿地质条件优越,找矿潜力巨大,是新疆十大重要找矿远景区之一。通过开展重要矿产资源整装勘查,有望在该区快速实现重大找矿突破。笔者首先简要阐述了本区地质矿产特征、以往工作程度和已取得的重要找矿进展,在此基础上,提出了实施矿产资源整装勘查部署的初步方案和预期取得的找矿成果,并从组织管理、运行机制、矿业权管理以及经费来源、队伍组织等多方面探讨了实现整装勘查的具体保障措施。  相似文献   

Identification of Quaternary subsurface glacial deposits using 3D databases and GIS     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):90-95

To solve the problem of handling numerous data from drillings and geophysical surveys for specific information of subsurface geological formations, the use of databases and geographic information systems (GIS) is demonstrated. Geological formations are in 3D and commercial GIS packages are normally in 2D. This problem is solved here by a 1D database of the layering of the drillings and export of query results from the database to a 2D GIS. The queries will ask for grain size and altitude for the actual sedimentary layers. To include point data from ground penetrating radar (GPR) data survey profiles in a 2D GIS, a stepwise technique of dynamic segmentation has been developed. The points are digitized along sedimentary boundaries from 2D GPR profiles. The concept was applied on a small area of glacial sediments in Telemark, Norway. Results from the processes were clustering of points with properties connected to specific geological formations. The clustering subsurface geological formations were moraine ridges, a diamict layer, gravel and coarse sand above and below the diamict layer, till above bedrock, and glaciomarine deposits of gravel and sand. Information about extension of these geological formations is useful and essential for modelling of sedimentary environments and for aquifer modelling.  相似文献   

A review of global stratospheric aerosol: Measurements, importance, life cycle, and local stratospheric aerosol   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Terry Deshler   《Atmospheric Research》2008,90(2-4):223-ICNAA07

Stratospheric aerosol, noted after large volcanic eruptions since at least the late 1800s, were first measured in the late 1950s, with the modern continuous record beginning in the 1970s. Stratospheric aerosol, both volcanic and non-volcanic are sulfuric acid droplets with radii (concentrations) on the order of 0.1–0.5 µm (0.5–0.005 cm^− 3), increasing by factors of 2–4 (10–10³) after large volcanic eruptions. The source of the sulfur for the aerosol is either through direct injection from sulfur-rich volcanic eruptions, or from tropical injection of tropospheric air containing OCS, SO₂, and sulfate particles. The life cycle of non-volcanic stratospheric aerosol, consisting of photo-dissociation and oxidation of sulfur source gases, nucleation/condensation in the tropics, transport pole-ward and downward in the global planetary wave driven tropical pump, leads to a quasi steady state relative maximum in particle number concentration at around 20 km in the mid latitudes. Stratospheric aerosol have significant impacts on the Earth's radiation balance for several years following volcanic eruptions. Away from large eruptions, the direct radiation impact is small and well characterized; however, these particles also may play a role in the nucleation of near tropopause cirrus, and thus indirectly affect radiation. Stratospheric aerosol play a larger role in the chemical, particularly ozone, balance of the stratosphere. In the mid latitudes they interact with both nitrous oxides and chlorine reservoirs, thus indirectly affecting ozone. In the polar regions they provide condensation sites for polar stratospheric clouds which then provide the surfaces necessary to convert inactive to active chlorine leading to polar ozone loss. Until the mid 1990s the modern record has been dominated by three large sulfur-rich eruptions: Fuego (1974), El Chichón (1982) and Pinatubo (1991), thus definitive conclusions concerning the trend of non-volcanic stratospheric aerosol could only recently be made. Although anthropogenic emissions of SO₂ have changed somewhat over the past 30 years, the measurements during volcanically quiescent periods indicate no long term trend in non-volcanic stratospheric aerosol.  相似文献   

国外前寒武纪铁建造的研究进展与有待深入探讨的问题   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

王长乐  张连昌  刘利  代堰锫 《矿床地质》2012,31(6):1311-1325

形成于早前寒武纪的铁建造,是一种富铁〔w(TFe)>15%〕的硅质化学沉积岩,其主要矿物组成是铁氧化物(磁铁矿和赤铁矿)及石英。根据铁建造的岩相学特征,将其划分为条带状铁建造和粒状铁建造;根据铁建造的沉积环境,将条带状铁建造划分为与火山岩有关的Algoma型和与细碎屑-碳酸盐岩有关的Superior型2种类型。铁建造的出现,起始于38亿年前,主要集中于28～18亿年,在18亿年之后有一个连续的缺失,但在8亿年左右因雪球事件而重新少量出现。Algoma型铁建造主要发育于中-新太古代,而Superior型则集中出现于古元古代;前者多形成于前寒武纪克拉通化之前,与海相火山活动和陆壳巨量增生密切相关,而后者多形成于克拉通化之后,与稳定发育的克拉通盆地和大气氧含量增加有关。Algoma型铁矿具有单个矿体规模较小、品位较低和多层发育等特征,而Superior型铁矿则具有单个矿体规模较大、品位较高、层位稳定等特征。由于铁建造在地质历史上大规模发育且不重复出现,所以,开展铁建造的研究不仅具有经济价值,而且具有重要的科学意义。铁建造的研究趋势是,在世界范围内进一步深化地球早期构造(地幔柱与早期板块构造)演化、水圈及大气圈组成与演化、地球早期生物活动,以及铁建造成因和时空分布规律等方面的研究。  相似文献   

Major and trace elements in German bottled water,their regional distribution,and accordance with national and international standards     

Manfred Birke  Uwe Rauch  Bodo Harazim  Hans Lorenz  Wolfgang Glatte 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010

The market for mineral water has been growing steadily over the last few years. Germany is the country with the highest number of bottled mineral water brands (908 bottled water samples from 502 wells/brands were analyzed). The per capita consumption of mineral water in Germany in 2003 was 129 L. A wide range of values of one to seven orders of magnitude was determined for 71 elements in the bottled water samples analyzed by ICP-QMS, ICP-AES, IC, titration, photometric, conductometric and potentiometric methods. A comparison of the element concentrations and the legal limits for both bottled and tap water (EU, Germany, US EPA, WHO) shows that only 70% of the 908 mineral water samples fulfill the German and EU drinking water (i.e., tap water) regulations for all parameters (not including pH) for which action levels are defined. Nearly 5% of the bottled water samples not fulfill the German and EU regulations for mineral and table water. Comparison of our results with the current German and European action levels for mineral and table water shows that only 42 of the bottled water samples exceed the limits for one or more of the following elements: arsenic, nitrate, nitrite, manganese, nickel and barium concentrations. Ten of the bottled water samples contain uranium concentrations above the 10 μg/L recommended limit.  相似文献   

阿尔泰喀纳斯早泥盆纪钾质富镁英安岩:俯冲沉积物熔体交代   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王毓婧  袁超  龙晓平  孙敏  肖文交 《地质科学》2010,45(1)

阿尔泰造山带喀纳斯地区出露一套钾质富镁英安岩,锆石U-Pb定年显示其形成于早泥盆世(411±4 Ma)。该套英安岩富SiO_2(64.71～67.77 wt%),MgO(3.28～3.53 wt%)和K_2O(2.12～2.75 wt%),贫Na_2O(1.70～1.85wt%),K_2O/Na_2O比值介于(1.20～1.53),具较高的Al_2O_3(14.12～15.33 wt%)和较低的CaO(1.12～1.28 wt%),ASI指数1.8,显示过铝质钙碱性岩浆系列特征,明显不同于初始的高镁安山质岩浆。样品具有中等的Cr(134×10~(-6)～153×10~(-6))、Co(17.47×10~(-6)～18.65×10~(-6))、Ni(71.64×10~(-6)～80.76×10~(-6))含量,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K和高场强元素U、Th、Pb及LREE,发育Sr、Ba及"TNT"(Ta、Nb、Ti)负异常,显示俯冲带岩浆岩地球化学特征。其高的Mg~#(51.71～52.47)和低的ε_(Nd)(t)值(-4.6～-4.2)说明该套火山岩可能来自遭受强烈交代作用的地幔楔部分熔融。样品具有较高的Ba/La、Pb/La比值和较低的Th/Yb、Nb/Y比值,显示地幔交代作用以俯冲沉积物熔体的交代作用为主。以上地球化学特征说明,喀纳斯钾质富镁英安岩可能主要是受俯冲沉积物熔体交代的上覆地幔橄榄岩部分熔融的产物,阿尔泰泥盆纪处于俯冲作用相关的活动大陆边缘构造环境。此外,该套火山岩的形成时代制约了其下覆的哈巴河群沉积上限,显示哈巴河群沉积于早泥盆世之前。  相似文献   

北秦岭西段冥古宙锆石(4.1～3.9Ga)年代学新进展   总被引：15，自引：13，他引：2  

第五春荣  孙勇  董增产  王洪亮  陈丹玲  陈亮  张红 《岩石学报》2010,26(4):1171-1174

2007年王洪亮等报道在北秦岭西段火山岩中获得一粒年龄为4079±5Ma的冥古宙捕虏锆石。之后,对这一发现开展了深入的调查研究,我们除利用SHIMP技术方法对原4079Ma的锆石进行验证外,新获得了两粒~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄为4007±29Ma和3908±45Ma捕获的变质成因锆石,表明早在4.0Ga已经有变质作用的发生,这或许说明在冥古宙时期地球已经具有相当规模和厚度的地壳。同时开展的岩石学研究表明,蕴含古老锆石的母岩属于火山碎屑熔岩类而不是火山熔岩。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地滴西地区石炭系火山岩识别与预测   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

王洛  李江海  师永民  张立伟 《岩石学报》2010,26(1):242-254

准噶尔盆地腹部滴西地区石炭系火山岩储层中已获重要的工业气流。然而由于成岩环境复杂,岩性多变,火山机构受后期风化剥蚀和构造作用的影响,保存不完整,使得该区火山岩研究难度大,认识程度较低。本文对滴西地区石炭系巴塔玛依内山组火山岩特征进行了研究,分析了该区典型岩性的岩心、岩石薄片及测井响应特征,提出了一套火山岩测井识别的方法。在此基础上,总结了典型岩性组合的地震反射特征,并对岩性的展布情况进行了预测。最后,对火山岩形成的环境进行了探讨。研究结果显示,滴西地区巴塔玛依内山组顶面的火山岩分布具有一定的分段特征,可以分为东部、中部、西部三段: 从成分上看,东部以酸性岩为主,西部以基性岩为主,中部则酸性岩、中性岩和基性岩皆较发育; 从火山岩产状上看,东部和西部以喷出产状为主,中部则侵入产状和喷出产状皆发育。巴塔玛依内山组火山岩体具有多期次的特点,各火山机构彼此叠置,时间和空间上具有一定的相关性。层状火山机构发育。本文的研究方法对准噶尔盆地内石炭系火山岩研究及火山机构的解剖具有借鉴意义,同时也为该区的油气勘探和开发提供一定的依据。  相似文献   

新疆东准噶尔石炭纪火山机构类型与时限   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

谭佳奕  王淑芳  吴润江  张元元  郭召杰 《岩石学报》2010,26(2):440-448

东准噶尔卡拉麦里大气田的主要储层是石炭纪火山岩,石炭纪古火山机构的样式与组合特征,与火山岩储层展布关系密切。野外调查表明,隐爆角砾岩是东准噶尔石炭纪古火山机构最常见的标志之一。东准噶尔石炭纪古火山机构类型主要有中心式、裂隙式和裂隙-中心式等样式。中心式火山机构以大石头层状火山、柯克巴斯套锥状火山最为典型;巴塔玛依内山附近沿断裂分布的带状火山岩具有裂隙式喷发的特征;东黑山火山具有火山口串珠状排列特征,是裂隙-中心式喷发的产物。大石头地区原缪林托凯陶山组火山岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为345.6±7.1 Ma,而已知巴塔玛依内山组火山岩年龄是350.0±6.3Ma,因此东准噶尔火山活动的主要时期是早石炭世。  相似文献   

新疆哈密黄山东铜镍硫化物矿床成岩成矿作用   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

胡沛青  任立业  傅飘儿  张铭杰  李晓亚  秦宏毅 《矿床地质》2010,29(1):158-168

黄山东铜镍硫化物矿床赋存于橄榄岩、苏长岩、辉长岩和闪长岩组成的镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩体中,赋矿岩体包含至少4套岩石组合。不同类型岩石微量元素和稀土元素原始地幔标准化配分模式指示,该矿床明显亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素和Cr元素,富集Sr及大离子亲石元素;(La/Yb)N=1.08～2.70,δEu=0.50～2.57;含矿岩石Cu/Pd比值和Ti/Pd比值大于原始地幔值,表明不同类型岩石是高镁玄武质岩浆在深部分异结晶演化的产物。根据橄榄石和全岩化学组成可估算出母岩浆MgO含量约为12%。成矿岩浆深部演化过程中,富硅的地壳混染组分和外来流体的加入可能促成了岩浆中的硫饱和;深部熔离的不混溶硫化物珠滴被上升岩浆携带,富集在橄榄岩和苏长岩的底部。  相似文献